Вопрос 9.7. Определитеосновнуюидеютекста.

• The ability to interpret product’s life cycle correctly can enable managers to develop efficient marketing strategies

• The two main features of the product life cycle are unit sales and unit profit.

• Interpreting product life cycles is the most challenging task of a sales manager.

• A good marketing strategy means taking into account both profit information and sales statistics.

Задача 10. Latin American migrant money

Вопрос 10.1. Определите, являетелиутверждение:

In Mexico, more money comes from migrants who are working abroad than from the oil and tourism industries.

• Ложным

• Истинным

• В тексте нет информации

Вопрос 10.2. Определите, являетелиутверждение:

Migrants might not use banks because they might not have permission to work in a particular country.

• Ложным

• Истинным

• В тексте нет информации

Вопрос 10.3. Определите, являетелиутверждение:

Due to the illegal status immigrants have to send money via mail orders.

• Ложным

• Истинным

• В тексте нет информации

Вопрос 10.4. Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1,2,3,4) соответствует идея:

Many local economies fail to create enough work for their population.

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Вопрос 10.5. Укажите, какому из абзацев текста (1,2,3,4) соответствует идея:

It is easy for the governments to identify and use the money that people send home.

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Вопрос 10.6. Ответьтенавопрос:

How do American authorities tackle the situation?

• They undertake legal actions.

• They try to track the source of funds.

• They help the region to struggle against poverty.

• They force banks to make reports.

Вопрос 10.7. Определите основную идею текста.

• Money coming from migrants is one of the sources to replenish the state treasury.

• The amount of foreign investment and aid coming into Latin America has to be increased.

• Illegal immigration is not only a political issue any more.

• It is poverty in Mexico that makes people break the law.

Задача 11. Oil and the Economy

Some of the largest economic fluctuations in the U.S. economy have originatedin the oil fields of the Middle East. Crude oil is a key input into the production ofmany goods and services, and much of the world's oil comes from Saudi Arabia,Kuwait, and other Middle Eastern countries. When some event (usually political inorigin) reduces the supply of crude oil flowing from this region, the price of oil risesaround the world. U.S. Firms that produce gasoline, tires, and many other productsexperience rising costs.

The first episode of this sort occurred in the mid-1970s. The countries withlarge oil reserves got together as members of OPEC, the Organization of Petroleum

Exporting Countries. OPEC was a cartel—a group of sellers that attempts to prevent competition and reduce production in order to raise prices. And, indeed, oil pricesrose substantially. From 1973 to 1975, oil approximately doubled in price.Oilimportingcountries around the world experienced simultaneous inflation andrecession. In the United States, the inflation rate exceeded 10 percent for the firsttime in decades. Unemployment rose from 4.9 percent in 1973 to 8.5 percent in 1975.

Almost the same thing happened again a few years later. In the late 1970s, the

OPEC countries again restricted the supply of oil in order to raise the price. From1978 to 1981, the price of oil more than doubled. Once again, the result wasstagflation. Inflation, which had subsided somewhat after the first OPEC event, againrose above 10 percent per year. Unemployment rose from about 6 percent in 1978and 1979 to about 10 percent a few years later.

The world market for oil can also be a source of favorable shifts in aggregatesupply. In 1986 the disagreement took place among members of OPEC. Member countriesrefused to restrict oil production. In the world market for crudeoil, prices fell by about half. This fall in oil prices reduced costs to U.S. firms. As a result, the U.S. economyexperienced the opposite of stagflation: output grew rapidly, unemployment fell, andthe inflation rate reached its lowest level in many years.

Вопрос 11.1.Определите, является ли утверждение:

The USA economy depends on oil prices.