- •Part II Texts for Supplementary Reading
- •Предисловие
- •The main parts of the computer
- •Using a mouse
- •Lesson 2
- •Word-building (словообразование) (1)
- •K eyboard
- •Windows program keyboard shortcuts
- •Lesson 3
- •Buses and interfaces
- •Word-building (2)
- •Lesson 4
- •Structure (phrases)
- •A) “hardware”
- •B) “data”
- •Lesson 5
- •What is a microprocessor?
- •Pentium, pentium pro, pentium II and pentium III
- •Lesson 6
- •Word-building (3)
- •Lesson 7
- •General dram concepts
- •Structure ( 2)
- •Lesson 8
- •Storage media
- •Word-building (4)
- •Incompatible, unrecoverable, unavailable, unusable, unsuitable, non-removable, non-contiguous, non-volatile.
- •Structure (3)
- •Lesson 9
- •«Ware» terms
- •Software, hardware, freeware, shareware, firmware;
- •Section II. Software lesson 10
- •Structure (4) Ex.2 a) Read the sentences and analyze their structure:
- •Programming language generations
- •Lesson 11
- •Word-building (5)
- •What is object-oriented software?
- •Inheritance
- •Object-oriented languages
- •Lesson 12
- •General operating system concepts
- •Wysiwyg – structure (5)
- •Imperative sentences (commands and instructions) :
- •Starting and quitting windows nt
- •2.Using the desktop
- •Ex.5 Translate into English:
- •Ex.6 Say a few words about:
- •Revision (sructure)
- •Lesson 14
- •Ex.3 Translate into English:
- •Config.Sys commands
- •Ex.6 Agree or disagree:
- •Lesson 15
- •Ex.1 Translate the following technologies into Russian:
- •Ex.2 a) Read and translate into Russian:
- •Ex.5 Read and translate into Russian: operating system overview
- •Operating systems and file systems
- •Lesson 16
- •General database concepts
- •Ex.4 Choose the right synonym to the word ‘query’: a) requirement; b) retrieval; c) request.
- •Section III. Networking lesson 17
- •What is a network?
- •How are networks categorized?
- •How does p2p work?
- •Information transmission media
- •Lesson 18
- •Computing network components
- •Ex.10 Read and translate into Russian:
- •Ex.11 Translate into English:
- •Lesson 19
- •The internet
- •Internet protocols
- •Surfing The Net. By Shirley.
- •Lesson 20
- •Basic security and licensing terms
- •How bytes and bits work
- •System case
- •How pci works
- •Motherboard and system devices
- •Graphics adapter
- •How it works
- •System cache
- •Ethernet
- •Traditional ethernet
- •Fast ethernet
- •Gigabit ethernet
- •How a computer virus works
- •General virus types
- •All maliicous codes aren’t viruses
- •Intel software license agreement (Final, Single User) (abstract)
- •Glossary
- •Defragment
- •Device Driver
- •Formatting
- •Operating system
- •Plug-n-Play
- •Program
- •Vesa Local Bus
- •Virtual Memory
- •It Crossword Puzzle
- •Answer keys
- •It Crossword Puzzle
- •English-russian vocabulary англо-русский словарь о пользовании словарем
- •The English Alphabet
- •List of acronyms and abbreviations
- •1. Terms used in computer field
- •2. Basic abbreviations used in scientific field
- •3.Irregular verbs
- •Bibliography Основная литература
- •Справочная литература
Information transmission media
There are the following types of cables:
Coaxial
Twisted-Pair
Unshielded Twisted-Pair (UTP)
Shielded Twisted-Pair (STP)
Fiber-Optic
1 . Coaxial cable is the kind of copper cable used by cable TV companies between the community antenna and user homes and businesses. It is also widely installed for use in business and corporation Ethernet and other types of local area network. Coaxial cable is called "coaxial" because it includes one physical channel that carries the signal surrounded by another concentric physical channel, both running along the same axis. The outer channel serves as a ground. There are two types of coaxial cables: thinnet (thin-wire Ethernet) and thicknet (standard Ethernet).
Thinnet is a flexible coaxial cable about 0.25-inch thick. It is used for short distance communication. Thinnet coaxial cable can carry a signal up to approximately 185 meters (or about 607 feet) before needing a repeater.
Thicknet is about 0.5-inch in diameter. Typically, thicknet is used as a backbone to connect several smaller thinnet based networks. Thicknet can carry a signal for 500 meters (about 1,640 feet) before needing a repeater.
Twisted pair is the ordinary copper wire that connects home and many business computers to the telephone company. To reduce crosstalk or electromagnetic induction between pairs of wires, two insulated copper wires are twisted around each other. For some business locations, twisted pair is enclosed in a shield that functions as a ground. This is known as shielded twisted pair (STP). Ordinary wire to the home is unshielded twisted pair (UTP).
Optical fiber (or "fiber optic") refers to the medium and the technology associated with the transmission of information as light pulses along a glass or plastic wire or fiber. Optical fiber carries much more information than copper wire and is in general not subject to electromagnetic interference and the need to retransmit signals. Single mode fiber is used for longer distances; multimode fiber is used for shorter distances.
Ex.11 Work in pairs. Make up a sentence in Russian. Your partner translates it into English and visa versa.
Ex. 12 Translate into English:
Коаксиальный кабель называется коаксиальным потому что включает два физичских канала вдоль одной оси.
Внешний канал служит заземлением.
Thinnet – это гибкий коаксиальный кабель толщиной в 0.25 дюйма.
Витая пара соединяет компьютеры дома и на предприятиях с телефонными компаниями.
Многомодовое волокно используется на более короткие расстояния.
Lesson 18
Text A. Computing Network Components.
Text B. Network Topology.
Ex.1 Translate into Russian:
Wave, backbone, dedicated, arrangement, responsible, approximately, peer-to-peer, wire, reference, single-mode fiber, shield.
Ex.2 Translate into English:
Свойство, кольцо, защищать, запускать, принадлежать, маркер, искать, звезда, окружать, медный, внешний, ссылаться.
Ex.3 Fill in the blanks:
Networks are usually classified using three properties: _________, _________, and _________. Topology specifies the geometric ________ of the network. Common topologies are a ________, _________, and _________. Protocol specifies a common set of _________ and _________ the computers on the network use to communicate. Most networks use _________, but some networks may use IBM's _________ _________ protocol. Architecture refers to one of the two major types of network architecture: _________and client/server (or server-based ). Sometimes they are used in _________.
Ex.4 Read and memorize the following words:
weak [wi:k] – слабый
(to) amplify [´æmplıfaı] - усиливать
traffic [´træfık] – трафик, поток обмена, рабочая нагрузка
amount [Ə´maunt] – количество
bottleneck [´bɔtlnek] – критический элемент, критический параметр, “узкое место” в системе
excessive [ık´sesıv] – излишний, чрезмерный
route [ru:t] – путь, маршрут, направлять
router - машрутизатор
(to) forward [´fɔ:wƏd] – передавать, ретранслировать
brouter [´bru:tƏ] – мост-машрутизатор
internetworking – организация сети, объединение сети, межсетевое взаимодействие
(to) deliver [dı´lıvƏ] – (пре)доставлять
gateway [´ɡeıtweı] – шлюз
(to) arrive [Ə´raıv] – прибывать
audible [´ɔ:dƏbl] – акустический, звуковой
(to) decide [dı´saıd] – решать
decision [dı´sıʒn] - решение
destination [ˏdestı´neıʃn] – место назначения, адресат, пункт назначения
average [´ævƏrıʤ] - средний
by an average – в среднем
protocol stack – стек (набор) протоколов
external [ek´stƏ:nƏl] – внешний
trunk [trʌnk] – магистраль
detect [dı´tekt] – обнаруживать, находить
error detection – обнаружение ошибок
loop [lu:p] – кольцо, петля, цикл
(data) throughput [´θru:put] – пропускная способность
(to) match [mæʧ] – подходить, соответствовать
verification [ˏverıfı´keıʃn] – верификация, проверка, контроль
Ex.5 Read and translate into Russian: