III. После словосочетаний с предлогами:

be afraid of, be astonished at, be accustomed, to be aware of, be bad at, be busy in, be good at, be guilty of, be intent on, be interested in, be indignant at, be incapable of, be keen on, be nervous about,

бояться, изумляться, привыкать, осознавать, плохо справляться, быть занятым, хорошо справляться, быть виноватым, стремиться, интересоваться, негодовать, быть неспособным, интересоваться, нервничать

be capable of, be disappointed in, be engaged in, be famous for, be fond of, be proud of, be pleased with, be responsible for, be sorry for, be surprised at, be sure of, be successful in, be tired of, be used to

быть способным, быть разочарованным, заниматься, славиться, увлекаться, гордиться, быть довольным, быть ответственным, сожалеть, удивляться, быть уверенным, удаваться, уставать, привыкнуть.

IV. После существительных с предлогами:

choice of possibility of excuse for intention of reason for method for

альтернатива возможность прощение намерение причина метод

V. После составных предлогов и словосочетаний:

apart from	помимо	due to owing to,	благодаря
because of on account of thanks to	из-за, ввиду, вследствие	be subject to	при условии
instead of in sprite of	вместо того, чтобы, несмотря на,	it is no use it is useless	бесполезно
with the object of with a view to for the purpose of	с целью; для того, чтобы,	it is worth	стоит
in the event of in case of	в случае	can’t help	нельзя не ...
feel like	чувствовать	can’t stand	не переносить
look like	выглядеть

Б. После ряда глаголов и прилагательных возможно употребление только инфинитива:

Agree, appear, attempt, arrange, ask, afford, aim, claim, desire, deserve, decide, demand, expect, fail, guarantee, help, hesitate, able, anxious, amazed, cheap, difficult, delighted, impossible, pleased, ready, safe

соглашаться, оказываться, пытаться, устраивать, спрашивать, позволять, стремиться, заявлять, желать, заслуживать, решать, требовать, предполагать, не удаваться, гарантировать, помогать, колебаться, способный, беспокойный, восхищенный, дешевый, трудный, радостный, невозможный, довольный, готовый, безопасный,

hope, learn, manage, offer, prepare, pretend, plan, promise, refuse, seem, strive, tend, threaten, train, want, wish, would like, dangerous, eager, easy, expensive, hard, happy, sad, strange, surprised

надеяться, изучать, удаваться, предлагать, готовить, притворяться, планировать, обещать, отказываться, казаться стараться, стремиться, угрожать, подготовить, хотеть, желать, хотелось бы, опасный, стремящийся, легкий, дорогой, трудный, счастливый, грустный, незнакомый, удивленный

Выберите требуемую форму герундия или инфинитива.

1. The teacher decided (accepting / to accept) the paper. 2. His father doesn’t approve of his (going / to go) to Europe. 3. We found it very difficult (reaching / to reach) a decision. 4. Donna is interested in (to open / opening) a bar. 5. George has no intention of (to leave / leaving) the city now. 6. We are eager (to return / returning) to school in the fall. 7. She refused (to accept / accepting) the gift. 8. Mary pretended (to be / being) sick yesterday.

9. Carlos hopes (to finish / finishing) his thesis this year. 10. They agreed (to leave / leaving) early. 11. Herry shouldn’t risk (to drive / driving) so fast.

12. He demands (to know / knowing) what is going on. 13. She is looking forward (to return / to returning) to her country. 14. These students are not yet able (to handle / handling) such difficult problems. 15. These students are not yet capable of (to handle / handling) such difficult problems. 16. I like George but I think he tends (talking / to talk) too much. 17. How old were you when you learnt (driving / to drive)? 18. We are not ready (to stop / stopping) the research. 19. I’m not in a hurry. I don’t mind (waiting / to wait). 20. Hurry up! I don’t want to risk (missing / to miss) the train. 21. They claim (having solved / to have solved) the problem. 22. You seem (to know / knowing) a lot of people. 23. Do you think it is safe (drinking / to drink) this water? 24. Your writing is impossible (to read / reading). 25. We were delighted (getting / to get) your letter last week.

В. После ряда глаголов возможно употребление как герундия, так и инфинитива:

Allow, advise, begin, bother, cease, continue, dislike, dread, encourage, fear, forbid, forget, go on, hate, intend,

разрешать, советовать, начинать, беспокоиться, прекращать, продолжать, не нравиться, бояться, поощрять, бояться, запрещать, забывать, продолжать, ненавидеть, намереваться

Like, love, neglect, need, permit, prefer, propose, remember, recommend, recollect, regret, start, stop, try.

нравиться, любить, пренебрегать, нуждаться, позволять, предпочитать, предлагать, помнить, рекомендовать, вспоминать, сожалеть, начинать, прекращать, пытаться

Примечание. Обратите внимание на различие в значении при употреблении герундия или инфинитива после ряда глаголов.

После глаголов remember, regret герундий обозначает действие, относящееся к прошлому, а инфинитив – к будущему.

I clearly remember locking the door. Я отчетливо помню, что закрыл дверь. I now regret saying what I said. Сейчас я сожалею о том, что сказал.

Please, remember to post the letter. Пожалуйста, не забудь отправить письмо. We regret to inform you that we are unable to offer you the job. К сожалению, сообщаем вам, что мы не можем предложить вам работу

После глагола to stop герундий называет действие, которое прекратилось, инфинитив – действие, которое началось.

She stopped talking. Она прекратила говорить. (герундий в функции части составного глагольного сказуемого)

She stopped to talk. Она остановилась (прервала свое занятие), чтобы поговорить. (инфинитив в функции обстоятельства цели)

После глаголов like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, forget герундий обозначает привычное действие, а инфинитив – конкретное действие, которое предстоит совершить.

I don’t like interrupting people. Я не люблю отрывать людей от дела. Don’t forget shutting the windows. Не забывайте закрывать окна, уходя из дома.

I don’t like to interrupt him, he seems very busy. Мне не хочется мешать ему. Он, кажется, очень занят. Don’t forget to shut the window when you leave home. Не забудь закрыть окно, когда будешь уходить из дома.

После глагола to need употребляется герундий, если подлежащее обозначает неодушевленный предмет, а инфинитив – если одушевленный субъект.

The grass needs cutting. Траву необходимо подрезать.

My friend needs to learn Spanish. Моему другу нужно выучить испанский язык.

Обратите внимание на то, что после глагола to help употребляется инфинитив (как с частицей to, так и без нее), а после can’t help – только герундий.

She tried to be serious but she couldn’t help laughing. Она старалась быть серьезной, не смогла не рассмеяться.

Can you help me to move? Ты не мог бы помочь мне переехать.

Переведите следующие предложения с учетом вышесказанного.

1. He could remember driving along the road just before the accident happened, but he couldn’t remember the accident itself. 2. I don’t remember lending you any money. 3. Dо you remember to phone your sister? 4. When you see Mandy, remember to give her my regards, won’t you? 5. Has it stopped raining? 6. Please, stop asking me questions. 7. She stopped to exchange a few words with a neighbour. 8. He needs to work harder if he wants to make progress. 9. Do you think my jacket needs cleaning? 10. I don’t need to come to the meeting, do I? 11. The room isn’t very nice. It needs redecorating. 12. Do you like cooking? 13. I like to clean the kitchen as often as possible. 14. Can you help me to move this table? 15. I can’t help feeling sorry for him. 16. Don’t forget to post the letter I gave you.

Поставьте глагол в подходящую по смыслу форму герундия или инфинитива.

1. I need a change I need (go) away for a while. 2. The windows are dirty. They need (clean). 3. You don’t need (iron) the shirt. 4. He looks so funny. Whenever I see him, I can’t help (smile). 5. Everybody helped (clean up) after the party. 6. George is a detective. He enjoys his work. He likes (solve) mysteries. 7. Rose always carries her camera with her. She likes (take photographs). 8. When I have to catch a train, I’m always worried that I’ll miss it. So I like (get) to the station in plenty of time. 9. Ted is extremely lazy. He likes (do) nothing. 10. I’d like (be) a tourist guide. 11. Would you like (sit) down? 12. He can remember (go) to Paris when he was eight. 13. I remembered (lock) the door when I left, but I forgot to shut the windows.

Exercise. Translate the sentences paying attention to the use of gerunds:

1. Writing quickly tires my hand. 2. I remember seeing the purse on the table. 3. She is an experienced actress, but she can’t help feeling nervous before going to the stage. 4. Would you mind waiting a moment in the hall? 5. Keep on moving! I’ll be watching you. 6. We gave up trying to find out the details of the event. 7. Trying to persuade him to stay at home is quite impossible. 8. Why do you avoid talking to me? 9. I understand perfectly your making this mistake. 10. I insist on asking everyone about the accident happened last night.

Exercise. Translate the sentences paying attention to preposition + gerund combinations:

1. He couldn’t answer the teacher’s questions without my prompting him. 2. I don’t think Mum will approve of your going to the disco so late. 3. In discussing this problem, we touched upon some very interesting items. 4. There is no use in writing a letter: he is coming tomorrow. 5. We are all looking forward to having a proper rest during holidays. 6. There is nothing like having a glass of icy juice on such a hot day. 7. I don’t like the idea of staying at that hotel. 8. Do you feel like going to the cinema tonight? 9. At last he managed to find his shirt by opening all the drawers in the wardrobe. 10. Take your time and think it over before giving any definite answer.

Exercise. Translate the sentences, pay attention to the forms of gerunds:

1. On being introduced, they easily fell to talking. 2. The matter is not worth speaking of. 3. You never mentioned having visited this town before. 4. The camera wants adjusting. 5. Excuse me for having given you so much trouble. 6. I hope you won’t mind being transferred to another group. 7. The equipment must go through a number of tests before being installed. 8. I hate going to overcrowded parties. 9. There is very little hope of the work being done in time. 10. He was accused of having entered the country illegally. 11. I insist on being listened to, I have the right for it. 12. I suspected him of having told my secret to everyone.

Exercise. Think of your own endings for the sentences. Use gerunds.

1. I never thought of … 2. Who is responsible for … ? 3. I’ve got no experience in … 4. We must go on … 5. Everyone enjoys … 6. I suggest … 7. Please, stop … 8. I always avoid … 9. My friends and I are looking forward to … 10. Do you mind … ? 11. After … I felt very tired. 12. Take your time before … 13. … is my favourite pastime. 14. When you have a problem there’s no use in … 15. I have a bad habit of …

Gerund. Revision. Translate into Russian.

1. Rectangular coordinates serve for characterizing the position of a point in the plane. 2. By applying the method of coordinates we solve complex mathematical problems. 3. After being introduced by Descartes, the method of coordinates found universal recognition and application. 4. Studying higher mathematics starts with the so-called real consideration. 5. The name “integral” was introduced by Leibniz for suggesting the way in which the limit is obtained. 6. The major periods of active mountain forming took place for 30 – 50 million years. 7. This method is used for measuring very small concentrations of substances. 8. As demands for faster computers increase, the Bell Company scientists are studying methods of storing and recovering data optically. 9. The automatic regeneration process is initiated by starting a synchronous timer. 10. On being given the necessary information by the driver, the electronic system automatically selects an optimal operating regime for the electric.