- •Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение
- •Введение
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •2. Give definitions of the following words:
- •3. Read the text and do the tasks.
- •4. Answer the question about the British police.
- •5. Finish the following sentences, using tail questions.
- •6. Find equivalents to the following Russian words and phrases in the text above:
- •7. Read the interview with a police officer. Dramatize it. Then sum up the information you learnt from the interview about the British police.
- •9. Master your vocabulary in the topic “Crime and Criminals”
- •10. Read the text and explain why a police officer has to ‘caution’ the person who is being arrested.
- •11. Complete the article with words from the box.
- •12. Match the words in bold in the previous task to the definitions 1-7.
- •13. Use the words from the box in the text:
- •14. Read the newspaper article below and think of a headline for it. Answer the questions:
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •2. Read the following verbs:
- •15. Make a survey of the crimes and court cases that are reported in the news in one week.
- •16. Read the conversation between Nancy Bryant, a fraud prevention officer, and a journalist. Answer the questions:
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •2. Explain what the following words and expressions mean:
- •5. Find in the text above the English equivalents for the following words and expressions:
- •6. Fill in the gaps in the text below with the words and expressions from the box:
- •7. Fill in the gaps in the sentences using the sentences below the text.
- •9. Use one word in each gap. You’ve been framed!
- •11 Points
- •6 Points
- •12 Points
- •6 Points
- •5 Points
- •Vocabulary
- •10. Match each of the following verbs with a word or phrase on the right. They are all connected with a British court of law.
- •11. Interview your partner using the questions below:
- •12. Read the text below and think of the word which fits best for each gap. Use only one word in each gap.
- •13. Read the text below and decide which answer (a, b, c, or d) best fits each gap.
- •14. Study the authentic cases given below. Discuss each in pairs and decide the following:
- •15. People say that children today are growing up more quickly. The law sometimes makes this possible. Look at the information below. How these laws are different in Russia?
- •16. Read the article and complete it with the words from the box.
- •17. Translate into English.
- •18. Translate into English.
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Which of the actions or procedures above are carried out by each of the following people?
- •2 . Match each word below with the definition.
- •7. Complete these sentences using the pairs from the exercise above. You may have to make changes to fit the grammar of the sentences. The first one has been made for you as an example.
- •8. Put each of the words in the box in its correct place in the passage below:
- •10 Read the four articles below.
- •11. Work in pairs. Discuss these questions.
- •13 Work in pairs. Read the information below and decide how much money the woman should receive.
- •14. Why do you think people commit crimes? Discuss the problem of the causes of crime.
- •15. Discuss these questions:
- •17. Read the newspaper extract below, and discuss the question that follows.
- •Vocabulary
- •4. Fill in the gaps.
- •5. Translate from Russian into English.
- •6. Complete the following text using the words from the box:
- •7. Translate into English.
- •8. Discuss the items below:
- •9. Translate into English.
- •10. What is your opinion about the trial jury?
- •Grammar
- •8 Points
- •8 Points
- •7 Points
- •8 Points
- •7 Points
- •12 Points
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Before you read the text discuss the following points:
- •2. Read the text.
- •2. Find in the text above the English equivalents for the following words and expression:
- •3. Write out all kinds of punishments from the text and put them in order from the most serious ones to the lightest.
- •4. Answer the questions about the text:
- •5. Match to make sentences.
- •6. A. Use a word in each gap to complete the text.
- •7. Use one word in each gap.
- •8. Use the word given in capitals to form a word that fits in the gap.
- •9. Read the text below and think of the word which fits best in each gap. Use only one word in each gap.
- •Identity theft
- •10. Translate the following text into English:
- •11. Discuss the following issues:
- •12. Read the following text.
- •Vocabulary
- •3. Answer the following questions:
- •4. Find English equivalents for the following words and phrases in the text:
- •5. Match the following English expressions with their Russian equivalents:
- •6. Translate the following text into English:
- •7. Study the following phrasal verbs:
- •Vocabulary
- •3. Which sentences are true and which ones are false?
- •4. Complete the sentences.
- •5. Match the verbs with the nouns. Use the phrases in the sentences of your own:
- •10. Translate into English.
- •11. Read the following newspaper stories. How do you feel when you read them? Work in groups. Discuss each case in turn.
- •Grammar
- •Infinitive. Complex Object. Complex Subject.
- •15 Points
- •Insert the words from the box:
- •10 Points
- •Vocabulary
- •6. Below are the main areas of commercial law. Match each branch to the contents it covers. The first one is done for you.
- •Vocabulary
- •5. Say whether the statements are true or false.
- •7. Translate into English.
- •8. Read the text ‘Women in Politics’ and answer the questions:
- •9. Speak on the topic “Law of property, natural resources and the environment”.
- •Victims of oil shortage.
- •It’s an ill wind…
- •13. A) Work in pairs. Take it in turns to react to the statements below. Use the expressions for expressing opinion from the previous exercise.
- •Vocabulary
- •4. Are these statements true or false?
- •6. Find the best equivalent for the words below.
- •7. Give the English equivalents for the following:
- •8. Work in pairs. Which of the following freedoms is the most important to you? Why?
- •9. Choose the correct word to complete sentences. How strongly do you agree or disagree with the following statements?
- •It happened on December 1
- •12. Read the text below and answer the question: what does the law of your country guarantee to disabled people? What is the attitude to people with limited abilities?
- •13. Translate into English.
- •14. Read the text below and discuss with your class mates how much privacy we have these days.
- •10 Points
- •10 Points
- •7 Points
- •Основная литература
12 Points
Total: 50 points
UNIT 3. CRIME AND PUNISHMENT
Reading and Speaking
Topic 1. Punishment.
Vocabulary
imprisonment – тюремное заключение, лишение свободы
severity– строгость
inmates– заключенные
juveniledelinquents– несовершеннолетние правонарушители
recidivists – рецидивисты
life-sentence prisoners (lifers) –заключенные пожизненно
maximum-security prison – тюрьма строгого режима
prevent escape –предотвращать побеги
low-security –
restitution –
drawback – недостаток
suspended sentence –приговор с отсрочкой исполнения
undertake – предпринимать
disqualification – дисквалификация
correction – исправление
1. Before you read the text discuss the following points:
What do you think about punishing criminals: should their penalty be as strict as possible? Should society be stricter to offenders?
What is the main purpose of punishment?
What factors should be taken into account when offenders are punished?
Have you read anything about the situation in prisons in Russia?
2. Read the text.
Every crime or offence must be punished.
The most severe punishment is imprisonment. Prisoners are kept in separate institutions according to the severity of crime, age, gender and other conditions. Thus, the inmates include unconvicted prisoners, juvenile delinquents, women prisoners, recidivists and life-sentence prisoners.
Prisoners who serve longer sentences are held in maximum-security prisons. Barred cells, locked doors, periodic checking of sells, searches for contraband, and detailed regulations of prisoners’ life are all undertaken to prevent escapes. Young offenders are usually detained in reformatories which purpose is correction rather than punishment.
Prisoners who are not considered a danger are held in low-security or open prisons.
In most criminal justice systems the majority of offenders are punished by means other than custody.
Fine is the most common penalty and it has a lot of advantages. It is inexpensive to administer and does not have side effects, such as social stigma and loss of job. However, there is a danger that richer offenders can pay this fine easily, whereas less well-to-do citizens will have a heavy burden.
To pay restitution or compensation is popular in some countries as an alternative to prison. But there are some drawbacks. The first drawback is similar to the one with the fine. The second is that not all victims can get this compensation. Only when the offender is caught and his guilt is proved, victims of the crime will be recompensed. In some countries the victims get compensation from public funds, whether or not the offender is detected.
Probation essentially involves the suspension of sentence on the offender. The offender continues to live in the community under the supervision of a probation officer. If the offender does not commit any other crimes, no other penalty is imposed. If he breaks the requirements of order or commits a new crime, he will be brought back in court and punished for the original crime and the new offence. In many American states probation is combined with a suspended sentence.
Reparation means that the offender makes good the damage he has done through his crime, not by paying money but by providing services to the victim directly or indirectly. In England it takes the form of the community service order. The offender may perform up to 240 hours of unpaid work for the community, usually for the period of 12 months. It may involve heavy physical labour or help to handicapped people.
Other alternative to prison is disqualification. For example, an offender may be disqualified from driving a car or from holding a driving license. A fraudulent company director may be disqualified from directing the company. A corrupt politician may be disqualified from holding public office. A bad parent may be deprived of parental authority over his/her children.