- •1. Read and translate the text. Use the wordlist below.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Choose ten words or word combinations from the text and learn them by heart.
- •4. Make a summary of Text 1 (Or learn the underlined sentences by heart). Text 2. Various types of farm machines
- •1. Read and translate the text. Use the wordlist below.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Choose ten words or word combinations from the text and learn them by heart.
- •4. Make a summary of Text 2 (Or learn the underlined sentences by heart). Text 3. Improvements in farm machines
- •1. Read and translate the text. Use the wordlist below.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Choose ten words or word combinations from the text and learn them by heart.
- •4. Make a summary of Text 3 (Or learn the underlined sentences by heart). Text 4. Mechanization in crop production
- •1. Read and translate the text. Use the wordlist below.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Choose ten words or word combinations from the text and learn them by heart.
- •4. Make a summary of Text 4 (Or learn the underlined sentences by heart). Text 5. Mechanization in livestock raising
- •1. Read and translate the text. Use the wordlist below.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Choose ten words or word combinations from the text and learn them by heart.
- •4. Make a summary of Text 5 (Or learn the underlined sentences by heart). Text 6. Mechanization of farms
- •1. Read and translate the text. Use the wordlist below.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Choose ten words or word combinations from the text and learn them by heart.
- •4. Make a summary of Text 6 (Or learn the underlined sentences by heart). Text 7. Computerized agriculture
- •1. Read and translate the text. Use the wordlist below.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Choose ten words or word combinations from the text and learn them by heart.
- •4. Make a summary of Text 7 (Or learn the underlined sentences by heart). Text 8. The modern world of high technology
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •Text 9. History and future of тне internet
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •Final test text 10. Agricultural machinery
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Learn the underlined expressions by heart.
- •3. Make a summary of the text. Text11. Implements for breaking ground
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Learn the underlined expressions by heart.
- •3. Make a summary of the text. Text12. Implements for planting
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Learn the underlined expressions by heart.
- •3. Make a summary of the text. Text13. Fertilizing and weeding
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Learn the underlined expressions by heart.
- •3. Make a summary of the text. Text14. Combating pests
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Learn the underlined expressions by heart.
- •3. Make a summary of the text. Text15. Implements for harvesting crops
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Learn the underlined expressions by heart.
- •3. Make a summary of the text.
Text 9. History and future of тне internet
1. Read and translate the text.
The Internet technology was created bу Vinton Cerf in early 1973 as part of a project headed bу Robert Kahn and conducted bу the Advanced Research Projects Agency, part of the United States Department of Defense. Later Cerf made many efforts to build and standardize the Internet. In 1984 the technology and the network were turned over to the private sector and to government scientific agencies for further development. The growth has continued exponentially. Service-provider companies, which make ‘gateways’ to the Internet available to home and business users, enter the market in ever increasing numbers. By early 1995, access was available in 180 countries and mоrе than 30 million users used the Internet. The Internet and its technology continue to have а profound effect in promoting the exchange of information, making possible rapid transactions among businesses, and supporting global collaboration among individuals and organizations. More than 100 million computers аrе connected via the global Internet in 2000, and even тоге аге attached to enterprise internets. The development of the World Wide Web leads to the rapid introduction of new business tools and activities that mау lead to annual business transactions оп the Internet worth hundreds of billions of dollars.
2. Answer the following questions.
1) Who created the Internet technology?
2) What happened in 1984?
3) How many users of the Internet were there in 1995?
4) Do you have access to the Internet?
5) What are the advantages/disadvantages of the Internet?
Final test text 10. Agricultural machinery
1. Read and translate the text.
Agricultural machines are used to till the soil and to plant, cultivate, and harvest crops. Since ancient times, when cultures first began cultivating plants, people have used tools to help them grow and harvest crops. They used pointed tools to dig and keep soil loosened, and sharp, knife-like objects to harvest ripened crops. Modifications of these early implements led to the development of small hand tools that аrе still used in gardening, such as the spade, hoe, rake and trowel, and larger implements, such as ploughs and larger rakes that аrе drawn bу humans, animals, or simple machines.
Modern machinery is used extensively in Western Europe, Australia, the United States, the Russian Federation and Canada.
Modern large agricultural implements, adapted to large-scale farming methods, аrе usually powered bу diesel- or petrol-fuelled internal-combustion engines. The most important implement of modern agriculture is the tractor. It provides locomotion for mаnу other implements and can furnish power, via its power shaft, for the operation of machines drawn behind the tractor. The power shafts of tractors can also bе set up to drive belts that operate equipment such as feed grinders, pumps, and electric-power generators. Small implements, such as portable irrigators, mау bе powered bу individual motors.