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Lesson 1 Parks(part 1)

  1. Read and learn the following words.

build (v) -строить

surround (v) -окружать

change (v) -изменять

design (v, n) -проектировать;проект

rest (v, n) -отдыхать

plant (v, n) -сажать, растение

try (v) -стараться, пытаться

support (v) - поддерживать

since (prp) - с тех пор

I'd like - мне хотелось бы

appear (v) -появляться

separate (v) -разделять

train (v) -тренировать

stone (n) -камень

wooden (a) -деревянный

landscape (n) -ландшафт

  1. Translate these international words, pronounce them property with the help of dictionary.

Vegetation (n), alley (n) architecture (n), reservoir (n), fountain (n), terrace (n), sculpture (n), water cascades (n), plan (v.n), nature (n), regular (a), irregular (a), decorate (v), geometry (n), proportion (n), imitate (v), Renaissance (n), Babylonian (a) suspension gardens.

3. Put the verbs"to have" and "to be '' into the proper forms. Translate these sentences.

A park (to be) an area with either planted or natural vegetation.

Parks (to be ) of two types: regular (or architectural) and irregular.

Regular parks (to be) planned in geometrical proportions.

Parks (to be) built already in very ancient times.

In the Middle ages parks and gardens (to have) their own deco­rative design.

  1. Match the Russian equivalent with the English one.

      1. People have been building cities 1. Они сажают парки и оставля since very ancient times. ют большие территории леса

      2. They have always been trying... без изменения.

2. Люди строят города с очень

      1. People have been surrounding давних времен.

their stone and wooden houses 3. Они всегда стараются...

with gardens. 4. Люди окружают садами свои

      1. They have been planting parks каменные и деревянные

and leaving large areas of fo- дома.

rest unchaged.

5. Read and translate the following text. Parks

People have been building cities and are living in them since very ancient times but they have always been trying not to sepa­rate themselves from nature too much, as nature gives rest. That is why they have been surrounding with gardens their stone and wood; wooden houses in cities and towns. They have been planting parks and leaving large areas of forest unchanged.

A park is an area with either planted or natural vegetation, roads, alleys, water reservoirs and various things to help people to rest and to spend their free time usefully.

Parks are of two types: regular (or architectural) and irregu­lar. Regular parks are planned in geometrical proportions of alleys, roads, gardens and waters, they are usually decorated with fountains, sculptures, etc.; in irregular parks trees, roads and waters imitate natural landscape unchanged by man.

Parks were built already in very ancient time. We know of won­derful architectural park of ancient Egypt. Everyone heard of the Babylonian suspension gardens. Beautiful landscape type parks

are known in ancient China. In ancient Greece special gardens were built with space to train the youth in sports and sport games. In Middle ages parks and gardens in Eastern countries had its own decorative design. In Europe of Renaissance period a new type of parks appeared. They consisted of a series of terraces and supporting walls and were richly decorated with sculpture and water cascades.

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