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III. Find English equivalents for the following:

  • винаходи поєднані з технологічним розвитком;

  • залишатися під контролем;

  • примусити оголосити війну;

  • призвести до мобілізації;

  • різноманітність засобів та методів;

  • замінити військовою повинністю;

  • провідні технології;

  • спалахнути внаслідок політичного вбивства;

  • домінування важкої кавалерії;

  • запобігти втягненню у війну;

  • призвести до капітуляції;

  • досягти апогею

IV. Give Ukrainian equivalents of those expressions in the text:

  • a dramatic transformation in the character of warfare;

  • the simultaneous decline of the feudal system;

  • to develop technological advances;

  • success is valued above methods;

  • the leadership of national governments;

  • to be carried out by imperial or monarchics states;

  • to leave the war in a great deadlock;

  • entrance into the war;

  • to launch a surprise attack;

  • to bring an end to the dominance;

  • to prevent the opposing nation to engage in war;

  • to save the Allied army from complete disaster;

  • to prevail in conflict by any method

V. Give synonyms to the underlined words:

  • to launch a surprise attack;

  • to spark by the assassination;

  • to prevail in conflict;

  • to evolve from an activity;

  • to employ Medieval tactics;

  • scientific accomplishments;

  • simultaneous decline;

  • possession of technology;

  • advanced technology;

  • in cooperation with;

  • to engage in war

VI. Find in the text historical terms that mean:

  • confrontation between the USA and USSR in October 1962;

  • (1160-1227) ruler of the Mongol people in China who took over North India and sent his army as far as the Crimea; known esp. for his cruelty in battle;

  • ports in South-West Japan, almost completely destroyed on August 6, 1945, by the atomic bombs to be used in warfare, dropped on Japan by the US;

  • a state of political hostility and military tension between two countries or power blocs, involving propaganda, subversion, threats, economic sanctions, and other measures short of open warfare, esp. that between the American and Soviet blocs after World War II;

  • a Byzantine weapon employed in naval warfare from 670 AD. It consisted of an unknown mixture that, when wetted, exploded and was projected, burning, from tubes;

  • the series of wars fought between France, under Napoleon Bonaparte, and (principally) Great Britain, Prussia, Russia, and Austria either alone or in alliances (1799-1815)

VII. – Find the following adjectives and nouns from the text:

A

B

важкий

технологія

провідний

союз

військовий

кавалерія

нестійкий

досягнення

науковий

розвиток

ядерний

губернатор

технологічний

занепад

одночасний

боєголовка

– Match the lexis in columns A and B.

– Use the expressions in the statements in your own sentences.