Human-made disaster

A disastrous event caused directly and principally by one or more identifiable deliberate or negligent human actions. Also called human-made disaster.

I think this is the worst and biggest manmade environment disaster in the world, this happened in 1986 April 26 in Chernobyl. This disaster is the result of flawed reactor design that was operates with inadequately trained personnel. Actually this explosion is a Nuclear reaction and the steam explosion and radiation released more than 400 times in Hiroshima bomb. In this accident 2 Chernobyl plant workers died on that night and further 28 people reported as died because of radiation poisoning. Currently a 30 kilometer zone remains unoccupied around the nuclear plant, Resettlement is ongoing. Still people are suffering these disaster side effects.

Bhopal. Chernobyl. Love Canal. Seveso. Just a few of the names that have entered the lexicon of devastation wrought by the foolishness of mankind. Ecological travesties afflict the seas: the dead zone at the foot of the Mighty Mississippi, the Exxon Valdez or the North Pacific Gyre. Other disasters we have engineered intentionally: Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Land mines. No one can change history, but how have we learned from the past? Are the laws named after these disasters effective? And is there a lesson here that can change our path into the future?

War

Perhaps the most tragic man-made disasters stem from war. Whether it be the complete devastation wrought by nuclear weapons or an antique practice such as strewing salt in the earth of the defeated enemies, war is by its very nature destructive. From elephants stepping on landmines to contaminated water, to the vast quantities of fuel consumed, war is hell. Military personnel and civilians alike face exposure to chemicals which later leave a legacy of contamination that may be related to illness, birth defects and unbalanced natural ecosystems for decades after a war has ended. The only lesson left for humanity to learn is how to pick and fight the battles that count for the survival of all of us. The enemy now is dwindling water, climbing temperatures and ecological imbalance. Will fighting increase if resources are threatened? Or will we learn to work together to focus energy and solve the problems at hand before a crisis backs us into the corner?

WHAT IS NATIONALISM?

Nationalism is a sense of identity with the nation. It is similar to tribalism, and like the family, is held together by a sense of kinship. The original use of the term nationalism refers to elite groups, but in modern useage it refers usually to a very large group, sometimes as large as an empire.

A nation differs from a tribe in that it is larger. The greater literacy, and the improved communications and transportation rendered by industrialization make the nation possible.

The nation is unlike an empire, which is held together by military force, by police, sometimes by religion as with a god-king. The relationship between the members of an empire is an unequal relationship between the ruler and the subject.

The relationship of the members of a nation is, theoretically, an equal relationship between citizens. It develops differently in different national communities under different historical circumstances.

According to Professor Liah Greenfeld, nationalism may be collectivistic or individualistic depending upon whether or not the community or the individual is considered to be more important. A collectivistic nationalism tends to be authoritarian. An individualistic nationalism tends to be liberal.

Also, nationalism may be either ethnic or civic. Ethnic nationalism must also be collectivistic because it is based upon blood or race or ethnic group. Civic nationalism is usually individualistic, but it can be collectivistic.

England and the United States are examples of civic, individualistic nationalisms. France is an example of a civic, collectivistic nationalism. Germany and Russia are examples of ethnic, collectivistic nationalisms.

Negative nationalism assumes that the world is a zero-sum game where our gains come at another nation's expense, and theirs come at our's. Positive nationalism assumes that when our people are better off they're morewilling and better able to add to the world's well being.