II Infectious diseases

9. What are infectious diseases caused by?

Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic bacteria, germs, viruses, that poison the body.

10. What is immunity? What types of it do you know?

Immunity may be natural and acquired. Natural immunity to certain infections may be transmitted from parent to offspring.

Acquired immunity may follow a spontaneous attack of disease, the artificial inoculation of a modified virus, vaccine infections of antitoxic and antibacterial sera.

Immunity is the capacity of the body to resist infections.

11. What is vaccination?

“Vaccination “or “Immunisation” is a safe and effective way to help the body prevent or fight off certain diseases. Is the administration of antigenic material (a vaccine) to stimulate the immune system of an individual to develop adaptive immunity to a disease.

12. What infectious diseases do you know?

There are 4 group of infectius diseases:

1) Respiratory disease ( influenza, mumps, chicken-pox)

2) Gastrointestinal disease such as dysentery, cholera

3) Blood infectious such us AIDS, malaria

4) Skin infections - itch, herbs, vineral diseases

13What is influenza/ cause/ way of transmission/ symptoms

Influenza, commonly referred to as the flu, is an infectious disease caused by RNA viruses, that affects birds and mammals. The most common symptoms of the disease are chills, fever, sore throat, muscle pains, severe headache, coughing, weakness/fatigue and general discomfort.

The main complications: pneumonia bronchitis, simislaitis, otitis.

Influenza is transmitted by droplet spray from nose and throat.

14. What is the chikenpox?

Chickenpox or chicken pox is a highly contagious illness caused by primary infection with varicella zoster virus] It usually starts with vesicular skin rash mainly on the body and head rather than at the periphery and becomes itchy, raw pockmarks, which mostly heal without scarring. On examination, the observer typically finds lesions at various stages of healing.

Treatment-

- antihistamins

- drugs to reduce fever

- drugs to relive itching.

15. Wgat is diphtheria?

Is an upper respiratory tract ilness, is characterized by sore throat, low fever, and an adherent membrane (a pseudomembrane) on the tonsils, pharynx, and/or nasal cavity

Treatment

- to take antitoxine (to neutralize diphth. toxins)

- to take antibaiotics (to kill the bacteria)

- fluids to precent dehydration

16. What is tuberculosis?

Tuberculosis, MTB, or TB is a common, and in many cases lethal, infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Tuberculosis usually attacks the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body. It is spread through the air when people who have an active MTB infection cough, sneeze, or otherwise transmit their saliva through the air. The classic symptoms are a chronic cough with blood-tinged sputum, fever, night sweats, and weight loss