Grammar

Task 1. Form the Future Perfect Progressive Tense verb-form for each verb in parentheses to complete the given sentences:

1. Next year Mr. Trenton ____ (work) in the Worchester County Police Forces for eleven years.

2. By the end of March the investigator and his team ____ (examine) this case for two months.

3. Next Christmas she ____ (conduct) lectures in Criminal law for three academic semesters.

4. By the time he finishes the law school, we ____ (live) in the US for eight years.

5. Mary ____ (pack) her things to leave for an hour when the taxi comes.

6. By the end of the week the police ____ (keep) the suspect under detention for 48 hours.

7. When the sheriff calls, the juvenile offender ____ (tell) the inspector everything he knows about this case.

8. By the end of this hour the jury ____ (discuss) the verdict for 20 minutes the most.

9. Tommy _____ (study) at the Maryland School of law for three months when his parents came to see him.

10. The Mirrar aboriginal people ____ (campaign) to block uranium mining on their traditional land at Jabiluka for 20 years next April.

11. By the end of the pre-trial process the suspected thief ____ (stay) in the detention room for another 2 months.

12. By 2 o’clock we ____ (listen) to the case about money laundering in Mexico for 3 hours.

13. The environmentalist groups including Greenpeace and the Wilderness Society ____ (step up) their protests in Australia’s main cities against the development of the uranium mine for another few weeks.

14. Tomorrow it will be a year as the police ____ (search) for the criminals who robbed the bank.

15. Before becoming a Queen’s Counsel Lord Garringham ____ (serve) as a Law Lord and the certified barrister for 15 years.

16. At 9 o’clock next Monday Judge Orr ____ (preside over) the Special Tribunal on Yugoslavia.⁴¹

Reported Speech

Task 2. Read the dialogue between Holger and Cathy and observe how it is put into indirect speech.

1. Cathy said: “I have to go soon”. - Cathy said that she had to go soon.

2. Cathy asked: “Do you like the music?” – Cathy asked if he liked the music.

3. Holger said: “Yes, it’s my favourite group.” - Holger said that it was his favourite group.

4. Cathy asked: “Does your sister listen to the same music?” – Cathy asked if his sister listened to the same music.

5. Holger said: “No, we have quite different tastes.” - Holger said that they had quite different tastes.

6. Cathy said: “In my family they like only classical music.” - Cathy said that in her family they liked only classical music.

7. Cathy said: “Let’s go to the concert today.” – Cathy offered to go to the concert on that day.

8. Holger said: “I am sorry, but I can’t. I have already arranged to visit my friends.” - Holger said that he was sorry, but he couldn’t go, because he had already arranged to visit his friends.

Task 3. Fill in the gaps with “say” or “tell” in the correct tenses.

A) Richard ____ Sarah that he was having a party on Saturday night. He _____ that it would start early but it would finish quite late. He _____ her to bring her sister along as well. Sarah _______ she was looking forward to going. Richard ____ her he would probably call again on Friday to_______ her the way to his house.

B) ‘What shall we do?’ asked Clara. “It’s raining outside, so let’s watch TV,’ I _____ . I turned on the TV and Clara _____ to me: ‘Look! That’s my favourite programme. Let’s watch it!’ To _____ you the truth, I don’t like it,’ I ______ .

C) ‘Good morning, Mr. Pearson,’ _____ Bella. ‘Good morning, Bella,’ he replied. ‘I’ve got lots of letters for you to type today,’ he ____ . ‘Alright,’ Bella ______. ‘I’ll type them after I finish writing this report.’

Task 4. Fill in the gaps with correct pronouns.

Model: Mary said: “I want to go out with my friends”.

Mari said that _she____ wanted to go out with _____friends.

1. Tom said: “I have lost my keys.”

Tom said that _____ lost ______ keys.

2. Bob and Mary said: “We are taking to our dog for a walk.”

Bob and Mary said (that) _____ were taking ______ dog for a walk.

3. Andrew said: “My sister is coming to visit me next week.”

Andrew said (that) _____ sister was coming to visit _____ the following week.

4. Mr. Jones said: “I need to buy a present for my wife.”

Mr. Jones said (that) ______ needed to buy a present for ____ wife.

5. Father said: ‘I want you to wash my car for me.”

Father said (that) _____ wanted _____ to wash _____ car for ______.

Task 5. Turn the sentences from direct into reported speech.

1. ‘I can’t find my bag,’ she said. – She said that she couldn’t find her bag.

2. ‘They are working in the garden,’ he said.

3. ‘We got married six months ago,’ she said to us.

4. ‘I’ll go shopping tomorrow,’ he said.

5. ‘I bought a new car last week,’ he said.

6. ‘We aren’t doing anything next week,’ they said.

7. ‘I can’t go tonight,’ she said to me.

8. ‘I forgot to pay the bill,’ he said.

9. ‘We’ve brought you a present,’ she said to me.

10. ‘I’ll phone you tomorrow,’ she said to Peter.

Task 6. Put the sentences into reported speech.

1. ‘Can you describe the attraction?’ the judge asked her.

2. The instruction manual told drivers: ‘Use cruise control for long-distance trips on the freeway.’

3. ‘Stop wasting the court’s time!’ the judge told him.

4. ‘Don’t interrupt me when I’m speaking,’ she told her son.

5. ‘Could you give me the name of a good lawyer?’ she asked her friend.

6. ‘Can you call an ambulance?’ she asked her husband.

Task 7. Turn the questions from direct into reported speech.

‘How old are you?’ he asked me. - He asked me how old I was.

1. ‘When will you call me?’ she asked George.

2. She asked, ‘Can you play the piano?’

3. He asked, ‘Who’s there?’

4. ‘Do you like fish?’ she asked John.

5. ‘What have you done today?’ Mother asked.

6. Jim asked, ‘Did you go to work yesterday?’

7. ‘How did you get here?’ he asked.

8. ‘Have you seen my blue jacket anywhere?’ she asked.

9. He asked, ‘Will you take me to work tomorrow?’

10. She asked, ‘Where have you been?’

11. She asked, ‘Will they visit us in the summer?’

12. ‘How did the fir start?’ the reporter asked.

13. ‘Who called the fire brigade?’ he asked.

14. ‘Did you ask people to leave the building?’ they asked.

15. ‘How many fire brigades are here now?’ he asked.

16. ‘Have any of the houses been damaged?’ he asked.

Task 8. Complete the following sentences using the correct form of the verb in brackets.

1. Stewart said he ________ (not/want) any dessert as he was full.

2. Derek said that he and Belinda ____ (see) Adam recently.

3. When I called, Susie said she ______ (give) the dog a bath , so she asked me to phone back in half an hour.

4. Marcus said he _____ (try) to find a flat for ages before he finally found one he liked.

5. Debbie said she ______ (decide) to quit her job, but I don’t believe her.

6. Our English teacher said that Shakespeare ____ (be) probably the greatest writer in the English language ever.

7. Richard said he and Patricia ______ (be going) to invite her parents for the weekend, but I don’t know if they went or not.

8. Charlotte said last night that she really _____ (love) me, even if she doesn’t always show it.

9. Ollie said to Linda that he _____ (ask) me to be his best man on Monday, but in fact he asked Grant.

10. Pete told Francis he ____ (bring up) by his grandparents but in fact he hadn’t at all. ⁴²

Task 9. Complete each second sentence using the word given, so that it has the similar meaning to the first sentence. Use between two or five words in each gap.

1. ‘We’ll be travelling round Europe next month,’ said Jerry. – following

Jerry said that ___________ be travelling round Europe.

2. ‘I had Evan and Christie over for dinner last night, said Liz. – before

Liz said that ___________ had Evan and Christie over for dinner.

3. ‘Daz came here two days ago and then suddenly left,’ said Barry. – gone

Barry said that Daz had _________ and then suddenly left.

4. ‘We’re going on our yearly diet tomorrow,’ said Jessie and Sandy together. - starting

Jessie and Sandy said together that _________ yearly diet the next day.

5. ‘I can pick you two boys up from school this afternoon,’ said their father to George and Kevin. - that

George and Kevin’s father told his sons ________ up from school that afternoon.

6. ‘I’ll buy these as they are so cheap!’ said Toby. – going

Toby said he ________ as they were so cheap.

7. ‘You must study harder, Dave,’ said Dave’s mum. – him

Dave’s mum ________ study harder.

8. ‘I think you may be coming down with flu,’ Greg said to me. – thought

Greg said that ________ be coming down with flu.

9. ‘I don’t know why they haven’t contacted me recently,’ said Tom. – been

Tom said he didn’t know why ________ recently.

10. ‘Everything was different yesterday,’ said Ben. – been

Ben said everything _________ before. ⁴³

Task 10. Rewrite as reported questions, beginning with the words given.

1. ‘Have you had your ear pierced?’

My mum asked me if _______

2. ‘Can I meet you there at 6 o’clock tonight, Doug?’

Julian wanted to know whether _________

3. ‘Are still moving to Blackpool next week?’

Fiona asked Rod and Jenny whether _______

4. ‘Does Graham have to wear a suit to work?’

I asked Mrs. Daily if Graham _____

5. ‘Do you want someone to feed your cat while you’re away?’

Jan asked me if _______

6. ‘Can you guess what I’ve given Lindsay for her birthday?’

Fred asked Daisy if _________

7. ‘Do you love me or not, Gloria?’

Fred asked Gloria whether ______

8. ‘Will Simon be coming to the party tomorrow night?’

Adrian wondered whether ___________

9. ‘Tell me if you were anywhere near 34 Aylseford Street last night?’

The police officer demanded to know whether Sykes ______ ⁴⁴

Task 11. A. Report the following questions.

“What’s your name?” - He asked what my name was.

1. “Do you know where the post office is?” She asked…

2. “Where can I change some money?” He asked…

3. “Have you been here before?” She asked…

4. “What time did the meeting finish this morning?” He asked me…

5. “Will you look after the plants for me?” She asked…

6. “Did you go to the cinema last night?” They asked if we…

7. “What time did you arrive?” She asked…

8. “Are you meeting anyone here?” He asked…

B Report what Jim said yesterday.

Model: “We went to a fantastic concert last weekend”. - Jim told me that they had been a fantastic concert the weekend before.

1. “I’ve just started at Manchester University”. Jim said he…

2. “I’m studying Engineering”. Jim told me he…

3. “I’ve made lots of new friends”. Jim told me he…

4. “We are going to the Lake District at the weekend”. Jim told me that they…

5. “I’ll call you tomorrow”. Jim said he…

6. “I went to a brilliant lecture this morning”. Jim said he…

7. “I live in a flat with three other students”. Jim told me he…

8. “We’re having a party tonight”. Jim said they… ⁴⁵

Task 12 . Rewrite as direct questions.

1. She asked me why I was thinking of quitting the gym.

2. He asked her what the difference was between a refugee and an asylum seeker.

3. They asked us how we had got on with Peter three days before.

4. I asked them when they had last been on holiday.

5. She asked him which of them he preferred.

6. I asked you how you were going to get to Manchester tomorrow.

7. Karl asked Megan who she had been out with the weekend before.

8. Megan asked Karl what gave him the right to ask questions like that.⁴⁶

Task 13. Rewrite the sentences in direct speech.

1. He said he really hoped to find the thief.

2. She told me she was a lawyer.

3. He said he had arrived at the scene of crime an hour before.

4. She told me she couldn’t stop thinking about this case.

5. She thought she would prepare her speech later.

6. He said his witnesses would come to the trial by all means.

7. She decided that she was going to send her report the next week.

8. He said he didn’t understand all the circumstances of the crime.

Task 14 . Complete using the correct form of the verbs in the box.

Agree; apologize; ask; claim; deny; order; refuse; state; suggest; tell

1. If you want ______ me a question, put your hand up.

2. I ______ very clearly several times already that this government is not going to be blackmailed by terrorists.

3. The general ______ the soldiers to retreat which they did as quickly as they could.

4. Isabelle, _________ that story about the giraffe. I love that story!

5. Glenda still _____ to me for losing my CD-player.

6. If you _______ to cooperate with the police, you would have been in big trouble!

7. I’d like ______ waiting a few more days before we make a final decision.

8. The politician _____ having done anything wrong, despite the evidence against him.

9. I ______ to help you with your homework, not do it all for you!

10. Some thieves _______ to be electricity meter readers, so they can gain access to people’s houses. ⁴⁷

Task 15. Transform these sentences with direct speech into the reported speech sentences. Mind the change of the verb forms.

1. The official Greenpeace website informed its readers ”Greenpeace has been campaigning against environmental degradation since 1971 when a small boat of volunteers and journalists sailed into Amchitka, an area north of Alaska where the US Government was conducting underground nuclear tests.”

2. Speaking at the White House shortly after the decisive vote in the Senate, President Obama said, “It is pretty likely that the uncertainty surrounding the raising of the debt ceiling for business and consumers has been unsettling.”

3. The Queens' police officer gave comments on the accidental death of a 70-year-old cyclist near Rockaway Beach. “Andrzei Wiesnuk has been trying to go from the northbound bicycle lane when he was hit by a 2011 Acura.”

4. The cops later added,” The driver, Jonathan Rincon, 21, of Ozone Park was arrested because he has been driving with a suspended license.”

5. “A 5-year-old girl was shot in the back Monday night while she has been trying to get out of the way of a Queens shootout,” cops said.

6. “They hit innocent little girl,” said a terrified neighbor. “These gangbangers have been firing at each other like animals.”

7. “Investigators questioned a 27-year-old man linked to the gunfire who was also being treated at Wyckoff for a bullet wound to his leg,” cops said.

8. “Tameka Daniel, 36, was busted Tuesday at her East New York home after she has been allegedly selling ecstasy to an undercover cop,” source said.

9. “A school safety agent was arrested on charges that she has been persistently selling drugs to juveniles,” cops said Wednesday.⁴⁸

Stop and check 2

1. Answer the questions about civil and criminal cases.

1. What is a civil case?

2. Who is a plaintiff?

3. Who is a defendant?

4. What is a suit?

5. What is a burden of proof?

6. What is a criminal case?

7. Who is the plaintiff in the criminal case?

8. What is meant by the presumption of innocence?