Grammar: adverd (прислівник)

1. Прикметник, іменник… + суфікс -LY (= суфікс -О в укр. мові): quickly - швидко, badly - погано, yearly - щомісячно, slowly - повільно…; 2. -L + -Y = -LLY: awful - awfully; 3. -LE + -Y = -LY: miserable - miserably, terrible - terribly, noble – nobly. True - truly. 4. -IC+ -AL + -LY= -ICALLY: automatic – automatically.

2. Знач. „в певному напрямі” = - WARD(S): back, in — backward (назад), inward (всередину)...

Ex. 3. Form the adverbs from the following adjectives.

Serious, slow, happy, noisy, awful, loud, cheap, quick, polite, true, gentle, dramatic, wonderful, beautiful, peaceful, sad, hopeful, sudden, miserable, bright, immediate, warm, soft, amazing, cordial, extensive, absolute, foolish, merry, steady, fair, cheerful, cold, careful, terrible, quiet, dangerous, certain.

Degrees of comparison of adverbs (ступені порівняння прислівників)

Спосіб утворення	Звичайний ступінь	Вищий ступінь	Найвищий ступінь
1. Синтетичний: одно/двосклад.сл. без суфікса -LY.	Fast Long Soon	faster longer sooner	the fastest the longest the soonest
NB!	Early	Earl + i + er	Earl + i + est
2. Аналітичний (-LY → похідні присл.):	Slowly Hardly	MORE/LESS slowly, hardly	THE + MOST/ LEAST slowly, hardly
3. Особливі випадки:	1. WELL 2. BADLY 3. LITTLE 4. MUCH	BETTER WORSE LESS MORE	THE BEST THE WORST THE LEAST THE MOST
4. Два варіанти: („порядок”) (дистанція) („порядок”) (дистанція) („порядок”)	LATE FAR NEAR	LATER LATTER FARTHER FURTHER NEARER	THE LATEST THE LAST THE FARTHEST THE FURTHEST THE NEAREST THE NEXT

Ex. 4. Put the adverb into the correct form.

1. He speaks English (correctly) of all in my group. 2. The fire was put out (quickly) than we expected. 3. Whose singing did you like (well), Mary’s, Nina’s or Helen’s ? 4. You ought to have told me (early). 5. Now I can see the ship (clearly) than before. 6. Which of these two books did you enjoy (much) ?7. Which of all these books did you enjoy (much)? 8. Which of the students ran (fast) at the contest? 9. She visits them (frequently) than us. 10. I like this book (well) than that.

Ex.5. Chose the right varient: 1. The answer was not (satisfactory, satisfactorily). 2. The question can be answered quite (simple, simply). 3. He came into the room very (quiet, quietly). 4. It is not (good, well) for you to smoke. 5. I did not rest very (good, well) last night. 6. He wrote his dictation (bad, badly). 7. He is a (brave, bravely) man. 8. The weather is (cold, coldly) to-day. 9. This is a (comfortable, comfortably) chair. 10. We traveled (comfortable, comfortably). 11. The two sisters were dressed (different, differently). 12. He is (dangerous, dangerously) ill. 13. The children seem to be very (happy, happily). 14. They lived (happy, happily). 15. She looked round (helpless, helplessly). 16. She is quite (helpless, helplessly). 17. The sea was (quiet, quietly). 18. He goes to school (regular, regularly).

REMEMBER!

NB! Після дієслів (сенсорного/чуттєвого) сприйняття вжив. лише прикм.:
1. TO FEEL (відчувати). 2. TO SEEM (здаватися). 3. TO APPEAL (визивати). 4. TO BE (бути). 5. TO BECOME (стати). 6. TO STAY (залишатися).	7. TO GO (йти). 8. TO GET (виходити). 9.TO LOOK (виглядати). 10. TO SOUND (звучати). 11.TO SMELL (пахнути). 12.TO TASTE (смакувати).
E.g.: This cake tastes delicious. This symphony sounds perfect.
NB! ПІСЛЯ дієсл. сенсорного/чуттєвого сприйняття ― ПРИСЛ., якщо за ним стоїть ПРИКМЕТНИК.
E.g.: This pie was fantastic. ≠ This pie was fantastically delicious. The roof was dangerous. ≠ The roof was dangerously broken. Marry is serious. ≠ Marry is seriously ill.

Ex. 6. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of adverbs or adjectives.

a) 1. This cake tastes ... . I advise you to take a slice of it. (A delicious, B deliciously) 2. This symphony sounds ... . Shall we listen to it again? (A perfect, B perfectly) 3. Look at this fish! It looks ... . (A wonderful, B wonderfully) 4. The dinner which is on the table smells ... . (A nice, B nicely) 5. This silk feels ... . Will you buy it? (A soft, B softly) 6. Your broth always tastes ... . Will you give me the recipe? (A good, B well) 7. This music sounds ... . Will you turn the radio off? (A awful, B awfully) 8. The cloth you bought yesterday feels ... . (A smooth, B smoothly) 9. She looks ... . When did you meet her before? (A pretty, B prettily) 10. This custard smells ... . Will you give me a bit of it. (A tasty, B tastily) 11. Sidney Sheldon became ... as soon as his book has been popular. (A famous, B famously) 12. This silk feels ... and she wants to buy it. (A good, B well) 13. The soup tasted ... and we really enjoyed it. (A delicious, B deliciously) 14. This music sounds ... . I should like to buy this cassette. (A nice, B nicely) 15. What happened in here? The room is full of smoke and it smells … . (A awful, B awfully)

b) 1. She is … (A awful, B awfully). 2. She is … (A awful, B awfully) beautiful. 3. Her speech is ... (A wonderful, B wonderfully). 4. Her speech is … (A wonderful, B wonderfully) clear. 5. Ann's dress is ... (A usual, B usually). 6. Ann's dress is ... (A usual, B usually) perfect. 7. He is ... (A good, B well). 8. He is ... (A good, B well) bred. 9. His actions are ... (A nervous, B nervously). 10. His actions are ... (A nervous, B nervously) quick.

READING: HARVARD UNIVERSITY

One of the oldest universities in the USA is Harvard.

Harvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature.

Harvard was named after its first benefactor, John Harvard. Although it was never formally affiliated with a church, the college primarily trained Congregationalist and Unitarian clergy.

Harvard's curriculum and students became increasingly secular throughout the 18th century and by the 19th century had emerged as the central cultural establishment among Boston elites. Following the American Civil War, President Charles W. Eliot's forty year tenure (1869–1909) transformed the college and affiliated professional schools into a centralized research university, and Harvard became a founding member of the Association of American Universities in 1900.

During the 20th century, Harvard's international reputation grew as a burgeoning endowment and prominent professors expanded the university's scope. Explosive growth in the student population continued with the addition of new graduate schools and the expansion of the undergraduate program. Radcliffe College, established in 1879 as sister school of Harvard College, became one of the most prominent schools for women in the United States.

A faculty of approximately 2,160 professors, lecturers, and instructors serve as of school year 2008-09, with 6,715 undergraduate and 12,424 graduate students.

The school color is crimson, which is also the name of the Harvard sports teams and the daily newspaper, The Harvard Crimson.

Harvard University is consistently found at or near the top of various national and international rankings of colleges and universities as conglomerate institutions.