Verbs connected with driving – глаголы, связанные с вождением автомобиля

brake – тормозить

overtake – обгонять

crash into something – врезаться во что-либо park – парковать, поставить на стоянку

go for a drive – проехаться на машине, прокатиться slow down – уменьшить скорость

take / drive someone somewhere / give someone a lift – подвезти кого-либо

to reverse – дать задний ход

turning – поворот; a right turning, a left turning highway – шоссе

fork – развилка

lane – полоса движения

zebra crossing – переход типа «зебра»

junction – пересечение дорог

car park = parking lot (Am E) – автостоянка

Examples

1. The car suddenly braked. – Автомобиль внезапно затормозил.

2. Yesterday I saw an accident, a car crashed into a motorbike. – Вчера я видел несчастный случай: автомобиль врезался в мотоцикл.

3. Could you give me a lift? – Вы могли бы меня подвезти?

4. Let’s go for drive! – Давай прокатимся!

5. Don’t overtake now – we are on a bend! – Не обгоняй сейчас – мы находимся на повороте!

6. It is impossible to park a car in the centre of the city. – В центре города невозможно оставить автомобиль на стоянке.

7. He reversed out of the street. – Он дал задний ход и выехал с улицы.

8. Slow down! There is a speed limit here. – Сбрось скорость! Здесь ограничение скорости!

9. Could you take me to the airport, please? – Вы могли бы подвезти меня в аэропорт?

10. Take the first turning on the left. – Сверните на лево на первом повороте.

11. He is accused of drunken driving. – Его обвиняют за вождение в пьяном виде.

12. I am sorry. I didn’t see the sign. – Виноват. Я не видел знака.

Text 1.Components of the automobile

Words and word combinations:

chassis – шасси

transmission – трансмиссия

final drive – главная (конечная) передача

convertible-top raiser – механизм для поднятия складывающегося верха автомобиля

body – кузов

propeller shaft – карданный вал

source – источник

gearbox – коробка передач

rotate – вращать

axle – ведущий мост, ось

axle shaft – полуось, вал колеса

rear axle – задний мост

lubricating – смазочный

heater – радиатор

accessories – дополнительное оборудование

fender – крыло

frame – рама, шасси

hood – капот; чехол, верх

springs – рессоры

differential shaft – вал дифференциала

brake – тормоз

clutch – сцепление

steering – управление

as well – также

wiper – дворник

engine – двигатель

Exercise 1. Translate the text into Russian.

Before we begin our studies of the chassis units we might take a quick look at the complete automobile. It is made up of three basic parts: the engine, the chassis and the body.

Engine is the source of power that makes the car wheels rotate and the car move. (This includes the electric, fuel, cooling, and lubricating systems). The chassis consists of a frame, axles, wheels and springs. The chassis includes the brake system and the steering system as well.

The transmission carries the power from the engine to the car wheels and consists of the clutch, gearbox, propeller shaft, rear axle, final drive, differential and axles shafts. The body has a hood and fenders and accessories: the heater, lights, car radio, windscreen wiper, convertible-top raiser, and so on.

Exercise 2. Find the English equivalents.

a) Шасси – одна из основных частей машины.

b) Трансмиссия состоит из сцепления, коробки передач и других частей.

c) Источник энергии машины – это двигатель.

d) Шасси включает систему управления и тормозную систему машины.

e) Из каких основных частей состоит машина?

f) У этой машины нет механизма для поднятия складывающегося верха.

g) Машина двигается, когда двигатель вращает колеса автомобиля.

h) Некоторые машины имеют механизм для поднятия складывающегося верха.

i) Дворники машины чистят ветровое стекло.

Exercise 3. Find 13 words or even more in the grid.

Steering, gearbox, rear, frame, hood, clutch, axle, fender, brake, system, shaft, car, fuel.

s	h	f	e	n	d	e	r
y	c	g	s	h	a	f	t
s	t	e	e	r	i	n	g
t	u	a	f	x	f	a	b
e	l	r	e	a	r	c	l
m	c	b	b	r	a	k	e
h	o	o	d	a	m	y	u
e	l	x	a	c	e	u	f

Exercise 4. Choose the best definition of the words given below. Some words are odd ones.

Chassis, steering, wheel, brake, body, spring, gearbox, axle, hood, clutch, power.

1. ___________ – the main outer part of a car, not including the engine or wheels.

2. ____________ – the frame and wheels of a vehicle.

3. ____________ – a long thin piece of metal in the shape of a coil (that quickly returns to its original shape after you stretch it and let it go).

4. _______________– a metal bar that connects a pair of wheels on a car.

5._______________– the equipment in a car that you use for slowing or stopping.

6. ______________ – the parts of a vehicle the allow you to control its direction.

7. _______________– a metal box that contains the gear of a vehicle.

8. _______________– a cover on a car to give protection from the rain and sun.

9. ______________ – a piece of equipment in a vehicle that you press with your foot when you change gear.

TEXT2. BUSES AND OTHER TRANSPORT

Exercise 1.Translate the text into Russian.

The word transport means to carry people or goods from place to place. Vehicle is the general word for all types of transport – for example, road transport.

Bus, van, lorry, coach, motorbike, bicycle (bike) are kinds of road transport.

Buses were started in Paris in 1820. They were driven by three horses and had seats for 22 passengers. The motorbuses appeared by 1912.

Sometimes buses are not very punctual. Where I live buses should run every ten minutes, but sometimes I wait at the bus stop for half an hour with a long queue of people, and then two or three buses come together, and they’re all full up. On other occasions the bus is early and I miss it.

Exercise 2.Identify these means of transport without looking at the text.

Exercise 3. ‘Catch a bus, take a taxi’. Remember these words and words combination.