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. "Sheremetyevo blames Aeroflot for the

transport collapse"17; 3aroJIOBOK «I>H-6H-CH»:

"Moscow flight chaos causes airport scuffies"18.

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17 http://www.russia-ic.com/news/show/1 1 359/ (KcTa­

TI1, BJlaueJlbUbI 3Toro nopTaJJaTpOraTeJlbHO np113HaIOTCll: 'The main goal of the project is to convey the information to our readers and we do not make the writing style our priority. English is the second language for us, therefore, we would be grateful if you informed us about the errors you noticed in our content").

18 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe- 1 20843 1 9

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Ha naM5ITb npHXO.IlHT HCTOPH5I, He TaK

.IlaBHO npOH3011Ie.IlllIa51 Ha O.IlHOM H3 POCCHH­ CKHX TeJIeKaHaJIOB. nepeBO.Il'lHK 3MYMaJIC5I o TOM, KaK npOH3HOCHTC5I (H, CJIe.IlOBaTeJIbHO, KaK TpaHCKpH6HPyeTC5I KHpl1JIJIHueH) <i>aMH­ JIH5I BHyqKH YI1HCTOHa Qep'lHJIJI5l , B aHrJIHH­ CKOM HanHcaHHH - Sandys. PM PYCCK05l3bI'l­ HbIX HCTO'lHHKOB (BnpO'leM, He npeTeH.llYIOLUHX Ha CTaryc HopMaTHBHbIX) ynOMHHaJI 3ry )J(eH­ LUHHY no.Il HMeHeM «CeJIHH/CHJIHH CaH.llHC» . npaB.Ila, nepeBO)l'lHKYY.IlaJIOCbHaHTH MaTepH­ aJIbI Ha aHrJIHHCKOM 513bIKe, YKa3bIBalOLUHe Ha TO, 'ITO B aHrJIHHCKOH apHCTOKpaTH'IeCKOH <i>aMHJIHH Sandys 6YKBa «Y» He npOH3HOCHTC5I H BC5I <i>aMHJIH5I '1HTaeTC5I KaK Sands. HaKo­ Heu, aHrJI05l3bI'IHbIH KoppeCnOH)leHT KaHaJIa, 6ep51 Y 3TOH )J(eHllI,HHbI HHTepBblO, B 06palll,e­ HHH K HeH npOH3Hec ee <i>aMHJIHIO [srendz].

nepeBO.Il'lI1K 06paTHJIC5I B npecc-cJIY)J(6y KaHaJIa C npocb60H H3MeHHTb PYCCKoe HanH­ caHHe <i>aMHJIHH COOTBeTCTBYlOllI,HM06pa30M, HO, HaCKOJIbKO MHe H3BeCTHO, Ha'laJIbCTBO OCTaJIOCb rJIyxO K ero npe)lJIO)J(eHHIO. CaMoe 3a6aBHoe, 'ITO YCTaHOBHTb BepHoe KHPHJIJIH­ '1eCKOe HanHcaHHe 3TOH <i>aMHJIHH MO)J(HO 6bIJIO .Ila)J(e 6e3 XHTPOYMHbIX pa3bICKaHHH. B H3BeCTHOM «CJIOBape aHrJIHHCKHX <i>aMH­ JIHH» A.M. PbI6aKHHa YKa3aHO:

[srendz] CaH.ll3» . DOJIee TOro, .IlaeTC5I n05lCHe­ HHe, H3 KOToporo CTaHOBHTC5I 51CHO, 'ITO Sandys - BapHaHT <i>aMHJIHH Sand (Sands, Sandes).

KaK TYT elll,e pa3 HenpOUHTHpOBaTb I1cnaHCKoro <i>HJIoco<i>a, KOTOPbIH rOBOpHJI:

CeroAH5I, Hal1pOTliB, Y cpeAHero '-IeJIOBeKa caMbIe HeYKOCHI1TeJIbHbIe l1peACTaBJIeHI1S1 ofio BCeM, '-ITO TBOPI1TCSl I1 AOJI)J(HOTBOPI1TbCSI BO Bce­ JIeHHoH. II03ToMY OH pa3Y'-lI1JIC5I CJIywaTb. 3a'-leM, eCJII1 Bce OTBeTbI OH HaXOAI1T B caMOM cefie? HeT HI1KaKOrO CMbICJIa BbICJIYWI1BaTb, 11, HanpOTI1B, KYAa eCTeCTBeHHee CYAI1Tb, pewaTb, 113peKaTb l1Pl1fOBOp. He OCTaJIOCbTaKOH ofiwecT­ BeHHOH l1pOfiJIeMbI, KYAa fibI OH He BCTPeBaJI, 110BCIOAY OCTaBa5ICb fJIyxHM 11 CJIenbIM 11 BCIOAY HaB5I3bIBa5I CBOI1 «B3fJIMbI,,21 .

MO)J(eT B03HHKHYTb Bonpoc, HeT JIH npo­ THBOpe'll15l: C O.IlHOH CTOPOHhI yTBep)K)laeTC5I ueHHocTbTpMHlJ.HH H CKPOMHOCTH, C .IlPyroH - peKOMeH.llyeTC5I MbICJIHTb He3aBHCHMO BnJIOTb

.IlO HH.IlHBH)lYaJIbHOrO 6YHTa. Ha caMOM .IleJIe HeT. Bo-nepBbIX, B 3noxy JIOMKH YCToeB, KYJIbryPHOH aHapXHH npHBep)J(eHHocTb Tpa­

.IlHUH5IM OKa3bIBaeTC5I '1YTb JIH He 3KcueHT­ pl1'1HeHllIeH BhIXO.IlKOH (nonp06yHTe rmcaTb 3JIeKTpOHHhIe nHCbMa 6e3 CMaHJIHKOB HJIH nepeBO.IlHTb )lJI5I rJI5IHueBOro HaJIa He HC­ nOJIb3Y5I CJIOBO «3KCKJII03HBHbIH» ).

BO-BTOPbIX, H BHellIHHH KOHcepBaTH3M, H BHelllHee HOBaTopCTBO MOfyT 6bITb KaK 06.IlY­ MaHHbIMH, caMOCT05lTeJIbHbIMH, TaK H ueJIH­ KOM 3aHMCTBOBaHHbIMI1, nonyraHcKHMH. CYTb npe)lJIaraeMOro 3.IleCb nO)lXO.Ila K npenO.IlaBa­ HHIO He B TOM, '1T06bI CTY.IleHTbI YCHaLUaJIH CBOH nepeBO.IlbI 060pOTaMH BpO.Ile «HeYCbInHO

21 Opmeca-u-Faccem X. YKa3. COL[. C. 68-69.

BbICOTe, JIerKO 3TY npO<peCCHIO (H, pa3YMeeT­ j CR, CBOe MeCTO B HeM) nOTepRTb. KaK rOBopHT0pTera-H-racceT:

CKYAOCTb HcnaHcKoH HHTeJIJIeKTYaJIbHOH KYJIbTYPbI He B 60JIbllIeHHJIH MeHbllIeH HeXBaTKe 3HaHHH, a B TOH npHBbI'IHOH 6eCllIa6allIHOCTH, C KaKOH rOBOpSIT H nHllIYT, He CJIHllIKOM 3a6OTJIH­ BO cBepsrncb C HCTHHOit CJIOBOM, 6eAa He B 60JIbllIeH HJIH MeHbllIeH HeHCTHHHOCTH... a B

2S

I- He 60r BeCTb KaKaR OpHrHHaJIbHaR

MbICJIb, 'ITO, npenO.LI:aBaR HeKHM npe.LI:MeT, MbI

BCer.LI:a yqHM eme '1eM)'-TO, 'ITO Hanp.SlM)'1O K

npe.LI:MeTY He OTHOCHTCR. B nyqIIIeM cnyqae 3TO

.LI:06pOCOBeCTHOCTb, YBIDKeHHe K OKp)')KaIO­ mHM H K ce6e, '1eJIOBe'leCKaR H HayqHaR nopR­

.LI:O'lHOCTb, 3.LI:OPOBbIM H.LI:eaJIH3M. B XY.LI:IIIeM - XHTPOCTb, l.I,HHH3M, HaxaJIbCTBO, JIHl.I,eMepHe.

24 Opmeza-u-Faccem. YKa3 CO'!.C. 70.

B.H. TcrrMlqeB

PA3roBOP ABYl nPMSlTEnEA

o nOJIblE HAYKM M Y'IMJlMlqAX(1730-e rr.)

-KOTopble HayKI1 none3HbI?

-l 1 Hopop,Hble fl3b1KI1, p,a6bl Mbi p,pyrI1X, He TonbKO COCTOfll1ll1X C HaMI1 nOAAaHCTBOM BHyrpb POCCI1I1, HO 11

nOrpaHIo I ' f H lXb I1nl1 I1MelOl1Il1X C HI1M TOprl1 11 BO H bI Hapop,OB pa3YMeTb 11 11M Hawe MHeHl1e 06'bflBI1Tb MOrnl1. Ho cl1e none3HO rorp,a TOKMO, Korp,a npaBl1nbHO ynoTpe6nfleMO, 6e3paccyp,Hoe >Ke ynorpe6neHl1e, TO eCTb np"MeWIBaHle I 1 HOfl3b1'1HblX cnOB B CBO fl3b1K, Bpep,I1TenbHO. KaK TO BI1p,I1M MHOrl1x, HO 6onbweIO 'IaCTI1IO Hepa3YMHblx 11 HeY'leHblX, OT XBaCTOBCTBa 11

51 nOCTapaJICR BKpaTl.I,e onHcaTbTe YCTaHOBKH, KOTOPbIMH B np0l.l,eCce npenO.LI:aBaHHR nepe­ BO.LI:aPYKOBO.LI:CTBYIOCb .SI H MOH KOMerH.

BIDKHO nOHHMaTb, 'ITO, eCJIH 6bI He 6bIDO HX, 6bIDH 6bI .LI:pyrHe, HO HX MeCTO Bce paBHO 6bI He nyCTOBaJIO: npOCTO BMeCTO TPa.LI:Hl.I,HH 6bIDa 6bI aHapXHR, BMeCTO CKPOMHOCTH - CaMOJII060BaHHe, BMeCTO OTBeTCTBeHHOCTH - 6e30TBeTCTBeHHOCTb H T• .LI:• .l1.IDKe eCJIH 6bI npe­ nO.LI:aBaTeJIb nOCTaBHJI ce6e 3a.LI:a'lY He PYKO­ BO.LI:CTBOBaTbCR HH'IeM, KpOMe «'1HCTOrO nepe­ BO.LI:OBe.LI:eHH.SI» (HJIH «'1HCTOM nepeBO.LI:'1eCKOM npaKTHKH»), 060MTHCb 6e3 onpe.LI:eJIeHHOrO H.LI:eOJIOm'leCKoro nO.LI:XO.LI:a eMY 6bI He Y.LI:a­ JIOCb. n03TOMY, .LI:YMaeTCR MHe, .LI:aTb ce6e OT'leT B CBOHX H.LI:eOJIOrH'IeCKHX YCTaHOBKax Bce )Ke nOJIe3HO - .LI:a H CTY.LI:eHTaM «npaBHJIa HrpbI» CTaHYT nOHRTHee.

Hepa3cyp,HOCTI1 He TOKMO B pa3roBopax, HO B nl1CbMaX BeCbMa Hy>KP.HblX crpaHHble cnoBa ynorpe6nfllOT, Pta 11 K TOMY He B TO cl1ne 11 pa3YMe I1nl1 HenpaBl1nbHO, a Anfl 'Iero TO, CaMI1 CKa3aTb He YMeIOT, KpOMe XBaCTaHbfl, 'ITO YMeeT 'Iy>Kl1e cnoBa BbirOBOp"Tb; a 'ITO I1C Toro Bpep,a npOI1CXOp,IIIT,TOro OHI1 pa3CYAI1Tb He MOryr.

113 KOTOPbIX rroKpbIBaeT JII1IIIb OnHo 113 qaCTHbIX 3HaqeHI1H I1HOH3bIQHOrO CJIOBa. OnHaKO nIDKe Bce CJIOBapHble COOTBeTCTBI1H B I1X COBOKYTIHO­

CTI1He OXBaTbIBaIOT rrOJIHOCTbIO IIII1POKOH ceMaH­ TI1KI1 CJI0Ba TI51».

3neCb MbI paCCMOTpMM 3ry np06JIeMY Ha

• npMMepe nepeBOna CJIOB llIMPOKOM CeMaHTM­ c; KIf C aHfJIMiIcKOrO 5I3bIKa Ha PYCCKIfM, qTO

("J qaCTO CB5I3aHO co 3HaqMTeJIbHbIMM 3aTPYnHe­

S'

HM5IMM.

Arm CJIOBapHoro nOMCKa 3KBMBaJIeHTOB B 3TOM M nOCJIenYJOIIIMX npMMepax MbI MCnOJIb30BaJIMEAPC (MHornanOnOJIHeHHbIM « MYJIb­ TMTpaHOM» ) M. «Be6cTep».

AHfJIO-PYCCKIfM CJIOBapb naeT CJIenYJOIIIMe 3HaqeHM5I BblneJIeHHbIX CJIOB, aneKBaTHaH nepenaqa KOTOPbIX «C nepBOM nOnbITKM.», CKOpee Bcero, 6YneT 06peqeHa Ha Heynaqy:

Context - KOHTeKCT; cI1TyaL(I1H; cpena, OKp)')KeHl1e; in the context of- B YCJIOBI1HX.

Opinion - MHeHl1e; B3rJIHn; yfie)J()leHlfe; OL(eHKa; 3aKJIIOQeHI1e (3KcrrepTa).

Newspaper account - ra3eTHoe coofimeHl1e, OrqeT; Orrl1CaHlfe, paCCKa3; OL(eHKa.

Y6enMBIliMcb, qTO 3HaqeHMH, npe,IJ,JIarae­ Mble nBY5I3blqHbIMM. CJIOBapHMM., He BnOJIHe ynOBJIeTBOpM.TeJIbHbI (BapMaHT «B ueJIOM nec­ CMMMCTM.qeCKIfMOT'IeT 0» ,Il,JI5I nepenaqM. account CJIMIliKOM Y30K no 3HaqeHMIO ,Il,JI5I naHHoro KOHTeKCTa), MbI npOnOJDKlUIM nOM.CK B «Be6-

CTepe» . llpe,IJ,JIaraeMble TaM qeHM.H CJIOBa

context nO-CBoeMY npeKpaCH , HO OHM. HM.KaK He pellIaIOT HallieM np06JIeM I:

The parts ofa discourse that surround a word or passage and can throw light on its meaning;

The interrelated conditions in which something exists or occurs.

AueKBaTHO BocnpOM3BecTM CMbICJI opMrM­

HaJIa MbI CMOrJIM, TOJIbKO BbI:H;:ur B 3KCTPa­

JIMHrBM.CTM.qeCKIfM KOHTeKCT.

TIpenpaccynKI1 ee perropTepoB rIJIIOC ceron­ HHiliHee rrpenrrOQTeHl1e 3JIeKTPOHHbIMI1 CMH

'<:: '

UIHpoKoro nOJIHTll'leCKoro KOHTeKCTa 11 KOMMeH­ Tapl1H (T.e. HHTepnpeTaIUlH C06b1THH) B ymep6 <i>aKTaM rrpl1BeJII1 B L(eJIOM K rreCCI1MI1CTI1QeCKO­

My oCBellleHHloneHCTBI1H BeJII1Kofipl1TaHl111 H CIIIAno, B xone 11 nOCJIe BOVtHbI.

AueKBaTHOCTb 06eCneqeHa M.CnOJIh30BaHM­ eM YToqH5IIOIIIRXCJIOB, cY')KaIOIIIRX3HaqeHI1e « <IlIM.POKOro nOJIM.TM.qeCKoro», «C06bITM.M») I1 non60pOM 3KBMBaJIeHTa no 6JIM3KM.M CJIOBap­ HbIM COOTBeTCTBMHM (B naHHOM cnyqae - 3TO CM.HOHM.M «ocBeIIIeHM.e»).

Paragraph Nine ofthe preamble establishes a bias against missile defense.

llOCJIe,Il,YJOIIIMM KOHTeKCT:

It accepts our "current" defenses while implying that future U.S. defensive systems might undermine the "viability and effectiveness" of Russia's strategic nuclear force.

EAPC: 1 . YKJIOH, HaKJIOH, CKJIOH, rrOKaTOCTb 3. rrpH­ CTpaCTI1e, rrpe.uy6e)i(.!\eHHe 5. CMeIIIeHl1e, oUI116Ka, rrorpeiliHOCTb 113MepeHHH.

«Be6cTep» : bent, tendency <a man of antiquarian bias>.

<P0PMYJII1POBKH rraparpa<i>a 9 rrpeaMfiYJIbI CTpanaIOT onpeneJIeHHOH TeHneHL(1103HOCTbIO, HarrpaBJIeHHOH rrpOTI1B npOTI1BOpaKeTHoH ofio­ POHbI.

lloqeMY 5I He M.CnOJIb30BaJICJIOBO «YKJIOH»? llOTOMY qTO B PYCCKOM 5I3bIKe OHO CB5I3aHO C MCTOpM.qeCKMM nOJIM.TMqeCKM.M KOHTeKCTOM (JIeBble M npaBble YKJIOHMCTbI - deviationists B PyccKO-aHrJIMMCKOM OKC<popne) M MMeeT HeCKOJIbKO MHOM CMbICJI. KCTaTM, TaM )l(e naeT­ CH CJIenYJOIIIM.M 3KBMBaJIeHT CJIOBa «YKJIOH»: (jig .) bias, tendency. Kpyr 3aMKHYJICH. BnOJIHe npMeMJIeMbIM 6bill 6bI M. BapM.aHT co CJIOBOM «KpeH» (oTMeTMM, qTO 3TO 3HaqeHMe CJIOBa bias He 3a<pM.KCMpOBaHO B CJIOBapHX).

On Monday, Greenpeace for the first time issued a national guide for American consumers that rates toilet tissue brands on their environmental soundness.

.llOKCaJIbHOCTh.

113 3TOM CJIOBapHOM CTaTbM CJIenyeT, qTO qaCTO onpeneJIeHM.e KOHuenryaJIbHoro 3Haqe-

H1UI CJIOBa HeB03MO)KH0 6e3 BBeJl:eHIUI yrOq­ HHTeJIeH (<<C}')KJl:eHIDI», «Jl:OBOJl:OB»). 3T0 3aMe­ qaHHe CrrpaBeMHBO H B OTHOlIIeHHH rrepeBO­

.l{a, TOJIbKO rrOHClUllOIUHeCJIOBa B 3TOM CJIyqae 6YJl:yr Jl:pYrHe.

06paIUeHHe K «Be6cTepy» HHqero K 3TO­ MY CrrHCKY 3HaqeHHH He rrpH6aBHJIO. The Word Finder (by 1.1. Rodale) Jl:aeT 60JIblIIOH cnHCOK HapeqHH, C KOTOPbIMH COqeTaeTCH rrpHJIaraTeJIbHOe sound, HO HH OJl:HO H3 HHX He yrOqHHeT 06JIaCTH Jl:eHCTBHTeJIbHOCTH, K KO­ TOPOH OHO OTHOCHTCH. II03TOMY rrpeMarae­ MblH rrepeBOJl: rrOJIyqeH rryreM BbIXOJl:a B 3KCT­ paJIHHrBHCTHqeCKHH KOHTeKCT.

B IIOHe,lleJIbHHK fPHHIIHC oIIy6JIHKOBaJI nepBbIH HaUHOHaJIbHbIH CIIpaBOqHHK ,llJIHaMe­ pHKaHCKHX IIoTpe6HTeJIeH, B KOTOPOM 6peH,llbI ryaJIeTHOH 6YMam oueHHBaIOTCH C TOqKH 3peHHH B03,lleHCTBHH Ha OKpyxaIOmYIO cpe,lly.

Bapuanm: ...oueHHBaIOTCH Ha OCHOBaHHH

3KOJIOrHqeCKHX KpHTepHeB.

The Anglo-Saxon distress will doubtless prompt Schadenfreude across the English Channel.

BAPC: distress - rope, 6e,lla; 6e,llCTBHe;6e,llCTBeH­ Hoe rrOJIO)KeHHe.

Ha HalII B3rJlHJl:,C TOqKH 3peHHH IPYHKUH­ OHaJIbHOrO CTMJIH B Jl:aHHOM KOHTeKCTe HH 0Jl:­ HO H3 rrpeMaraeMbIX 3HaqeHHH He HBJIHeTCH CTorrpoueHTHO YJl:OBJIeTBOpHTeJIbHbIM, H MbI rrOJl:06paJIHIPpa3eOJIOrH'leCKHH CHHOHHM.

He3llBH,llHoenOJIOlKellHe, B KOTOPOM OKaJaJIaCb BeJIHK06pHTaHHH, 6e3YCJIOBHO, Bbl30BeT eXH,llHoe JIHKOBaHHe Ha ,llpyrOHcTopoHe JIa-MaHilla.

PaCCMOTPHM B03MO)KHOCTH rrepeBOJl:a Jl:0- BOJIbHO qaCTO BCTPeqalOIUeHCH JIeKCeMbI idea. Ee OCHOBHble 3HaqeHIDI B EAPCe:

l1aeH, MbICJIb; rrpe,llCTaBJIeHHe, rrOHHTHe; MHeHHe, B3rJIJI.ll,y6e)K,lleHHe;Brre'laTJIeHHe, rrpe,llrrOJIO)Ke­ HHe, ,llora,uKa;lIJIaH, HaMepeHHe, 3aMbICeJI, Me'lTa; 06paJ MblIIIJIeHHH; MYJ. TeMa.

Bo MHorHX CJIyqaHX, KaK 3TO HMeeT MeCTO B CJIeJl:YIOIUeM rrpHMepe, rrpeMaraeMble B CJIO­ Bape 3HaqeHIDI rrpeKpaCHO JIO)lGlTCH B TeKCT rrepeBOJl:a.

We modems may not care much for the idea of eternally playing harps and singing hymns of

HbIX rrpHqHH, rrOJl:p06HOe paCCMOTpeHHe KOTOPbIX BbIXOJl:HT 3a paMKH Jl:aHHOH CTaTbH. Borrpoc Jl:aBHO pa3pa60TaH TeopeTHKaMH KaK JIHHrBHCTHqeCKOH, TaK H JIHTepaTYPOBeJl:qe­ CKOH TeopHH rrepeBOJl:a. Ha30BeM JIHlIIbHapylIIeHHe COqeTaeMOCTH B IIJI H HerrpHeMJIe­ MOCTb C TOqKH 3peHHH TOro HJIH HHoro IPYHKUHOHaJIbHOro CTHJIH IIJI.

And the idea that particular sorts ofexceUence thrive best in tight and specialized communities...

is wrong.

ExceUence BAPC: COBepIIIeHCTBO; Bbl,llaIOmeeCH MacrepcrBO (Harrp., HCrrOJIHeHHH); BblCOKoe Ka'le­ CTBO (Harrp., 06pa6orKH).

Tight BAPC: KOMrraKTHblH; IIJIOTHO rrpHrnaHHbIit

Thrive BAPC: 1. rrpOUBeTaTb, rrpeycrreBaTb; he thrives on other people's misfortunes - OH HIDKHBa­ eTCH Ha... 2. UBeCTH, paJpacTaTbCH; (B rrpl1Mepax ,llaIOTCHeIIIe KOHTeKcryaJIbHbIe3Ha'leHHH: TY'lHeTb, paCUBeTaTb).

YrBeplImellHe, 'ITO onpe,lleJIeHHblecnoco6Ho­ CTH K BLmIUOuntMCH ,llOCTIDKellHHM BTOR HJIH HUOR o6JIacTH palBHBIlIOTCH HIlHJIY'IIIIHMo6pa30M B (rec­ HO) cnlUlHllhIXCrreUHaJIH3HpOBaHHblx co06me­ CTBax rrpe,llCTaBJUleTCH HerrpaBHJIbHbIM.

Idea, thrive, tight rrepeJl:aHbI CHHOHHMaMH CJIOBapHbIX 3KBHBaJIeHTOB. .l1.JIH rrepeJl:aqH excellence rrpHllIJIOCbrrpH6erHyrb K pa3BepHY­ TOMY orrHcaHHIO.

With no red peril any longer, the idea of a commander-in-chief in a skirt is surely no longer one for men to fear.

C YX0,llOM «KpacHoM orraCHOCTH» B rrpOIIIJIoe M HHbI yxe MOryr He orracaTbCH, 'ITO rrOCT BepxoBHoro rnaBHOKOMaH,llYIOmero 3aMMeT )KeH­ mHHa.

IIMIIJIHKaIUUl- YXOJl: CJIOBa OpHrHHaJIa B rrOJl:TeKCT IIJI.

Dealing with the idea about the use of property in ancient times and the use of property today, I think it is about the same.

liTO KaCaeTC51 npe.ucTaBJIeHHH 06 HCIIOJIh30BaHHH HM)'lllecTBa B ):{peBHocTH H cero):{H5l, TO MHe npe):{CTaBJI5leTC51, 'ITO OHH 60JIee RJIH MeHee COBna,QaIOT.

CJ")

C:::J, Principle, policies and ideology play no part in

Nigerian politics.

nPHHUHIIHaJIhHOCTh, nOJIHTH'leCKaB JIHHHB

(ceH'IaC }')Ke MO)l(HO YBH,UeTh nepeBO):{ «nOJIHTH­ KI1» BO MHO)l(eCTBeHHOM '1HCJIe - H.ll.) H H,Ueo­ JIonUI He HrpalOT HHKaKOH POJIH B nOJIHTH'Ie­ CKOH )l(H3HH HHrepHH.

TaK KaK B EAPCe eCTb 3HaqeHHe «npHH­ LU1IIHaJIbHb1l1» (a man of principle), HO HeT «npHHUHnHaJIbHOCTH» , MbI MO)!(eM rOBopHTb o reHepaJIH3alUlH CJIOBapHoro COOTBeTCTBHSI..

B CJIyqae nepe,lla'lH policies HMeeT MeCTO

H3MeHeHHe '1HCJIa.

It has been a long contest for the most powerful job going, a tight race run as much on matters of character and political acumen as on the issues.

EAPC npe,llJlaraeT BnOJIHe xpecToMaTHM­ Hble nepeBO,llbI CJIOBOCOqeTaHHM "major international issues, international issues of mutual interest, controversial issues"

Character - perryraUH5l; CJIY)Ke6HllllxapaKTepH­ CTHKa; rrpH3HaK; JIH'lHOCTb.

«MYJIbTHTpaH» ,llJlSlnepe,llaqH.character He npe,llJlaraeT HHqerO JIyqIIIero, qeM «3THqeCKHe KaqeCTBa JIHqHOCTH» (c nOMeTOM aeual(UOHHaJI

MeaUl(UHa).

B COBOK)'IlHOCTH ,llBYSl.3bl'lHble CJIOBapH npe,llJlaralOT IIIHpOKHM ,lIHana30H 3HaqeHHM, HeKOTopble H3 KOTOPbIX «rrO,llBOMT» K OMy.

Be.ueTC51 IIpO):{OJI)!(HTeJIhHa51 60ph6a 3a BhIC­ UIHH IIOCT B cTpaHe. KaH.QH,UaThI HMelOT IIO'lTH paBHhle llIaHChI Ha n06e):{y, KOTOpa51 6y):{eT 3aBH­ ceTb He TOJIhKO OT HX IIOJIHTH'IeCKOH CMeKaJIKH H JIH'lHOCTHbIX KaqeCTB, HO H OT oxn03HIUlH no ca­ MblM aKT)'aJIbHblM np06JIeMaM, CTOBIIlHM nepe.u cTpaHoH.

His administration never built a strong public case for engagement with Iran.

EAPC: The Engagement - TaHHblH ):{orOBOp KapJ1a I C 1lI0TJIaH,QCKHMH rrpeCBHTepHaHaMH.

3a BCe 3TO BpeM5l ero a,QMHHHcrpaUl15l TaK H He BhmBHHYJ1a y6e):{HTeJIhHhIX.QJI5l 3JIeKTOpaTa ap­ ryMeHTOB B IIOJIh3Y TOro, 'IT06bl KaK-TO .uOroBO­ PHTbCB C MpaHOM (BCTYIIHTh B ):{HaJIOrC I1paHoM).

PeIIIeHHe - onHCaTeJIbHbIM nepeBO,llHa OCHOBe CJIOBapHOro 3HaqeHIDI C H3MeHeHHeM qaCTH peqH (3,l1eCb Bep6aJIH3aUIDI).

This kind of implied that if something happened, we might re-engage.

no):{pa3YMeBaeTC51, 'ITO MhI MOfJIH 6bI nonbI­ TaThCH BHOBb 3aBB3aTb OTHomeHHB (.uuaJIor).

Exposure to modern open societies and engagement with them is more prolonged and intense than in any previous period of Russian history.

3a BCIO HCTOPHIO POCCHH BJIHBHHe Ha Hee cOBpeMeHHhlx OTKphIThIX 06LUecTB H CBB3H C HH­ MH HHKor):{a He 6hIJIH CTOJIh )l(e MHTeJIhHhIMH H HHTeHCHBHhIMH, KaK Ha COBpeMeHHOM 3Tane.

MO)!(HOTpaKTOBaTb npe,llJlaraeMbIM nepe­

BO,ll exposureKaKJIOrHqeCKOe pa3BHTHe: B fJIy­

OHHHOH cTPYKTYPe OpHmHaJIa POCCHB BBJIBeTCB OO'beKTOM B03,l1eHCTBHB (naTHeHcoM): Russia has been exposed to modern open societies. B IIe­ peBO,llengagement - HCnOJIb30BaH CHHOHHM CJIOBapHoro 3HaqeHIDI.

The exact combination of bribery and/or incompetence that allowed him to slip away is unclear.

KaK HMeHHO OH YJIH3HYJI He HCHO - TO JIH OH ):{aJI B3HTKY, TO JIH ero npOMOpraJIH Ha rpaHHue,

TO JIH H TO H ):{pyroe BMeCTe.

3,l1eCb H bribery H incompetence - HOMHHa­ JIH3aUHH my6HHHbIX IIpe,llHKaUHM (Leech) -

He gave bribes. Responsible offi cials were incompetent.

IIepeBo,llqecKoe peIIIeHHe - pa3BepTblBa­ HHe HOMHHaJIH3aUHH C 3KCnJIHUHpOBaHHeM KOMnOHeHTOB (aKTaHTOB H npe,llHKaToB) my6HHHOM CTPYKTYPbI.

Self-exculpation, hyperactivity (contrasted with alleged Tory inertia), homes and hope: that is Labour's political strategy.

3,l1eCb npe,llCTaBJUlIOT HHTepec ,lIBa CJIOBa, OqeHb KOMrraKTHO npe,llCTaBJI5IIOIIIHe 3JIeMeH­ TbI rrOJIHTH'IeCKOM cTpaTerHH JIeM6opHcTOB.