- •Part 1. Near miss reports
- •Case study - 1. Pilot Ladder Insecure
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decide if the following statements are True or False. Correct the wrong ones.
- •3. Give synonyms to the given words. You may use more than one.
- •Read a near miss report (see a sample in annex).
- •Case study-2. Very Near Miss
- •Answer the questions.
- •Choose the factors which could become a reason of possible disaster and discuss them.
- •3. Decide whether these statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •4. Read a near miss report (see a sample in annex). Complete a near miss report covering the following items.
- •Case study - 3. Irresponsible Actions (near collision)
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Choose the factors which could become the reasons of possible collision between Panamax box ship and the inbound vessel.
- •3. Decide whether the statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •4. Divide the following actions between inbound and outbound vessels. Analyze the situation as if you were a harbor pilot. Make a short report
- •4. Read a near miss report (see a sample in annex).Complete a near miss report covering the following items.
- •Answer the questions.
- •Explain the following terms.
- •3. Correct the mistakes.
- •4. Put the words in the correct order.
- •6. Read a near miss report (see a sample in annex).Complete a near miss report covering the following items.
- •Case study - 5. Unsafe Speed in Congested Area
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decipher the following abbreviations.
- •3. Read the text and find a word or phrase which means the following.
- •4. Decide if these statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •5. Complete the following table on non-compliance with colreGs.
- •6. Read a near miss report (see a sample in annex).Complete a near miss report covering the following items.
- •Case study - 6. Taking Avoiding Action too late (near collision)
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decide if these statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •3. Read the text and find a word or phrase which means the following.
- •4. Decide which statements are referred to incident № 1 and which - to incident № 2.
- •5. Read a near miss report (see a sample in annex).Complete a near miss report covering the following items.
- •Case study - 7. Man Overboard
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Match the synonyms.
- •3. Explain the meaning of the following words and expressions.
- •4. Decide if these statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •5. Read a near miss report (see a sample in annex). Complete a near miss report covering the following items.
- •Case study - 8. Lifeboat Lowered Unintentionally
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decide if these statements are true (t) or false (f).Correct the false ones.
- •3. Explain the following terms.
- •4. Match words from column a with antonyms from column b.
- •5. Read a near miss report (see a sample in annex).Complete a near miss report covering the following items.
- •Case study - 9. Near Collision in Anchorage
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decide if these sentences are true(t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •3. Explain the following terms.
- •4. Match words from column a with their synonyms from column b.
- •5. Complete a near accident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study -10. Man overboard due to improper repair to pilot ladder
- •Answer the questions.
- •2. Define the purpose of the following aids.
- •Discuss with your partnet. Which of the factors could have led to fatality?
- •5. Complete a near accident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study - 11. ColreGs Violation (Rule 9)
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. In the text, find synonyms to the following words.
- •3. In the text, find antonyms to the following words.
- •4. Match the words in column a and the words in column b.
- •5. Decide if these statements are true (t) or false (f)? Correct the false ones.
- •6. Make up questions to the parts of the sentence in bold.
- •7. Complete a near miss report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study -12. ColreGs Violation (Rule 10)
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. In the text, find synonyms to the following words.
- •3. In the text, find antonyms to the following words.
- •4. Match the words in column a and the words in column b.
- •5. Decide if these statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the false ones.
- •6. Make up questions to the part of the sentence in bold.
- •7. Complete a near miss report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study -13. ColreGs violation in crossing situation
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decide if the following statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the false ones.
- •3. Complete a near miss report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Part 2 cargo related incidents Cargo Damage, Loss or Shortage
- •Case study Case study - 1: Wetting of Logs (Cargo Damage)
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Explain the following terms.
- •3. Decide if these statements are true (t) or false (f).Correct the wrong ones.
- •4. Choose the factors which could affect the stowage factor and stability condition of the tween-decker cargo ship.
- •5. Make up a cargo claim on behalf of consignee or a Sea Protest on behalf of the Master.
- •6. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study -2: Hazards of under-declared cargo weights in containers
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Explain the following terms.
- •3. Decide whether the statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •4. Decipher the following abbreviations: ukc, sms
- •5. Choose the factors which could become reasons of danger of the vessel’s grounding in the channel.
- •6. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study - 3. Containers Overboard
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Explain the function of the documents.
- •3. Decide whether the statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •4. In the text, find synonyms for the following expressions.
- •5. Compose a letter of protest on behalf of the Master on 6 containers missing while on route.Explain the cause.
- •6. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study - 4. Damage to Cargo in Severe Weather
- •1. Read the text. Analyze the situation yourself. Afterwards compare your opinion with the expert assessment.
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Decipher the abbreviations.
- •4. Match expressions in column a with their definitions in column b.
- •5. Decide whether the statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •6. Compose a sea protest on behalf of the Master.
- •7. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Vessel related incidents
- •1. Collision: Striking or being Struck by another Vessel regardless of whether Underway, Anchored or Moored
- •Case study - 1. Collision near Pilot Station
- •2. Area of high traffic density;
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decide if these sentences are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •Case study -2. Collision during Berthing
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decide if these statements are true (t) or false (f)? Correct the false ones.
- •3. Make up questions to get the following answers.
- •4. Complete the chart. Tick the person who is in charge of the collision during berthing.
- •Case study - 3. Collision in Congested Waters
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Decide if the following statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •4. Explain the following terms
- •5. Complete the following table on non-compliance with colreGs.
- •6. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study -1. Contact with Gantry Crane
- •1. Read the text. Analyze the situation yourself. Afterwards compare your opinion with the expert assessment.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Explain the following terms.
- •4. Decide if the following statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •5. Find in the text the pilot’s commands to the vessel and the tug.
- •6. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study - 2. Contact with Berth during Strong Flood Tide
- •1. Read the text. Analyze the situation yourself. Afterwards compare your opinion with the expert assessment.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Make up questions to parts of the sentence in bold.
- •4. Explain the following terms.
- •5. Decide if the following statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •Case study - 1. Non-contact damage
- •Answer the questions.
- •Explain the following terms.
- •4. Grounding, Stranding and Foundering;
- •Case study -1. Grounding
- •Answer the questions.
- •Read the text and find a word or phrase which means the following.
- •3. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study - 2. Stranding. Master under Pressure to Enter Port.
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Explain the following terms.
- •3. Decide if these statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •4. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •5. Hull and Machinery – danger or failure of ship and/or its own equipment
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Translate the expressions from English into Russian.
- •3. Say the dates, times and prices from the text. What do they refer to?
- •4. Put in the words from the box to describe the incident with the vessel.
- •5. What is hull and machinery insurance about? Put the sentences in the correct order of events from the text. The first event is given. Translate the sentences orally.
- •6. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •6. Fire. Explosion This type of incidents involves machinery spaces or the living accommodation and the cargo being carried.
- •Case study - 1. Premature Reopening of Fire Area Causes Re-ignition
- •Case study - 2. Bagged Copra Fire
- •Answer the questions.
- •2. Explain the following terms.
- •Match words from column a with their synonyms from column b.
- •Case study - 3. Collision and Explosion Kills Nine
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •Choose between two vessels – a and b – to state what actions each of them performed.
- •Which of the officers below did the following actions?
- •4. Analyze the situation given in the text and state your arguments due to the following points:
- •5. Complete an accident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Part 4 people related incidents
- •Case study – 1. Mooring accident
- •1. Read the text. Analyze the situation yourself. Afterwards compare your opinion with the expert assessment.
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Explain the following terms.
- •4. Complete an accident report (see annex) including the following items.
- •Case study – 2. Series of mis-steps end in the sea
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Explain the following terms.
- •3. Decide whether the statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •4. Complete the following statements.
- •5. Find in the text all life saving appliances. Name them, describe their function
- •6. Complete an accident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study – 3. Darkened workplace and an unprotected hazard to fatality
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Decide whether the statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
- •3. Match the words from column a with the appropriate words from column b to form the collocations and use them in sentences of your own.
- •4. Complete an accident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study - 4. Work aloft without precautions proves fatal
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Match the words from column a with the appropriate words from column b to form the collocations and use them in sentences of your own.
- •3. Comment on the following factors which could cause the accident:
- •4. Complete an accident report (see annex) including the following items.
- •Case study - 5. Crew Injured by Pilot Ladder
- •1. Answer the questions
- •2. Match the following terms from the text with their definitions
- •3. Complete an accident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study - 6. Fatality inside chemical cargo tank
- •1. Answer the questions
- •3. Choose the factors which could become a reason of an accident and discuss them.
- •4. Complete an accident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Case study - 7. Stowaways
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •Give synonyms to the following expressions.
- •Give the antonyms to these expressions and use them in the sentences of your own.
- •5. Complete an incident report (see annex) covering the following items.
- •Part 5 environment related incidents
- •Case study - 1. Oil Spill during bunkering
- •1. Read the text. Analyze the situation yourself. Afterwards compare your opinion with the expert assessment.
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Match the words from column a with the appropriate words from column b to form the collocations and use them in sentences of your own.
- •3. Complete the table. Mind the grammar. Do and don’t to prevent oil spill.
- •4. Complete an incident report (see annex) including the following items.
- •Case study – 2. Paint Pollution (harmful substances carried by sea in packaged form)
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •3. Decipher the following abbreviations.
- •4. Choose the reasons of the pollution incident.
- •5. Complete an incident report (see annex) including the following items.
- •Case study – 3. Oil pollution
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Read the text and find a word or phrase which means the following.
- •4. Complete an incident report (see annex) including the following items.
- •Case study - 4. Garbage
- •2. Explain the following terms.
- •4. Read the text and find a word or phrase which means the following.
- •5.Complete an incident report (see annex) including the following items.
1. Answer the questions.
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What was the rank of the narrator of the Panamax box ship?
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What were technical particulars of both vessels?
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Why was the inbound vessel drifting offshore?
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What was the pilot station dispatcher's advice for the inbound vessel?
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In what position was the inbound vessel seen exactly?
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How was the fairway buoy passed by the Panamax box ship?
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Why was the pilot very concerned?
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What did he ask the inbound vessel to do?
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Why was a port-to-port passage unacceptable?
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What cautionary warnings did this special situation demand?
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How did the Master of Panamax box ship act to avoid a collision between two vessels?
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How did the inbound vessel enter the marked channel?
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What did the pilot ask the Master and Officer of the watch about?
2. Choose the factors which could become the reasons of possible collision between Panamax box ship and the inbound vessel.
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Bad weather conditions in the container port.
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Experience and self-conditions of the Master of the inbound vessel.
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Negligence of observance of the printed cautionary warnings about the Precautionary Area around the fairway buoy.
3. Decide whether the statements are true (t) or false (f). Correct the wrong ones.
-
A 290 meter Panamax box ship outbound from a major US East Coast container port with 11.7 metres draft. __________
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An inbound vessel was drifting offshore. _________
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Due to wind and current conditions, the pilot's intention was to stay at the fairway buoy.
_________
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The inbound vessel stated that she was six cables east of the fairway buoy. _____________
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The inbound vessel's draft prevented her from passing the fairway buoy on her port.__________
-
The inbound vessel's proximity to the fairway buoy prevented Panamax box ship from passing in between her and the fairway buoy._______
4. Divide the following actions between inbound and outbound vessels. Analyze the situation as if you were a harbor pilot. Make a short report
To clear the channel to turn to port for a proper lee to drift offshore
to track on the leading light to pass the fairway buoy on her port
to stay east of the fairway buoy to pass port to port
to be in proximity to the marked channel to meet starboard to starboard
to be dead ahead on a reciprocal course to increase RPM
to be in proximity to the fairway buoy
Inbound vessel |
Outbound vessel |
|
|
4. Read a near miss report (see a sample in annex).Complete a near miss report covering the following items.
1. Description of the situation;
2. Possible cause of situation (root cause) and possible consequences;
3. Which preventive measures have been taken;
4. Master's decision (plan for further handling of above incident)
Case study - 4. Confession
Own vessel was on a course of 090 x 12 knots, off the coast of Oman. We were due to make an alteration of course to 075 in 10 minutes time. It was a clear dark night. A container vessel on parallel course at a speed of 21 knots was overtaking us on the port quarter, giving a CPA of 0.2 miles in 20 minutes. I was observing this vessel for the previous 20 minutes and she did not seem to have any intention to keep clear. I was concerned with the small CPA and gave her five flashes on the ALDIS lamp. There was no response. I was also concerned of the alteration that I was due to make to port according to the passage plan.
When the vessel was about 2 miles behind us, I made the mistake of altering course to port to make the alteration as per the passage plan. The previous CPA of 0.2 miles now became 0.1 mile in 10 minutes. I now started giving more rapid flashes to the overtaking vessel, which were about as fast as my heartbeat! Suddenly, the container vessel altered her course to starboard and headed for a collision course! I put the wheel hard-over to starboard but realised that it was a point of no return - any action on MY part now could not prevent a collision unless the other vessel altered to port. I reached for the VHF and said "container ship on my port quarter - I am altering to starboard - please alter YOUR course to PORT". Miraculously this had the desired effect and she altered just in time to port passing us at a CPA of less than 0.1 mile.
After the incident, as our nerves calmed down, we analyzed the near miss and the following factors seemed contributory to me. I would welcome comments from others if they see other factors:
As per rule 13, the overtaking vessel had the duty to keep clear, even after we made our alteration to port. As per rule "Action to avoid collision" though, we should have altered to starboard on seeing the overtaking vessel not taking action.
The decision to make the normal course alteration to port (as per the passage plan) was a bad one and should have been delayed.
Having been on container ships for 5 years, I know for a fact that container ships "get tired" of altering for vessels they are overtaking and find a CPA of 0.1 to 0.3 miles in open seas quiet sufficient. I am simply stating facts as they are and not trying to justify anything.
It also seemed that the watch on the container ship had not seen us and they were only alerted at the second set of quick flashes. Then panic must have set in there and, seeing our port side light and masthead light, the OOW must have decided to alter to starboard. It is doubtful if her ARPA would have shown the vector correctly at such close range, especially if she was not tracking us earlier. It appears that the OOW must have put the wheel hard-over and then possibly checked other bridge equipment.
Of course, the entire near-miss could have been avoided if the overtaking vessel had just altered well in time and given us a berth of say 1 mile, but then, we don't live in a perfect world!
Under most circumstances, a close quarter situation with another vessel is far more risky than missing the way point by a few cables. If a slight adjustment to the way point on a coastal passage is more risky than having a collision, there must be something drastically wrong with the Passage Plan. Similarly, is it wise to put a position on the chart or make an entry in the log book when there are other vessels or hazards in close proximity? Make sure that there is no risk of collision or grounding before carrying out these secondary tasks.