XV. Answer the following questions.

1. What groups do sociologists distinguish?

2. Who was the first to speak on the importance of such distinction?

3. What group is called primary?

4. What is the most important primary group for a child?

5. What groups influence the child's social development?

6. How are secondary groups organized?

7. Give examples of such groups.

8. What group plays an important part in the formation of personality?

9. What does the child receive within the circle of his family and his playmates?

10. What else does he learn there?

XVI. Contradict the following statements. Start your sentence with: “Quite on the contrary...”

1. Primary groups are organized according to special interests of one kind or another.

2. For a young child the school group constitutes the most important group.

3. Secondary groups depend on face to face association.

4. Secondary groups are more characterized with intimate co-operation than primary groups.

5. It is the secondary group that plays the main part in the early formation of personality.

6. Within the secondary group the child receives the direct training as a member of society.

XVII. Ask your friend:

• who drew a distinction between social groups;

• what he understands by a primary group;

• what group the family presents;

• why the primary groups are of major importance in our lives;

• what the strength of primary relationships gives individuals;

• what a secondary group is characterized by;

• what ties individuals share within the secondary group;

• what groups are less significant - primary or secondary;

• in what respect group social exchange is more important.

XVIII. Find in the text the facts to prove that:

1. The family constitutes the most important primary group for a child.

2. Membership in a primary group is an important feature of a child's life.

3. Membership in a secondary group is an important feature of an adult life.

19. Divide the text into logical parts and give a heading to each part.

19. Find a leading sentence in each paragraph of the text.

XXI. Comment on the table:

Primary Groups and Secondary Groups

	Primary group	Secondary group
Quality of relationships	Personal orientation	Goal orientation
Duration of relationships	Usually long-term	Variable; often short-term
Breadth of relationships	Broad; usually involving many activities	Narrow; usually involving few activities
Subjective perception of relationships	As an end in itself	As a means to an end
Typical example	Families; close friendships	Co-workers; political organizations