Міністерство освіти і науки, молоді та спорту України
Львівська державна фінансова академія
Кафедра іноземних мов
Реферат
з навчальної дисципліни ”Іноземна мова”
на тему: “Культурне життя України”
Керівник: Виконав:
Викладач Любицька Л.Г. Студент 105 групи
____________________ Глушко Марта
“____” _________ 2012р. “___”_________ 2012р.
Львів-2012
Сontents
I. Introduction……………………………………………………….3
II. Cultural life of Ukraine:
The Ukrainian language…………………………………….4
The system of education of in Ukraine……………………..4
Architecture in Ukraine……………………………………..5
Ukraine’s official, public and national holidays……………6
Sport in Ukraine………………………………………….....7
Music in Ukraine…………………………………………...8
National food……………………………………………….9
Outstanding people of Ukraine……………………………10
III. Conclusions…………………………………………………….11
IV. Literature………………………………………………………12
Introduction
Ukraine has a very rich and glorious history and culture. It is renowned worldwide for its fertile soils, masterpieces of architecture and art, the beauty of cities, borsch and varenyky, hospitality and generosity of people.
In this paper I refer to the charm and beauty of my country, its language, education, holidays and traditions, sports, music, traditional dishes and Ukrainian citizens who are known throughout the world.
Ukrainian customs are heavily influenced by Christianity, which is the dominant religion in the country. Gender roles also tend to be more traditional, and grandparents play a greater role in raising children than in the West. The culture of Ukraine has been also influenced by its eastern and western neighbours, which is reflected in its architecture, music and art.
Ukraine is a unitary state composed of 24 oblasts (provinces), one autonomous republic (Crimea), and two cities with special status: Kyiv, its capital, and Sevastopol, which houses the Russian Black Sea Fleet under a leasing agreement. Ukraine is a republic under a semi-presidential system with separate legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The country is home to 46.2 million people, 77.8 percent of whom are ethnic Ukrainians, with sizable minorities of Russians, Belarusians and Romanians. The Ukrainian language is the only official language in Ukraine, while Russian is also widely spoken. The dominant religion in the country is Eastern Orthodox Christianity, which has heavily influenced Ukrainian architecture, literature and music.
The Ukrainian language
As one of the largest crossroads in Europe, Ukraine has a diverse array of spoken languages. Of course, Ukraine’s official language is Ukrainian, which is spoken by roughly 67 percent of the population. Ukrainian is a Slavic language and it uses a Cyrillic alphabet when committed to written form.
Perhaps the beauty of the language is that it has persisted as the main language of the country to this day – despite continual persecution from ruling powers. The most noted political interference in this regard occurred during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries when speakers of the language faced persecution. Before this, Imperial Russia had imposed two bans on the language to discourage the speaking of Ukrainian. However, the language survived due to the large number of Ukrainian people who continued to live in the country – especially in the more remote parts of Ukraine. Even during the bans, Ukrainians continued to enjoy folklore songs, kobzars and the works of various great poets.
Today Russian speakers make up the second largest language group in Ukraine – though they occupy a relatively small percentage when compared to those who speak Ukrainian. Other languages spoken in the country include Romanian, Polish and Hungarian, but these minority.