Vocabulary and grammar exercises

Exercise I. Переведите предложения, обращая на инфинитивную конструкцию «сложное подлежащее» в действительном залоге:

1. Dividends and interest on capital are not likely to be paid in the years when the company has not received profit.

2. Since the Stock Exchange is a relatively free market, share prices are sure to fluctuate as market conditions change.

3. The government policy proved to have resulted in a rapidly growing unemployment rate.

4. The bank unable to meet its liability in due time cannot expect to stay in business.

5. The clearing system proved to have become a convenient and economical means of settling debts between banks.

6. Their current account happened to have been opened by the same bank as ours.

Exercise II. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление инфинитива.

1. Financial capital to be invested in a business can belong to the business itself or it can be lent by a bank.

2. The most important credit instruments to be used I order to get a loan are corporate and government bonds.

3. The current liabilities of the company are too high to be met without an additional loan.

4. The firm was too heavily in debt to hope to get any credit.

5. The demand for money is understood as the quantity required to undertake business transactions.

6. The bank has refused to issue a chequing account. Therefore, we’ll have to carry cash on us whenever we want to make a purchase.

7. A bill is an interest-bearing financial security which is issued by a firm or government in order to borrow short-term money to be repaid usually within three months.

8. To reduce his cash holdings (наличные деньги) to a minimum will be only natural for a banker since they produce no income.

9. Financial capital to be used in a business may either belong to the business itself or it may be borrowed from a bank.

Exercise III. Подберите определения к следующим терминам:

Current account, cheque, cash, liability, stock exchange, clearance, securities

1. means of borrowing money and raising new capital issued by companies, financial institutions, governments;

2. deposit which can be withdrawn on demand and which is used by depositor to finance day-today personal and business transactions;

3. coins and bank-notes which are in circulation in a country;

4. a market where company stocks and shares as well as government bonds are bought and sold;

5. a form of debt, for instance, a loan;

6. a means of transferring or withdrawing money from a bank or building society current account.

7. Settling liabilities through the Clearing House.

Exercise IV. Используя текст, закончите следующие предложения:

1. Banks borrow money from the public in order to …

2. The clearing system lets banks

3. The asset side of the bank balance sheet includes …

4. The liability side of the balance sheet includes…

5. The two most important kinds of deposits are known …

6. Cheques can be written against …

7. Interest is usually paid on …

8. To withdraw a time deposit one must give the bank a period of notification for the bank …

Exercise V. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Sight deposits at banks appear to have two main characteristics: cheques can be written or transfers can be made against deposited funds, and the interest paid is lower what other assets offer.

2. If you keep cash on hand or hold your money in a chequing account, it is not a bad idea to think of how much interest you could have earned with a time deposit.

3. A bond is an interest-bearing security issued by businesses and by the government for the purpose of borrowing long-term funds. Bonds are most likely to be issued for periods of several years.

4. The clearing house brings together all cheques and determines at the end of each day net debts between banks. These debts are then settled by transferring funds held by commercial banks at the Central Bank.

5. The tree main types of money used are sure to be as follows: 1) chequing accounts, also called sight deposits or demand deposits, issued by commercial banks, 2) notes, and 3) coins.

6. Banking appears to have been started when a man first deposited gold with a goldsmith having a vault in order to keep it safe till it was needed to make payments.

7. Loans make up the bigger share of clearing bank lending.

8. A lender is a person or institution that makes a loan to a borrower in order to finance the latter’s consumption or investment.

Exercise VI. Прочитайте текст, не пользуясь словарем. Догадайтесь о значении термина liquidity. Найдите в тексте слова с таким же корнем и переведите их на русский язык.