9. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the problem of literal translation and comment on individual translations.

1. Crawford opened a thin file. "I charge a hundred bucks an hour." (J.Grisham)

2. "What's the name of this guy she's marrying?" he asked. "Joan you mean?" said Ginnie. "Dick Heffner." Selena's brother went on scratching his ankle. "He's a lieutenant commander in the Navy," Ginnie said. "Big deal." Ginnie giggled. (J.D. Salinger)

3. Hey, listen my friend, you may be as handsome as Sidney Poitier (...) but for those guys you're still a horse of a different color. (E. Segal)

4. Let me see. Can't afford to put all your eggs in one basket, can we? (J. Archer)

5. That sure is some girl. She looks like a million dollars ... (D.Lodge)

6. Green rocks the boat impetuously, and is afraid that he is going to sink. (J. Heller)

10. Translate the English sentences. Use a dictionary and comment on the differences between original and translated texts. Pay attention to the problem of misinterpretation/mistranslation. Can you find appropriate equivalents for the words in italics?

1. Andrew sat alone for forty minutes, checking the grandfather clock every few moments while pretending to read Scotsman. (J. Archer)

2. That's very flattering, Em, I mean. I didn't think anyone's ever said anything that nice - or off-the-wall - to me. (E Segal)

3. Immediately, the killer rounded the pews on the far left of the church and bore relentlessly down. Langdon knew in a heartbeat it was over. (D. Brown)

4. "Have you ever discovered why he and Charles Seymour didn't see eye to eye?" "No, he hasn't mentioned his name since that night. All I know for certain is that they were at school together." (J. Archer)

5. I will leave when the spirit moves me. (D. Brown)

6. He addressed me in a lowered and almost prudent tone of voice. "All right, buddy," he said, let's move that ass." It was the "buddy", I think that did it. (J.D. Salinger)

7. It took nerve to make that telephone call, it took all my nerve. (J. Heller)

8. They ate the melon in less than two minutes while the lads, instead of waiting out in the corridor, stood well back, near the door, fingering their bow ties and tight collars and fiddling with their cuffs. (I. McEwan)

9. At Forty-seventh Street and Park, Phil turned and asked, "How have your evenings been?" "Oh, busy," I replied. (E. Segal)

10. Well, you could see he really felt pretty lousy about flunking me. So I shot the bull for a while. (J.D. Salinger)

11. Read and translate the text, identify and discuss different types of procedures used in translation.

"The nickname is Skinny Ben. Ring a bell?" "No, sorry." "It's a diet pill put out by a company called Luray Products (...) It's not for the woman who needs to drop twenty pounds, but it does wonders for the really obese (...) Ten thousand of them have been treated, and Luray is getting sued like crazy in California and Florida. Food and Drug stepped in eight months ago, and last month Luray yanked Skinny Bens off the market." (J. Grisham)

3.2 Functional shifts

Talking points

1. Explain the term "functional shift"

2. Name different kinds of shift

3. Characterize individual kinds of shift and give examples

Tasks and exercises

1. Read and translate the following sentences. Comment on the differences. Characterize the types of shift (e.g. linguistic/constitutional, socio-cultural, individual, positive, negative shifts)?

1. You need a break, a change. You're getting stale here. (D. Lodge)

2. She just barge in. About seconds after I spoke to you. I just thought I'd give you a ring while she's in the john. (J.D. Salinger)

3. „First - I mean this, now, get in bed and relax. Make yourself a nice, big nightcap, and get under the -" "Night cap! Are you kidding? Christ, I've killed about a quart in the last two goddam hours. Night cap! I'm plastered now I can hardly -" (J.D. Salinger)

4. So they were eating in their rooms before partially open French windows that gave onto a balcony and a view of a portion of the English Channel and Chesil Beach wit itsinfinite shingle. (I. McEwan)

5. They were careful to stay out of sight until they reached the road, then quickened their pace eager to distance themselves from Carvahall. (C. Paoliny)

6. ...even Raymond was surprised when he was invited to represent the department as guest of honour at the annual CB1 dinner. (J. Archer) ...

7. There had been distractions - Claire, moving out, learning the ropes of a new career but the case against River Oaks and my old firm was never far from my mind. (J. Grisham)

8. Sandra snorted again. „He's gonna have a nose just like the father." She raised her cup and drank from it without difficulty. "I don't know what they wanna stay up here all October for"; she said malcontentedly, lowered her cup. „I mean none of ´em even go anywheres near the water now. She don't go in, the kid don't go in. Nobody goes in. (J.D. Salinger)