ЗАДАНИЕ N 1
сообщить
об ошибке
Тема:
Учебная лексика
Success
in one _______ doesn’t influence another.
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subject |
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training aids |
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teaching |
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curriculum |
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ЗАДАНИЕ N 2 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Деловая лексика Bids had to be in by 6.00 and we put ours in ten minutes before the …
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deadline |
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time |
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stock market |
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fringe benefits |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 3 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Профессиональная лексика The ______ of the loan is spread over 25 years.
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repayment |
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income |
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contract |
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increase |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 4 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Термины (Дефиниции) Money paid by a government to reduce the costs of producing goods so that their prices can be kept low is a …
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subsidy |
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tariff |
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franchise |
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tax |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 5 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Словообразование How many means of __________ do you use on a regular basis?
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сommunication |
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сommunicator |
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сommunicable |
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сommunicate |
, ЗАДАНИЕ N 6 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Местоимения There were ______ interesting people at the party last night.
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no |
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any |
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nobody |
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every |
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ЗАДАНИЕ N 7 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий You look ______ today!
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great |
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greatly |
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greatlier |
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the greatest |
, ЗАДАНИЕ N 8 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Существительное They offered me the job because I had much …
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experience |
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certificates |
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degrees |
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ideas |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 9 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Артикли Porcelain was first made by …
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the Chinese |
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a Chinese |
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Chineses |
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Chinese |
, ЗАДАНИЕ N 10 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Предлоги Mary hasn’t seen her distant relatives ________ three years.
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for |
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since |
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from |
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before |
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ЗАДАНИЕ N 11 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Союзы Choose an author ________ you choose a friend.
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as |
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when |
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in case |
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so that |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 12 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Глагол и его формы My youngest brother _______ a new job a week ago.
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got |
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has got |
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gets |
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had got |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 13 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Страдательный залог Most of Shakespeare’s plays _______ in London.
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were written |
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have been writing |
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were being written |
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wrote |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 14 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Неличные формы глагола Before ________ anything you should ask the price.
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buying |
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having bought |
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to buy |
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having been bought |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 15 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Фразовые глаголы I was taken _______ when I heard she’d married him. She’d never loved him.
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aback |
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away |
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on |
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upon |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 16 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Модальные глаголы Quite luckily, Nick’s departure was delayed by one day and so we ________ to spend one more evening together.
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were able |
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had |
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ought |
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might |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 17 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Бытовая сфера Выберите реплику, наиболее соответствующую ситуации общения. A: «Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the National Museum?» B: «________________».
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Sorry, I don’t know. |
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It’s over there. |
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I don’t know. |
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Glad to meet you. How do you like London? |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 18 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Профессионально-деловая сфера Выберите реплику, наиболее соответствующую ситуации общения. A: «The table on page four and the one on page seven completely contradict each other». B: «_______________».
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I’m sorry. I will correct this mistake right now. |
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It’s not my fault! |
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Is this our problem? |
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I don’t understand this situation. |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 19 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Учебно-социальная сфера Выберите реплику, наиболее соответствующую ситуации общения. Teacher 1: «_______________». Teacher 2: «I’ll think it over».
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I think you should reconsider your position. |
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I do ask you to reconsider your point of view. |
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I strongly advise you to change your mind. |
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Will you change your opinion? |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 20 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Социально-деловая сфера Выберите реплику, наиболее соответствующую ситуации общения. Agent: «South-West Airways. Myra Davis speaking». Customer: «______________».
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Good afternoon. Can you please tell me how much it costs to fly from Los Angeles to Hong-Kong? |
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Look! I want to know how much it costs to fly from Los Angeles to Hong-Kong. |
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Hi, I need some info about the price of the flight from Los Angeles to Hong-Kong. |
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Hi. Would you like to fly to Hong-Kong with me? |
, ЗАДАНИЕ N 21 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Великобритания The capital of Northern Ireland is …
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Belfast |
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Cardiff |
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Dublin |
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Edinburgh |
, ЗАДАНИЕ N 22 сообщить об ошибке Тема: США The main industry of Washington D. C. is …
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government |
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aircraft |
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textiles |
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armaments |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 23 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Канада Lady of the Snows is another name for …
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Vancouver |
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Montreal |
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Toronto |
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Ottawa |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 24 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Выдающиеся личности англо-говорящих стран The first woman to hold the office of prime minister of Great Britain was …
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Margaret Thatcher |
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Vivien Leigh |
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Hillary Clinton |
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Condoleezza Rice |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 25 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Поисковое чтение с целью определения наличия в тексте запрашиваемой информации Прочитайте текст и выполните задания. Neoclassical Economics 1. The most remarkable feature of neoclassical economics is that it reduces many broad categories of market phenomena to considerations of individual choice and, in this way, suggests that the science of economics can be firmly grounded on the basic individual act of subjectively choosing among alternatives. 2. Neoclassical economics began with the so-called marginalist revolution in value theory that emerged toward the end of the nineteenth century. Strictly speaking, neoclassical economics is not a school of thought (in the sense of a well-defined group of economists following a single great master) but more a loose amalgam of subschools of thought, each revolving around such acknowledged masters as Alfred Marshall in England, Leon Walras in France, and Carl Menger in Austria. 3. In England there was established the Cambridge school – a variant of neoclassical economics that stressed continuity with the past achievements of the classical school. In France, the general equilibrium school was founded in 1874. This subschool investigated the mathematical conditions under which all markets could be in equilibrium simultaneously. The Austrian subschool focused on the essential problems of economic organization. 4. What these subschools have in common is the importance they attach to explaining the coordinating features of market processes in terms of plans and subjective evaluations carried out by individuals in the market subject to the constraints of technological knowledge, social custom and practice, and scarcity of resources. Определите, какое утверждение соответствует содержанию текста.
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Neoclassical economists simplified many broad categories of market phenomena. |
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Neoclassical economics is considered to be a school of thought. |
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Neoclassical economics began when economists from Austria, France and England met. |
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Neoclassical economics subschools have the same leader. |
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,Завершите утверждение согласно содержанию текста. All the subschools of Neoclassical economics paid great attention to the analysis of …
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coordinating features of market processes in terms of plans and subjective evaluations |
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continuity with the past achievements of the classical school |
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the mathematical conditions under which all markets could be in equilibrium |
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the importance of economizing action in shaping economic institutions in the market |
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ЗАДАНИЕ N 27 сообщить об ошибке ,Ответьте на вопрос: What caused the beginning of neoclassical economics?
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Marginalist revolution did. |
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Classical economics did. |
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The school of thought did. |
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The general equilibrium school did. |
,Определите основную идею текста.
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Various subschools of neoclassical economics are amalgamated by the ideas of marginalist revolution, individual choice and subjective evaluations, and coordinating features of market processes. |
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Neoclassical economics is a loose amalgam of subschools of thought, each revolving around such acknowledged masters as Alfred Marshall in England, Leon Walras in France, and Carl Menger in Austria. |
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Neoclassical economics reduced many broad categories of market phenomena to considerations of individual choice and suggested that the science of economics could be firmly grounded on the basic individual act. |
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The Cambridge school organized by Alfred Marshall is a variant of neoclassical economics that stressed continuity with the past achievements of the classical school. |
, ЗАДАНИЕ N 29 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Оформление делового письма Расположите части делового письма в правильном порядке.
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RockwayApartments Northtown, MI 22221 |
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10 October 2008 |
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Dept. Of English Idaho State College Boise, ID 99999 |
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Dear Prof. Green: |
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Thank you for your invitation to the conference. We appreciate your care and consideration. |
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Yours sincerely, |
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A. Springer |
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ЗАДАНИЕ N 30
сообщить
об ошибке
Тема:
Оформление конверта
Перед
Вами конверт.
Соотнесите
информацию под определенным номером
на конверте с тем, что она обозначает.
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the sender |
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the town the letter comes from |
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the country the letter comes from |
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the addressee’s house number |
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the town in the mailing address |
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the country in the mailing address |
Решение:
Для
того чтобы правильно выполнить это
задание, следует знать правила оформления
адреса на конверте.
Формат конверта:
ЗАДАНИЕ N 31
сообщить
об ошибке
Тема:
Оформление резюме, письма-заявления,
письма-уведомления, письма-запроса,
контракта, служебной записки
Определите,
к какому виду делового документа
относится представленный ниже отрывок.
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Resume |
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Memo |
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Advertising letter |
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Inquiry Letter |
Решение: Основная цель резюме – предоставить информацию об учебе, опыте работы и достижениях претендента на получение должности.
ЗАДАНИЕ
N 32
сообщить
об ошибке
Тема:
Оформление электронного сообщения,
факса, меморандума (служебной
записки)
Выберите
слова или словосочетания для заполнения
пропусков так, чтобы они отражали
особенности оформления служебной
записки:
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From |
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10 April |
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Subject |
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personnel@cam.uk |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 1 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Учебная лексика At the end of program of instruction the teacher must _______ its results before moving to the next cycle of teaching events.
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assess |
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acquire |
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develop |
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apply |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 2 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Деловая лексика The company made a public _______ that the prices would decrease.
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announcement |
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advertisement |
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appointment |
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broadcast |
, ЗАДАНИЕ N 3 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Профессиональная лексика If you can’t pay the whole sum of money for the product immediately you can use a ______ payment.
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deferred |
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advance |
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interest |
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prompt |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 4 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Термины (Дефиниции) The difference between the buying and selling price of goods is …
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a profit margin |
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cost |
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a balance |
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equilibrium |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 5 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Словообразование She was so ________ that she lost all her money at the casino.
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unlucky |
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luck |
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lucky |
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luckily |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 6 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Местоимения She gave him _______ water to wash his hands and face.
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a little |
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many |
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few |
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a few |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 7 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий Out of all the students in my music school, I practise …
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most often |
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more often |
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the most often |
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often |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 8 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Существительное The Russian people _______ invincible.
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is |
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don’t |
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can |
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becoming |
,, ЗАДАНИЕ N 9 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Артикли St. Bernard dogs are named after a monastery high up in …
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the Alps |
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a Alps |
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an Alps |
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Alps |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 10 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Предлоги They discussed, ________ other things, recent events in Europe.
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among |
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between |
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by |
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at |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 11 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Союзы Children are allowed to use the swimming pool _______ they are with an adult.
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provided |
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in spite of the fact that |
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though |
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unless |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 12 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Глагол и его формы By the time we all returned from holiday father and Bob _______ redecorating the kitchen.
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had finished |
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finished |
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has finished |
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have finished |
, ЗАДАНИЕ N 13 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Страдательный залог Most of Shakespeare’s plays _______ in London.
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were written |
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have been writing |
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were being written |
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wrote |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 14 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Неличные формы глагола Would you be so kind as _______ me move the sofa?
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to help |
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help |
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helping |
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being helped |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 15 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Фразовые глаголы I hope nobody disturbs me; my favourite television programme will be ______ in five minutes.
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off |
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out |
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away |
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in |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 16 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Модальные глаголы I bought everything we need yesterday so I ________ go shopping today.
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don’t have to |
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mustn’t |
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shouldn’t |
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ought not to |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 17 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Бытовая сфера Выберите реплику, наиболее соответствующую ситуации общения. A: «Many happy returns of the day, Mary! Here’s your birthday present». B: «__________________».
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Thanks a lot. I’m very grateful to you! |
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Thank you. The same to you. |
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Thank you very much. My congratulations! |
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Thanks awfully. It’s my birthday today! |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 18 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Профессионально-деловая сфера Выберите реплику, наиболее соответствующую ситуации общения. Manager: «Your promotion has been declined». Employee: «_______________».
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Sorry to hear that, but thank you for the information. |
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You must be kidding me. |
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Don’t say that! |
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But I work so hard. |
, ЗАДАНИЕ N 19 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Учебно-социальная сфера Выберите реплику, наиболее соответствующую ситуации общения. Dean: «_________________». Teacher (subordinate): «So am I».
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Glad to see you! |
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I didn’t expect to meet you here. |
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Oh, it’s you. |
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What’s new? |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 20 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Социально-деловая сфера Выберите реплику, наиболее соответствующую ситуации общения. Agent: «British Railways. Can I help you?» Customer: «______________».
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Good afternoon. Can you give me the times of fast trains to Edinburgh, please? |
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Look! I want to know the times of fast trains to Edinburgh. |
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Hi, I need some info about the times of fast trains to Edinburgh. |
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Hi. Can I buy two tickets to this performance? |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 21 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Великобритания The largest city in Britain which will host the Summer Olympics in 2012 is …
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London |
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Manchester |
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Sheffield |
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Glasgow |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 22 сообщить об ошибке Тема: США As the Americans are made up from nearly all races and nations the USA is often called the …
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«melting pot» |
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«cosmopolitan race» |
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«multinational place» |
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«mixture point» |
, ЗАДАНИЕ N 23 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Канада Canada’s official national sport in summer is …
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lacrosse |
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golf |
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football |
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volleyball |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 24 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Выдающиеся личности англо-говорящих стран An American civil rights leader who fought through nonviolent action is …
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Martin Luther King |
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John Kennedy |
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Thomas Paine |
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Henry Ford |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 25 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Поисковое чтение с целью определения наличия в тексте запрашиваемой информации Прочитайте текст и выполните задания. Channels of Marketing 1. Individual consumers and corporate buyers are aware that thousands of goods and services are available through a very large number of diverse channel outlets. What they may not be well aware of is the fact that the channel structure, or the set of institutions, agencies, and establishments through which the product must move to get to them, can be amazingly complex. 2. Usually, institutions specializing in manufacturing, wholesaling, retailing, and many other areas join forces in marketing channel arrangements to make possible the delivery of goods to industrial users or customers and to final consumers. The same is true for the marketing of services. For example, in the case of health care delivery, hospitals, laboratories, insurance companies, and drugstores combine efforts in an organized channel arrangement to ensure the delivery of a critical service. 3. Therefore, marketing channels can be viewed as sets of interdependent organizations involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption. Not only do marketing channels satisfy demand by supplying goods and services at the right place, quantity, quality, and price, but they also stimulate demand through the promotional activities of the units (e.g., retailers, manufacturers' representatives, sales offices, and wholesalers) comprising them. 4. The major focus of marketing channel management is on delivery. Producers of goods (including manufacturers of industrial and consumer goods, legislators, educational administrators and insurance companies) are individually capable of generating only form or structural utility for their «products». Определите, какое утверждение соответствует содержанию текста.
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Many business partners coordinate their efforts to make possible the delivery of goods. |
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Channels of marketing are of less importance and effectiveness in health care delivery. |
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Legislators are the only organizations that do not use the channels of marketing. |
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The only aim of marketing channels is to supply goods and services. |
, Завершите утверждение согласно содержанию текста. Marketing channels raise demand through the joint efforts of …
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retailers, wholesalers and sales offices |
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hospitals, laboratories, insurance companies |
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legislators, educational administrators and insurance companies |
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retailers, insurance companies and legislators |
,Ответьте на вопрос: What does the structure of channel outlets consist of ?
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It consists of establishments through which the goods are delivered to consumers. |
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It consists of a number of individual consumers and organized buyers. |
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It consists of a set of hospitals, laboratories, insurance companies, and drugstores. |
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It consists of legislators, educational administrators and insurance companies. |
, Определите основную идею текста.
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Marketing channel is a complex network of joined independent organizations with the purpose of delivering goods and services and increasing demand. |
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Marketing channels stimulate demand through the promotional activities of retailers, manufacturers' representatives, sales offices, and wholesalers. |
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Public and private goods could be available for consumption only through distribution through different marketing channels. |
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Legislators, educational administrators and insurance companies use the channels of marketing to distribute their products. |
,
ЗАДАНИЕ N 29 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Оформление делового письма Расположите части делового письма в правильном порядке.
1 |
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30 Empire Drive Manchester M6 2PQ |
2 |
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8 March 2008 |
3 |
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Mr Davis Assistant manager Transworld Frieght 74 Dockside Manchester M12 7BJ |
4 |
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Dear Mr Davis, |
5 |
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I saw your advertisement for an Export manager in the Daily herald of 7 March and I would like to apply for the position. |
6 |
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Yours sincerely, |
7 |
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Geoffrey Andrews |
,
ЗАДАНИЕ N 30
сообщить
об ошибке
Тема:
Оформление конверта
Перед
Вами конверт.
Соотнесите
информацию под определенным номером
на конверте с тем, что она обозначает.
1 |
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the house number in the return address |
2 |
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the town the letter comes from |
3 |
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the addressee |
4 |
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the street name in the mailing address |
5 |
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the town in the mailing address |
6 |
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the country in the mailing address |
,
ЗАДАНИЕ N 31
сообщить
об ошибке
Тема:
Оформление резюме, письма-заявления,
письма-уведомления, письма-запроса,
контракта, служебной записки
Определите,
к какому виду делового документа
относится представленный ниже отрывок.
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Letter of Complaint |
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Memo |
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Inquiry Letter |
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Cover Letter |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 32
сообщить
об ошибке
Тема:
Оформление электронного сообщения,
факса, меморандума (служебной
записки)
Выберите
слова или словосочетания для заполнения
пропусков так, чтобы они отражали
особенности оформления служебной
записки:
1 |
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From |
2 |
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23 September |
3 |
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Subject |
4 |
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mail@cam.ac.uk |
Решение: Для того чтобы правильно выполнить это задание, следует знать принципы организации текста электронного сообщения, факса, меморандума (служебной записки). Структура служебной записки, факса, электронного сообщения: кому (с указанием фамилии, имени и должности адресата); от кого (с указанием фамилии, имени и должности автора); дата (название месяца – словами, можно использовать принятые сокращения, но не цифры); тема; основная часть служебной записки; подпись (возможны варианты: имя/должность автора/авторов служебной записки).
ЗАДАНИЕ N 1 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Учебная лексика His ________ on tests did not allow him to go on with studies.
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scores |
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numbers |
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figures |
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items |
, ЗАДАНИЕ N 2 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Деловая лексика They managed to buy the equipment for less than the asking …
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price |
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value |
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cost |
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amount |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 3 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Профессиональная лексика The ______ of the loan is spread over 25 years.
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repayment |
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income |
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contract |
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increase |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 4 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Термины (Дефиниции) The difference between the buying and selling price of goods is …
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a profit margin |
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cost |
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a balance |
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equilibrium |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 5 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Словообразование London is home to one of the United Kingdom’s most important ______, the Queen.
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residents |
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residence |
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reside |
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residentiary |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 6 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Местоимения There were ______ interesting people at the party last night.
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no |
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any |
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nobody |
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every |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 7 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий Life is getting …
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harder and harder |
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as hard as |
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hardly |
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more and more hard |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 8 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Существительное The staff of our hospital includes qualified …
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women-doctors |
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woman-doctors |
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womans-doctor |
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women-doctor |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 9 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Артикли You could buy ________ at $500 in those days.
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A Picasso |
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The Picasso |
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an Picasso |
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Picasso |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 10 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Предлоги Walk ________ the station, but turn right a couple of blocks before you get there.
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towards |
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in |
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from |
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into |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 11 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Союзы She wouldn’t forgive him ________ all his apologies.
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despite |
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after |
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in case |
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for |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 12 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Глагол и его формы I slipped away while the others …
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were having lunch |
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had lunch |
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are having lunch |
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had had lunch |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 13 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Страдательный залог Books _______ for centuries to preserve and distribute information.
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have been used |
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are used |
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are being used |
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have been using |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 14 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Неличные формы глагола Would you be so kind as _______ me move the sofa?
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to help |
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help |
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helping |
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being helped |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 15 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Фразовые глаголы The customs officer went through their bags looking _______ drugs.
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for |
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out |
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in |
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after |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 16 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Модальные глаголы We ________ to hurry or we’ll be late.
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ought |
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were |
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shall be allowed |
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had |
, ЗАДАНИЕ N 17 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Бытовая сфера Выберите реплику, наиболее соответствующую ситуации общения. A: «Would you wait half an hour, please?» B: «____________».
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All right. |
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Yes, please. |
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Yes, I would. |
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Yes, I’ll wait. |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 18 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Профессионально-деловая сфера Выберите реплику, наиболее соответствующую ситуации общения. A: «Excuse me. Can I talk to Mr Nolan?» B: «_____________».
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I’m afraid, Mr Nolan is out. |
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We don’t have such a person. |
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Who’s asking? |
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What? |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 19 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Учебно-социальная сфера Выберите реплику, наиболее соответствующую ситуации общения. Teacher (colleague): «I have some problems with the Internet. Will you e-mail my article to the editor?» Teacher (colleague): «_____________».
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Yes, of course. |
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You seem to know better. |
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It’s out of the question! |
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I'd be glad to. What’s up? |
, ЗАДАНИЕ N 20 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Социально-деловая сфера Выберите реплику, наиболее соответствующую ситуации общения. Receptionist: «Just a moment, please, while I check. You have a reservation for a three-room suite for tonight» Guest: «_____________?»
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I’m afraid there’s been a mistake. I only asked for a single room, not a suite. |
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What?! I didn’t ask for a suite. |
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You must be kidding me. I don’t need a suite. |
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I will book a room here. |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 21 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Великобритания The Irish Sea separates Great Britain from …
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Ireland |
|
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England |
|
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|
France |
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Scotland |
, ЗАДАНИЕ N 22 сообщить об ошибке Тема: США The two major parties in the US are the …
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|
|
Republicans and the Democrats |
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|
|
Republicans and the Socialists |
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Democrats and the Socialists |
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Democrats and the Conservatives |
ЗАДАНИЕ N 23 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Канада There are ________ provinces and territories in Canada.
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thirteen |
|
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ten |
|
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eleven |
|
|
|
twelve |
,
ЗАДАНИЕ N 24 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Выдающиеся личности англо-говорящих стран A famous American writer of wit short stories with clever twist endings is …
|
|
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O. Henry |
|
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|
Graham Green |
|
|
|
Ernest Hemingway |
|
|
|
F. Scott Fitzgerald |
, ЗАДАНИЕ N 25 сообщить об ошибке Тема: Поисковое чтение с целью определения наличия в тексте запрашиваемой информации Прочитайте текст и выполните задания. Market Economies 1. In a true market economy the government plays no role in the management of the economy, the government does not intervene in it. The system is based on private enterprise with private ownership of the means of production and private supplies of capital, which can be defined as surplus income available for investment in new business activities. Workers are paid wages by employers according to how skilled they are and how many firms wish to employ them. They spend their wages on the products and services they need. Consumers are willing to spend more on products and services, which are favoured. Firms producing these goods will make more profits and this will persuade more firms to produce these particular goods rather than less favoured ones. 2. Thus, in a market economy consumers decide what is to be produced. Consumers will be willing to pay high prices for products they particularly desire. Firms, which are privately owned, see the opportunity of increased profits and produce the new fashionable and favoured products. 3. Such a system is, at first view, very attractive. The economy adjusts automatically to meet changing demands. No planners have to be employed, which allows more resources to be available for production. Firms tend to be highly competitive in such an environment. New advanced products and low prices are good ways to increase sales and profits. Since all firms are privately owned they try to make the largest profits possible. Определите, какое утверждение соответствует содержанию текста.
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A market economy easily adjusts to changing demands. |
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The government plays an important role in market economies. |
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New advanced products and low prices decrease prices. |
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Private companies have no stimulus to produce goods. |
,Завершите утверждение согласно содержанию текста. Private firms in market economies try to …
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|
|
make a profit |
|
|
|
spend more on products and services |
|
|
|
produce less favoured products |
|
|
|
change demands |
Решение: Для того чтобы правильно выполнить задание, следует знать алгоритм обработки текстовой информации и, прочитав текст, завершить утверждение согласно содержанию текста. Утверждение «Private firms in market economies try to…» («При рыночной экономике частные фирмы стараются…») следует закончить вариантом ответа «make a profit» («получить прибыль»), так как именно это утверждение соответствует содержанию текста. Согласно тексту: «Since all firms are privately owned they try to make the largest profits possible» («Поскольку все фирмы являются частными, то они стараются получить как можно большую прибыль») (фрагмент 3).
, Ответьте на вопрос: In what way do changing demands affect production in a market economy?
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Consumers are ready to pay money for fashionable products, private companies are ready to produce these products to get profits. |
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Consumers are ready to get money for fashionable products, private companies are ready to produce these products to get profits. |
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Private companies are ready to pay money for fashionable products, consumers are ready to produce these products to get profits. |
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Private companies are ready to get money for fashionable products, consumers are ready to produce these products to get profits. |