- •Prepositions Предлоги времени
- •Exercises
- •The window your coffee the mountains that tree the river the island the next garage my guitar
- •Going to the Zoo
- •On/in/at – other uses
- •Prepositional verbs
- •Some common prepositional verbs
- •About, of, to
- •Till/until, to
- •VI. For, since
- •VII. Then, after, afterwards
Going to the Zoo
......On....... Saturday morning, we took the children ................the zoo because ............ school they are doing a project ............the moment on zoos – and we thought they should go............... one and do some research .............. the spot. Later on, when we got home, they looked up some information ............ the encyclopedia and we found out that the first public zoo ..... the world was opened ..........Paris ..........1793; this was the famous Jardin de Plantes. ........it were animals, of course. But there was also a museum and a botanical garden. The next big zoo to be opened was .......... 1829 in Regent’s Park ..............London. .............. Britain, there are now many more zoos. ...............Whipsnade Zoo, in Bedfordshire, animals from all parts of the world thrive, free to roam .................the surrounding countryside.
On/in/at – other uses
on |
in |
at |
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Другие предлоги
BY |
Compared to |
Send smth.by post, by hand Pay by cheque/ by credit car Happen smth by mistake/ by accident/by chance
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Pay in cash |
By car/ by train/ by plane/by boat/ by ship/ by bus/ by bicycle/ by road/ by rail/ by air/ by sea/ by underground |
In a car/ in my car/ in a taxi On the train, on the bus, on the bicycle/ on the 6.45 train On foot |
Bitten by a dog/ watched by millions of people The play by Shakespeare, a painting by Rembrandt, a novel by Tolstoy |
With a spoon/ with a fork/ with a knife With a key, etc. |
Come and sit by me (=beside me) Where is the light switch? – By the door. |
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Roger and John had a race over 100 metres. Roger won by about five metres. |
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By or with?
We use by when we talk about an action – what we do to get a result.
We use with when we talk about a tool or other object – what we use to get a result.
e.g. I killed the spider by hitting it. I killed the spider with a shoe.
Passive He was killed by a heavy stone (person or thing that does the action. ‘A stone fell and killed him’)
He was killed with a heavy stone (a tool or instrument used by smb. ‘Smb. used a stone fell to kill him’)
Noun + Preposition
Noun + FOR |
Noun + OF |
Noun + IN |
Noun + TO |
Noun + With/Between |
They sent me a check for $ 75.
a need for The firm closed down because there wasn’t enough demand for its products.
The train was late but nobody knew the reason for the delay. |
a disadvantage of... The advantage of living alone is that you can do what you want. (But we say: There’s an advantage in/to doing smth. There are many advantages in/to living alone)
Nobody knows what the cause of the explosion was.
a picture of/ a plan of/ a drawing of... She showed me some photographs of her family. |
a decrease in/ a rise in/ a fall in (prices, etc.)
There has been an increase in the number of road accidents recently. There was a big fall in sales. |
The accident was my fault, so I had to pay for the damage to the other car.
(a party/ a wedding, etc.) Did you get an invitation to the party?
a key to (a door)/ an answer to (a question)/ a reply to (a letter)/ a reaction to ... Do you think we’ll find a solution to the problem?
His attitude to/towards his job is very negative. |
a connection/ contact with Do you have a good relationship with your parents? The police want to question a man in connection with the robbery. BUT: a relationship/ a connection/ contact/ a difference between two things or people The police believe that there is no connection between the two crimes. There are some differences between British and American English. |
Preposition + Noun
On business, on holiday, on a journey, on a trip, on a tour |
We are on a coach tour of Europe. |
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In cash, by check, by credit card |
It’s cheaper if you pay in cash. Can I pay by credit card? |
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In writing, in pen/biro, in felt-tip pen, in pencil, in ink |
Could you confirm this in writing? |
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For sale, on the market |
The house next door is for sale. It’s the best hi-fi on the market. |
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On TV, on the radio, on the phone, on the Internet |
Mark is at the phone at the moment. |
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On the whole, in general |
On the whole, it’s a good idea but... People in general aren’t very much interested in politics. |
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In advance, up to date (современный; новейший), out of date (устарелый) |
The company wants us to pay for the goods in advance. Oh, no! My passport is out of date! These latest figures are up to date |
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In my opinion, from my point of view |
All sport is silly in my opinion. Mathew never sees things from Emma’s point of view. |
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On purpose, by mistake, by chance, by accident |
I pressed the wrong button by mistake. We didn’t arrange to meet. We met by chance in the street. |
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On the way – по пути, по дороге |
I’m driving into town. I’ll get some petrol on the way. On the way home, he dropped in a shop to buy something for a meal. |
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In the way – мешать |
We couldn’t get past because there was a car in the way. |
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By air/bicycle/bike/boat/bus/car/coach/taxi/tube/ferry (паром)/ helicopter/hovercraft (тр. ср-во на воздушной подушке) /plane/rail/sea/ ship/train |
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In the car/my car/your car/a helicopter/a taxi |
On my bicycle/bike, the boat, the bus, the ferry, the hovercraft, the plane, the ship, the train
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Noun + Preposition
A way of travelling An answer to (the problem) An interest in (smth) Your ability in maths A cheap alternative to leather. An attack on the government My attitude to/towards him. A belief in God. Some damage to the car. A difficulty over/with visa. |
The cause of the accident. The cost of living. An example of this Some experience of selling An expert on computers No hope of winning An invitation to the party. Some knowledge of Greek A lack of money Something the matter with you |
Your opinion of the film The price of food The reason for the delay Respect for the environment A student of chemistry A substitute for meat Success at golf/in my search A tax on alcohol Having trouble with my teeth A new method of storing data
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Connection, difference; increase, reduction |
One thing has a link with another: A connection with another crime His relationship with Emma The contrast with yesterday’s weather IN: before the thing that is increasing or decreasing An increase/rise in the price A reduction/fall in the number of unemployed
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There is a link between two things: A connection between the two crimes The relationship between him and Emma The contrast/difference between town and country OF: before the amount of the increase or decrease An increase/rise of 10 pounds A reduction /fall of 3 % |
Need, wish Nouns meaning 'need', 'wish' or 'request' can have for after them.
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There’s a need for more houses Appetite for Need for Taste for Application for
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There was no demand for the product Demand for Desire for Preference for Request for Wish for
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Good, bad to (attitude to others)
To talk about a person's ability, we use good at, bad at, etc.
Good at tennis Brilliant at crosswords Bad at games Hopeless at cooking
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To talk about whether something makes you healthy or ill, we use good for and bad for.
Oranges are good for you Smoking is bad for you |
For behaviour towards another person, we use good to, kind to, nice to, polite to and rude to. My friends have been good to me. You were very rude to the waitress. |
Some more expressions with other
Accustomed to (the noise) Aware of (the facts) Capable of (looking after myself) Famous for (her film roles) Ready for (the big day)
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adjectives
Fit for (work) Full of (water) Guilty of( murder) Involved in (a project) Prepared for (action) Used to (the traffic) |
Responsible for (running a business) Safe from (attack) The same as (before) Similar to (my idea) Typical of (David) |
Adjective + Preposition
Kind/good/generous/polite/ silly/ stupid. It’s stupid of her to go out on such cold weather.
They have always been very kind/nice to me. Why were you so unfriendly to Tessa? |
angry/annoyed/furious about smth. BUT angry/annoyed/furious with smb. for smth. It’s stupid to get angry about things that don’t matter. Are you annoyed with me for being late?
Carol is upset about not being invited to the party.
I was delighted with the present he gave me. Were you disappointed with your exam results? |
Surprised / shocked/ amazed/ astonished AT/BY smth. Everybody was surprised at /by the news. I hope you weren’t shocked at/by what I said.
I am very impressed with/by her French. It’s very good.
I don’t enjoy my job any more. I’m fed up with it. /’m bored with it. |
I’m sorry about the noise last night. We were having a party.
I’m sorry I shouted at you yesterday.
I feel sorry for George. He has a lot of problems. |
Adjective + preposition (2)
Adj. + of |
Adj. + of |
Adj. + at/to/from/in/on/ with/for |
Are you afraid of dogs? – Yes, I’m terrified of them.
Why are you so jealous of other people?
He didn’t trust me. He was suspicious of my intentions.
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Did you know he was married? – No, I wasn’t aware of that.
Are you sure you are capable of passing the examinations?
The letter he wrote was full of mistakes. I’m a bit of short of money. Can you lend me some?
He’s late again. It’s typical of him to keep everybody waiting.
Come on, let’s go. I’m tired of waiting.
I think she’s arriving this evening but I’m not sure of that( about that). |
I’m not very good at repairing things.
Linda is married to an American. Linda is married with three children. ( she is married and has 3 children)
Your writing is similar to mine.
The film was different from what I’d expected. ( or different to what I’d expected.
Are you interested in art?
We stayed at home because Kathy wasn’t very keen on going out.
I don’t want to be dependent on anybody.
The city centre was crowded with tourists. ( full of tourists)
The Italian city of Florence is famous for its art treasures.
Who was responsible for all that noise last night? |