Index

Symbols

3D face database 181, 188

3D facial animation 181

3D facial modeling 181, 182, 184, 189

3D facial models 181

3D models 184, 188, 189, 190

A

AAA(Authentication, Authorization and Accounting) 277

acoustical environment 163 actual technology 96

Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) 26, 261 Advanced Military Education – Distance

Learning (AME-DL) 258 AIML parser 155

answer sheet statistic table (ASST) 54 Apache Software Foundation (ASF) 72 architectural design 1

artificial intelligence (AI) 210 Artificial Intelligence Markup Language

(AIML) 147, 150 artificial tutoring 109

attention-sharing techniques 126, 127, 128, 140, 142, 143, 144

authoring tool 108, 110, 118, 119, 120, 122 Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) 148

B

Bayesian Network(BN) 307 BBS forum systems 2, 3, 4, 7 BBS online community 3 black-box approach 4

blog 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75 bloggers 70

broadband network connection 1 Bulletin Board (BB) 225

Bulletin Board System (BBS) 2, 3

C

Cable News Network’s (CNN) 169 Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) 33 Case-Base Reasoning 155 client-server architecture 4 client-server database design 2, 4

collaborative distance learning architecture 21 collaborative e-learning 67, 68, 74, 75 collaborative learning (CL) 52, 53, 65, 66,

148 complex-games 209

computational model 109, 110 computer-aided wargame scenario 265 computer-assisted tool 58, 59 computer-based learning system 181 computer concept 296, 307 Computer Engineering (CE) 82 computer game-based learning 207 Computer Interface 237

computing environment 21, 26 concept-based model 53

concept hierarchy 239, 240, 244, 245 content aggregation model (CAM) 26 context-proofreading system 297 CORAL system 53

CSCL (Computer-Supported Collaborate Learning) 213

D

data replication 2, 3, 8, 11, 15, 16, 17 data-sharing applications 131

Index

data transport protocol 13, 14 decision making 267

Department of Defense (DoD) 259 digital course 1

Digital multimeter 99, 100, 105 disjunctive form 35

distance education 108

Distance-Learning (DL) 32, 39, 42, 223, 237, 259

DL program 259, 260 DL synonymous 259

E

education-in-game approach 217 e-learning content 148, 151

e-learning environment architectures 28 e-learning framework

239, 240, 242, 243, 244, 255 e-learning system 223, 236, 265 e-learning technology 67

Excel Calculation Service (ECS) 264

F

face-to-face 210, 216 face-to-face classes 223 face-to-face communication 181 face-to-face groups 68 face-to-face instruction 196 facial animation 181, 184

file transfer protocol (FTP) 26 Folklore-based learning 212, 220

Forum Processing Module development 2 frequent answers and questions (FAQs) 33

G

game system 210 Globus Middleware 26

graphical knowledge networks 152 Grid Middleware Globus 26

grid platform users 27 Grid portal 28

grid technology 20, 21, 28

H

HTTP protocol 7, 13 human memory (HM) 110

hybrid teaching approach 77

I

information systems (ISs) 58 instructional approach 194 interactive classroom 268, 269, 278 interactive environment 48

Internet protocols (IPs) 126

Internet Voice Searching and Navigating (IVSN) 147, 156

Internet Voice Searching and Navigating (IVSN) system 147

intrinsic motivation 215, 220 IVSN system 157, 163

J

JAVA Agent DEvelopment Framework (JADE) 287

JAVA Agent DEvelopment Framework (JADE) environment 287

Java-based virtual laboratory 94 Java Virtual Machine 96, 104 judgment sub-system 296

K

knowledge-based system (KBS) 72 knowledge-based taxonomic storage 1 knowledge-based taxonomy 3

L

laboratory on natural computing (LVCoN) 77 large-scale distance education 127

learning algorithm 241 learning cycle 68

learning environment 148, 151, 152, 163 Learning grid portal 27

Learning Grid Portal 26, 27 learning-in-context 148

Learning Management System (LMS) 21, 22, 27

learning mechanism 305, 306, 315 learning mode 268, 269, 278 Learning Motivation 237

Learning Object Metadata (LOM) 281 lecture-based courses 87

LVCoN 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 90, 91, 92, 93

M

Markup Language- (XML) based learning 281 matrix equation 97

memory-based parsing

292, 293, 303, 315, 316 memory subsystems 108, 111 meta-rules 34, 39

middleware infrastructure 3 M-learning 148

Mobile computing 278 mobile management 269, 276

model-based tutoring methodology 110 Model repository 264

modular design 126, 129

monitoring and discovery service (MDS) 26 multicast-capable networks 127

Multicast support 127 multi-connector 36 multi-disciplinary framework 216 multi-layered visualizations 167 Multimedia 237, 238 multimedia conferencing system

126, 127, 144 multimedia Web document 168 Multiple telepointers 126, 127

multipoint control unit (MCU) 127 multipoint videoconference 130

N

Natural computing 77, 78, 79

Natural Language Understanding(NLU) 307 neural networks 81, 86

neuro-computing 112

Next Generation Learning Environment (NeGL) 268, 269, 278

Next Generation Networks (NGN) 268, 270, 271

Next Generation Networks (NGN) system 270 node 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,

15, 16

non-split representations 111

Index

O

object representer (OR) 175

P

paradigm 212, 217, 220

Pattern Matching and Answer Evaluation (PMAAE) 249

periodical refreshing multimedia (PRM) 167, 168, 169, 178

personal computers (PCs) 126 Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) 148 poorly-learned concepts 51, 54, 58 problem-based learning(PBL) 192, 194 procedural memory subsystem 111

Q

quality of service (QoS) 269, 276 quasi-experiments 192, 198 quasi-facial communication 181

R

Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) 238 RDF graph 69

Really Simple Syndication (RSS) 70 real-time transport protocol 128 Regression Line 233, 238

replica location service (RLS) 26 resistance-capacitor circuit (RC circuit) 100 Resource layer 23

Reusable Learning Object Authoring and Delivery (RELOAD) 281

RFID 275 RFID reader 229

run-time environment (RTE) 26

S

savoir-faire 110

self-directed learning (SDL) 196 self-evaluation 78, 82, 86 self-learning 78, 82, 86 self-regulated learning (SRL) 192, 193

Semantic blog 67, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75 Semantic blogging 70, 75

semantic restrictions

292, 303, 304, 305, 306, 315

Index

Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) 269, 278

sharable content object (SCO) 26 Shareable Content Object Reference Model

(SCORM) 281 SOAP 24, 25

social presence 53 socio-cultural perspectives 208 SRL intervention 197, 201, 202 Stimulation Function 238 student-centric 240, 242, 256

student-concept relationship table (SCRT) 54 symmetrical encryption schema 13

syntax checking 33 system tuner (ST) 176

T

TAS system design 2 teacher-centric 240

Teaching Assistant System (TAS) 2 technical skills 163

test item-concept statistic table (TCST) 54 Text-To-Speech (TTS) 148 time-consuming 127, 135, 138

timing flow graph (TFG) 168, 171, 176 TTS module 149, 163

U

ubiquitous learning system 21 UDDI 24, 25

Unified Modeling Language (UML) 282 uniform resource locators (URL) 5 user-friendly environment 108, 110, 118 user-interactive question-answering (QA)

239, 240

user-interactive question-answering (QA) system 239, 240

V

vibration function 223, 227, 236

video conferencing systems 126, 143, 144 virtual campus 290, 293

virtual classroom systems 21 virtual education 181

virtual laboratories

94, 95, 96, 105, 108, 109, 121 virtual laboratory 94, 95, 96, 98, 100, 101,

102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 147, 148, 151, 162, 163

virtual laboratory (VL) 110, 113 virtual learning 77, 87

virtual modules 105 virtual money 215 visual keyboard 113

W

web advantages 109 web applications 166 Web-based approach 195

Web-based Bulletin Board System 2 Web-based course 1, 2, 12, 18, 280, 281, 284 Web-based distance learning system 224, 236 Web-based e-learning system 223, 236 Web-based forum system 2, 4

Web-based learning 240

web-based learning environment 192, 193 Web-based learning tool 147, 148 Web-based PBL 194, 201

Web-based resource 81 web-based tutorial courseware 274 Web browser 258, 262, 264, 267

WEBCAP 166, 167, 168, 169, 171, 173, 176, 177, 178, 179

Web client program 14, 15 Web-enabled instruction 196 Web-enabled learning 195, 196, 197 Web-enabled learning environment

195, 196, 197 web-enabled PBL 192, 198 web-enabled SRL 192 Web servers 4, 7, 14

Web services 24

Web technology 258, 267 Window Messenger (WM) 225 WSDL 24, 25

X

XML 24, 25, 26