The Bar in Ukraine

Vocabulary

legal interests – законні інтереси / законные интересы

foreigners – іноземці / иностранцы

aliens –особи без громадянства / лица без гражданства

artificial persons – юридичні особи / юридические лица

higher legal education – вища юридична освіта / высшее юридическое образование

to take the oath – приймати присягу / принимать присягу

legal issues – юридичні питання / юридические вопросы

to draw up applications – складати (оформляти) звернення / составлять (оформлять) обращения

complaints – скарги / жалобы

to make representation – здійснювати представництво / осуществлять представительство

a letter of attorney – довіреність / доверенность

evidence – докази / доказательства

to question the defendant – допитувати обвинуваченого / допрашивать обвиняемого

witnesses – свідки / свидетели

to submit evidence – представляти доказ / представлять доказательство

trial – судовий розгляд / судебное разбирательство

to pronounce the speech for the defence – проголошувати захисну промову / произносить защитительную речь

to be entitled to do smth. – мати право робити що-небудь / иметь право делать что-либо

to handle the case by judicial supervision – розглянути справу у порядку судового контролю / рассмотреть дело в порядке судебного контроля

rule of law – верховенство права / верховенство права

publicity – гласність / гласность

self-government – самоврядування / самоуправление

1. What official document regulates the operation of the Bar in Ukraine?

The operation of the Bar in Ukraine is regulated by the “Law on the Bar” adopted in 1992.

2. What is the Bar of Ukraine?

The Bar of Ukraine is a voluntary, professional, public association which is called upon to protect the rights and freedoms and to represent the legal interests of the citizens of Ukraine, foreigners, aliens, artificial persons and give them other legal help.

3. Who may become an advocate in Ukraine?

According to the Law, a citizen of Ukraine, who has higher legal education, professional experience in the field of the legal profession for not less than two years, who has passed qualification exams, who has got a certificate, giving the right to operate as an advocate and who has taken the oath, may become an advocate.

4. What are the types of activities of the advocate?

Advocates give consultations and explanations concerning the legal issues, oral and written information concerning the legislation; draw up various applications, complaints and other documents of legal nature: make representation in courts and other artificial bodies; give legal help to enterprises, institutions and organizations.

5. What are professional rights of the advocate?

The advocate has the right to represent the rights and interests of citizens and artificial persons according to their letters of attorney in all bodies, institutions and organizations;

• to collect information about the facts, which may be used as evidence in civil, economic, criminal and administrative cases.

6. What are the rights of the advocate in the trial?

He participates in questioning the defendant and the witnesses and submits evidence and at the end of the hearing of the trial he pronounces his speech for the defense. The advocate is entitled to appeal against the court judgement in a higher court to participate personally in its hearing and to lodge appeals for handling the case by judicial supervision. The advocates take an active part in legal proceedings on housing, labour, property and other disputes, representing the interests of clients.

6. What are organizational forms of the Bar?

The Bar of Ukraine carries out its activity on the principles of the rule of law, independence, democracy, humanism and confidentiality. The advocate has the right to carry out his professional activity individually, open his bureau, create legal firms, boards and other professional associations, which should operate according to the “Law on the Bar in Ukraine”.

The associations of advocates operate on the principles of voluntariness, self-government, collective leadership and publicity.

6. What is the main requirement for the person who plans to work as an advocate?

The functions of the advocate may be successfully discharged only by the persons who combine great professional experience with high moral qualities.