The Russia's Territory

The Russia's territory is 17.075 million square kilometers, with the population of 146.5 million people. There are 1,030 towns and cities in this country. Moscow, with 9 million people, is its capital.

Russia occupies a sizeable part of the European and Asian continents. It is washed by the seas of the Arctic Ocean in the north and those of the Pacific Ocean in the east. It borders on the Baltic Republics and some European countries in the west and on Asian countries in the south.

The main Russian rivers are: the Volga, the Lena, the Yenisei, the Amur, the Don, the Ob'. They all flow into seas.

The greatest lakes in the world (the Caspian Sea and Lake Baikal) are situated in Russia.

The most famous mountains in Russia are the Urals.

There are 150 volcanoes in Kamchatka Peninsula, 30 of which are active.

The main cities of Russia are: Moscow, St Petersburg, Krasno­yarsk, Ufa, Rostov-on-Don, Vladivostok. Many villages in Russia are fa­mous for their specific crafts: painted boxes in Palekh, wooden tableware in Khokhloma, and toys in Dymkovo.

Exercises

I. Find the English equivalents in the text.

Крупнейшие озера, знаменитые горы, впадать в моря, быть знаменитым, специфические ремесла, деревянная посуда, граничить с Балтийскими республиками, действующий вулкан, европейские и азиатские государства, около 9 миллионов.

II. Answer the questions.

1.What is the population of Russia?

2. What are Russian villages famous for?

3. What is the area of Russia?

4. What countries does Russia border on?

5.What oceans is Russia washed by?

6. What are the greatest lakes of Russia?

7. What are the main rivers of Russia?

8. What city is called the Northern capital of Russia?

Задание 6

Студент должен:

• Ознакомиться и овладеть новой лексикой

• Прочитать и перевести текст «Государственное устройство России» («Russian Federation State system»)

• Выполнить задание (найти английские эквиваленты в тексте)

• Ответить на вопросы

Words to know

collapse — крах judicial — судебный

elect — выбирать Upper Chamber — верхняя палата

Lower Chamber — нижняя палата bill — законопроект

veto — наложить вето make treaty — заключать договор

enforce law — проводить в жизнь закон

two-headed eagle — двуглавый орел appoint — назначать

legislative — законодательный meanwhile — между тем

executive — исполнительный stripe — полоса

Constitutional Court — Конституционный Суд

Supreme Commander-in-Chief - Верховный главнокомандующий

Russian Federation State System

The Russian Federation is set up by the Constitution of 1993 after the collapse of the Soviet Union. According to the Constitution Russia is a Presidential Republic. The President is elected for four years and is the head of the State.

The President is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, he makes treaties, enforces laws and appoints ministers."

The Federal Government consists of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. All of them are checked by the President.

The legislative power is represented by the Federal Assembly. It consists of two chambers. The Upper Chamber is the Council of Federation, the Lower Chamber is the State Duma.

To become a law a bill must be approved by both chambers and signed by the President. The President may veto the bill. The executive power belongs to the Government which is headed by the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister forms his Cabinet.

The judicial branch is represented by the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and regional courts.

The State symbol of Russia is a three-coloured banner with three horizontal stripes: white, blue and red. The white stripe symbolizes the earth, the blue one—the sky, and the red one symbolizes liberty.

The hymn of Russia is The Patriotic Song by Mikhail Glinka.

A new National Emblem is a two-headed eagle which is the most ancient symbol of Russia. All these symbols have been approved by the Federal Assembly.

Russian is the state language of Russia. It is spoken throughout the whole territory of the Russian Federation. Meanwhile each Republic within Russia has its own national language.

Questions

1. When was the new Constitution of the Russian Federation adopted?

2. Is the legislative power represented by the Federal Assembly?

3. What chambers does the Federal Assembly consist of?

4. What is the Russian Federation State system according to the Constitution?

5. Whom does the executive power belong to?

6. For how long is the President elected?

7. Who is the head of the Government?

8. What is the structure of the Federal Government?

9. What is the judicial branch of power represented by?

Задание 7

Студент должен:

• Ознакомиться и овладеть новой лексикой

• Прочитать и перевести текст «Экономика в России » («The Economy»)

• Ответить на вопросы

Words to know

populous — населенный inefficient — неэффективный

produce — производить goods — товары

timber — лесоматериал gap — расхождение

development — развитие home — отечественный

craft — ремесло world market — мировой рынок

brick — кирпич dependent — зависимый

china — фарфор expanded — расширенный

encourage — поддерживать mismanagement — плохое управление

reign — царствование, власть conservation — сохранение

deal — сделка disaster — катастрофа

grain — зерно curtail — сократить

disposal — размещение waste — отходы