8. Proverbs, Sayings, Quotations

Live and learn; it's never too late to learn There is no royal road to learning

Spare the rod and spoil the child Only the educated are free

Practice makes perfect Better untaught than ill taught

No pains, no gains; No sweet without some sweat To know everything is to know nothing

Patience wins the day

Knowledge is power (Francis Bacon)

Vocabulary Work

Exercise 1: Translate the following words and expressions into Russian (Use the Main Texts and Topical Vocabulary):

impeccably educated, all-round education, academic qualification, boarding school ,public school ( Br. ), special school, comprehensive school, play truant from school, school of hard knocks, poor schooling, specialist teacher, substitute teacher, to run a school, to tackle illiteracy and innumeracy, to be enrolled in, national curriculum, with vocational bias, corporal punishment, prom, school of thought, resits and retakes, promotion examination, examining board ,educational video, full-time teacher, to expel from a school, to cram ( for), a crib, learning difficulty, the Secretary of State for Education and Employment

Exercise 2: Look through the proverbs, sayings and quotations from the Topical Vocabulary and suggest appropriate Russian equivalents.

Exercise 3: Explain what these abbreviations stand for:

PTA, K-12, LEA, the three R's, IQ, the DFEE, SAT, SCE, GESE, GNVQ, A level, PSAT

Exercise 4: Find the word or phrase from the Topical Vocabulary to match the definition

1. a person who sets or marks an examination

2. someone who is taking an exam

3. a group of people who govern a school

4. a teacher who is in charge of a school

5. a group of people with the same way of thinking, opinion

6. the people within school who do a particular type of work

7. someone whose job is the second most important at school

8. the education you get at school

9. education that the child's parents pay the school for directly

10. schools only for boys ( or girls )

11. schools for both boys and girls

12. number skills

13. reading and writing skills

14. a school which provides free education

15. a condition that prevents someone from learning basic skills as quickly as other people

16. a teacher who works full time

17. a teacher who temporarily replaces another teacher who cannot work

18. a person who attends an expensive private school

19. a religious service at school

20. to study a particular subject at school

Exercise 5.Match the two halves of these expressions to make some questions about education.

a) In which school subjects did you always use to get 1. in another foreign language?

b) When was the last time you failed an 2. low marks?

c) How easy is it to get a 3. on to further education?

d) Have you ever taken a course 4. exam?

e) What qualifications do you need if you want to go 5. university?

f) How do you apply for a place at 6. grant for further education?

Exercise 6. Here are some school subjects but the letters are mixed up. What are the subjects?

Example: MGREAN – German

1. TAHMS

2. IRTHOSY

3. CNECSEI

4. NISGEHL

5. HOGTCEYNLO

6. EHGORAGPY

7. RAT

8. SIMCU

9. EHNFCR

10. NEOCCIOSM

Exercise7. Complete these sentences with the missing words and expressions.

1. When she was a child she went ….. in a small village with only fifty other pupils.

2. He didn't go to school last term because he was very ill and he had to go …..

3. I was very tired, so after I finished my homework I went …..

4. When I left school I went ….. and studied medicine.

5. It was a religious school, so we had to go ….. quite a lot.

6. Hurry up and eat your breakfast, it's time …..

7. Languages are the essential part of …..

8. IT is now ….. in most schools.

9. We found the programme ….. and informative.

10. ….. sets programmes of study in a range of subjects for all state schools in England.

Exercise 8. Fill the gaps in this life story of a British woman.

At 5, Nelly Dawes went straight to ….. ( 1 ) school, because there were very ….. ( 2 ) schools for younger children in those days. When she was ready to go on to secondary school, she passed an exam and so got into her local …..( 3 ) school. Nowadays her own children don't do that exam, since most children go to a ….. ( 4 ) school. She left school at 16 and did not go on to ….. ( 5 ) education, but she goes to ….. ( 6 ) once a week to learn French. She would like to take up her education again more seriously, if she could get a ….. ( 7 ) or scholarship from the government. Her ambition is to go to a ….. ( 8 ) and become a school-teacher.

Exercise 9. Correct the mis-collocations in these sentences.

1. I can't come out. I'm studying. I'm passing an examination tomorrow.

2. Congratulations! I hear you succeeded your examinations!

3. I got some good notes in my continuous assessment this term.

4. She's a professor in a primary school.

5. She got a degree in personnel management from a private college.

Exercise 10.What questions could you ask to get these answers?

1. Well, they learn one or two things, like recognizing a few numbers, but most of the time they play around.

2. It's sixteen, but a lot of kids stay on until eighteen.

3. Well, I've been up all night revising for an exam.

4. No, ours are given in grades, you know, B+, A, that sort of thing.

5. No, I was ill. I didn't miss it deliberately.

Exercise 11. Schooling in the USA is a bit different from in the UK. What do the following terms mean in the US school education system?

public school elementary school high-school freshman junior sophomore senior preppy ( preppie ) K-12 diploma Prom SAT

Exercise 12. Write down all the adjectives and verbs which go together with the noun "education".

Work alone:

1. use the topical vocabulary

2. use a dictionary to add to the list of adjectives and verbs

Work in pairs/groups:

3. compare your lists and add what you've missed

Exercise 13. Using a dictionary if necessary, underline the correct word in the sentences. Use the remaining words in sentences of your own.

1 The school is thought highly innovative in that it implements a system of continuous (tests, assessment, finals) to determine grades.

2 One could hear the sounds of lively (debate, talk, argument) coming from the room where the philosophy class was being held.

3 My brother, who wants to join the clergy, has just entered a (seminary, university, college)

4 It was inevitable that the (seminar, lecture, tutorial) would be well-attended as it was being given by the renowned professor, Kurt Reimann.

5 There's no way I'll be able to come. I've got to hand in a two thousand word (assignment, project, essay) on the Russian Revolution by Monday afternoon.

6 Stephen was caught (copying, plagiarising, stealing) from his fellow student's test paper and was expelled.

7 For tomorrow, please read this short original (article, text, excerpt) from Dicken's Hard Times and be prepared to discuss it in class.

8 If you're really interested in applying, ask the University to send you a (syllabus, prospectus, curriculum) for the upcoming year

Exercise 14. Below are words that correspond to the word sets from Ex. 13. Tell your partner which word goes with which set and why.

• exams • class • vocational school

• talk • homework • cheating

• summary • course list

'Exams' corresponds with number 1. The words are ways in which educators can tell how well a student is doing.

Exercise 15. Collocations

a. Match the pairs of adjectives to the nouns to form collocations.

first class/Master's	learning
higher/first-rate	degree
correspondence/refresher	schooling
compulsory/formal	certificate
post graduate/2-year	fees
long-distance/accelerated	diploma
tuition/registration	course
school-leaving/medical	education

b. Now use one word from each set to complete the sentences below. If necessary, use your dictionary to help you. Use the remaining collocations in sentences of your own.

1 ............................................. learning has proved highly popular in remote parts of Australia and Canada.

2 In the UK .............................................. schooling lasts up until the aqe of sixteen.

3 Nowadays, a ........................................ certificate does not necessarily guarantee someone a place in the job market.

4 Please forward the £100....................................... fee along with your completed application.

5 Stella already has a Bachelor of Arts but she is now working towards attaining a.......................degree.

6 My father opened a bank account for me on the day I was born to ensure that I would receive a .........................................................education.

7 Now that I've got this job abroad, I think I had better take a...............................course in Spanish.

8 It will take him at least a year to earn a ...................................diploma in child psychology.

Exercise 16. Tick the boxes to form phrases. In pairs, use the phrases in sentences.

Sit	Get	Have	Do
				good marks
				an exam
				one's homework
				for one's finals
				expelled/suspended
				an Easter break
				a biology project
				extracurricular activities

Can you think of one more phrase or expression to go under each heading? In pairs, use them to make sentences.

Exercise 17. Idioms

Match items from columns A and В to make idioms and then use them, in their correct form, to complete the sentences.

1	be the teacher's	a	p's and q's
2	mind one's	b	one, two, three
3	learn something	с	the grade
4	be as easy as	d	pet
5	be of the	e	the back of one's hand
6	know something like	f	old school
7	pass with	g	by heart
8	make	h	flying colors

1 Now Johnny, if you're coming to see your sister in the school play you're to be quiet and ...........................

2 I can remember as a child, the difficult time I had learning my multiplication tables ...............................

3 Don't mind your father. He....................................and believes that some jobs are just not meant to be done by a man.

4 The children jeered their classmate in the school yard with the cruel chant of, Suzy ................................!'

5 Everybody here is fine and Steve has just finished his finals which he ...............................................

6 If you don't study harder there is no way that you will

7 I've been studying this list of historical dates for hours and I ............................................................

8 There's nothing to geometry, it...............................

Exercise 18. Fixed Phrases (with by)

Replace the underlined words and expressions with one of the fixed phrases below. Then, in pairs, use the fixed phrases to make up sentences of your own.

• by and large • by and by • (fall) by the wayside

• by chance • by the way • by the book • by law

• by word of mouth

1 Her plans to become a teacher came to nothing when she was forced to drop out of school to look after her younger siblings.

2 Incidentally, did you know that Susan finished at the top of her graduating class?

3 Coincidental^, I found my old school uniform while I was cleaning out the attic.

4 We heard about the private school through various conversations with friends and colleagues.

5 If we're going to do this right, we'll have to do it exactly as we were instructed.

6 Don't worry if you don't understand the theory behind it, you'll catch on eventually.

7 Generally speaking, the number of people leaving school without obtaining a qualification is on the rise.

8 Legally, all institutes of learning must be equipped with smoke detectors and sprinkler systems.

Exercise 19. Phrasal Verbs

a. Match the phrasal verbs (1-8) with their meanings (a-h).

1 You've had all the advantages in the world. Why would you get involved with that man when he'll only drag you down?

2 Keep to your study plan throughout the academic year and you're sure to do well.

3 In order to keep up with your classmates during your recovery you'll have to do a lot of revising at home.

4 The teacher managed to drag the confession out of the naughty pupil.

5 I keep back 10% of my pay each week for when Tommy attends university.

6 Why did you drag in the fact that you had never graduated in front of your new boss?

7 The lecture dragged on well into the afternoon.

8 The college kept the elderly gardener on even after he was too old to do much work.

a	adhere	e	manage to elicit
b	reserve	f	continue to employ
с	inappropriately	g	stay level with
	mention	h	continue
d	ruin, lessen sb		unnecessarily

b. Now use some of the phrasal verbs, in their correct form, to complete the sentences.

1 The arrogant young man managed to.............................................the information that he had three post-graduate degrees.

2 As the long winter ............................. the poor student pored over her text books night after night.

3 Even though he worked a full time job while getting his diploma, Sam managed to...............................his studies.

4 A good lecturer will ...................................... the syllabus in order not to confuse students.

5 Just admit you plagiarised your essay, he'll..................it...............you sooner or later anyway.

Exercise 20. Translate the following words and expressions into English:

школа жизни, основные предметы, учебный план, зубрить к экзаменам, аттестат о среднем образовании, плохо сдать экзамены, внеаудиторная работа, начальное образование ( в Англии ), подавать заявление, учиться в средней общеобразовательной школе, школы совместного обучения, прогуливать уроки, средняя школа ( в Америке ), колледж, готовящий для поступления в университет ( в Англии ), гуманитарные науки, получить образование в Оксфорде, хорошо ( плохо ) образованный, предоставить всестороннее образование, обязательные ( необязательные ) предметы, временно исключить из школы, шпаргалить на экзаменах, шпаргалка, переэкзаменовка, провалить экзамен, преподавательский состав, предъявлять высокие требования к школе, обязательная запись учеников, переводить из одного класса в другой, выйти из контроля местных органов образования.

Exercise 21. Translate into English using your Active Vocabulary:

1. Американцы глубоко верят в то, что образование является основным средством для осуществления личных амбиций, достижения социальных целей и материальных благ.

2. Образование в Америке является децентрализованным. В отличие от систем образования в других странах, которые обычно возглавляются и финансируются государством, американское образование находится в ведении штатов.

3. Предметы, которые изучаются в школах, определяются штатом и местными органами управления.

4. Дошкольное образование, с 3-х до 5 лет, не является обязательным. Начальная школа – для детей в возрасте от 6 до11 лет.

5. После окончания начальной школы ученики продолжают образование в средней школе (в младших и старших классах).

6.Выпускники средней школы, которые желают поступить в колледж, сдают стандартный тест на проверку способностей.

7.Результаты теста, вместе с общим учетом достижений в средней школе, представляются в колледж при поступлении.

8. В Великобритании более 90% детей обучаются в государственных общеобразовательных средних школах. Все государственные школы бесплатные, и школы предоставляют ученикам книги и оборудование.

9. В 1988 г. Британский Парламент принял закон о реформе образования. Согласно этому закону, во всех государственных школах Англии и Уэльса был введен государственный учебный план.

10. Государственный учебный план включает 10 предметов, которые все ученики должны изучать в школе (английский язык, математика, естественные науки, история, география, иностранный язык, музыка, искусство, современные технологии, физическое воспитание).

11. Ученики сдают экзамены в возрасте 7, 11, 14 лет, а в 16 лет сдают экзамен на аттестат о среднем образовании.

12. Некоторые ученики продолжают учебу в 6-ом классе и в возрасте 18 лет сдают экзамены повышенного уровня, обычно по трем предметам.

13. Необходимо сдать экзамены на повышенный уровень, чтобы поступить в университет.

14. Около 7% детей обучаются в (независимых) частных школах. Термин "независимый" означает независимый от государственного контроля.

15."Публичные" школы – это престижный и наиболее дорогой тип частной школы в Британии.

16. Наиболее известными частными школами являются Winchester, Eton, Rugby, Harrow. Для британцев их статус привлекателен сочетанием социального превосходства и антикварности.

17. Часто уже при рождении необходимо внести имя вашего ребенка в "список ожидающих", чтобы быть уверенным в том, что он получит место в "публичной" школе.

18. Хорошо известно, что британское наследие в области образования по-прежнему остается одним из лучших в мире.

Words and expressions: материальные блага – material welfare; децентрализованный – decentralized; находиться в ведении штатов – be responsibility of (be under the authority of); Закон о реформе образования –the Education Reform Act; сочетание социального превосходства и антикварности – combination of social superiority and antiquity; наследие – inheritance).