Инфинитив

THE INFINITIVE

Инфинитив – это неопределенная форма глагола (отвечает на вопрос «что делать?»). Различают два типа инфинитива:

а) инфинитив с частицей to.

I am so glad to meet you.

б) инфинитив без частицы to, который употребляется в следующих случаях:

– после модальных глаголов (can, could, may, must, should, needn’t и др.).

I can’t play golf. You should clean your shoes.

– после глаголов see, watch, hear, feel и др. в составе конструкции Complex Object.

I heard her close the door. The witness saw them steal the car.

- после выражений “would rather” (выражает предпочтение), “had better” (выражает совет).

I would (I’d) rather avoid such situations. – Я бы предпочел избегать подобных ситуаций.

You had (You’d) better go to bed earlier. – Вам бы лучше ложиться спать пораньше.

1. Инфинитив цели

Чтобы выразить цель, то есть объяснить, зачем кто-то что-то делает, используется инфинитив с частицей to.

Tom went to the train station to meet his parents. – Том поехал на вокзал, чтобы встретить своих родителей.

Упр. 222. Поставьте, где необходимо, частицу to.

1. He likes… play football. 2. She can … speak French. 3. We let them … go there. 4. Don’t help her … do it. 5. May I … take your dictionary? 6. He made me … do it. 7. Our mother permited … swim in the river. 8. I don’t want … see him. 9. We would rather … go home. 10. They wanted … speak to us. 11. Would you like … watch a film? 12. You had better … take this medicine. 13. They couldn’t … cross the river. 14. It’s time … go for a walk. 15. I like … play tennis. 16. I’d like … play the game. 17. My parents didn’t want … go to that party. 18. Do you like … dance? 19. Would you like … listen to my song?

Упр. 223. Поставьте, где необходимо, частицу to.

1. We decided … improve our English. 2. You’d better … do it yourself. 3. Susan may … invite you to her birthday party. 4. Thousands of people went to Beijing … watch the Olympic Games. 5. Jane should … learn … drive. 6. He isn’t going … answer your question. 7. They had better not … tell her the truth. 8. I heard something … fall in the next room. 9. I’m planning … visit Rome. 10. My brother never let me … go alone late in the evening. 11. She said she would rather … stay in town. 12. Why do her parents make her … play the piano? 13. When did you agree … meet again? 14. You had better … eat healthier food. 15. We would rather … have the lesson on Wednesday, if that’s possible. 16. The teacher made him … stand in the corner. 17. They might not … have a holiday this year. 18. She’d rather … learn more about computers.

Упр. 224. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на инфинитив цели.

1. Paul is studying English to get a better job. 2. To see the stage better I moved to the next seat. 3. I came to speak to you about your son.4. She kept late hours to do the important task in time. 5. Harry is going to the bank to take some money. 6. They reconstructed the attic to have one more bedroom. 7. In order to relax after the stress she went to the park. 8. While speaking English John is always careful to avoid mistakes. 9. He took a day off to help his parents to move house. 10. To buy a brand new computer she started saving money.

Упр. 225. Подберите к началу предложения его логическое завершение. Переведите предложения.

1. I went for a walk a. to visit my sick friend.

2. I’m going to the library b. to make the house smell

nice.

3. I went to town c. to buy a new car.

4. I phoned the theatre d. to visit some friends.

5. I want to borrow some e. to explain how to get to my

money house.

6. I bought some flowers f. to change my books.

7. I went to the hairdresser’s g. to get some fresh air.

8. I’m going to Paris h. to do some shopping.

9. I wrote to John i. to find out what time the

play started.

10. I went to hospital j. to have a haircut.