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5 Gut! E-A. Pragmatic Aspects of Translation: Some RelevanceTheory Observations // The Pragmatics of Translation / Ed. by Leo Hickey / Topics in Translation: 1 2. - Clevedon, Philadelphia, Toronto, Sydney, Johannesburg: Multilingual Matters LtdE, 1 998, p. 46.
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6 Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies / Ed. by Mona Baker. - London, New York: Routledge, 200 1 , p . 1 06- 1 1 1 .
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8 EY3aiJ:JICu ,a.M. nepeBo,!\'1IfK rrp03pa'lHblH If Herrp03pa'lHblH // MOCTbI 2(22)/2009. - M . : P . BarreHT, 2009. C. 3 1 -38.
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10 Sela-Sheffy R., Shlesinger M. Strategies of image making and status advancement of translators and interpreters as a marginal occupational group A research project in progress // Beyond Descriptive Translation Studies / ed. by Anthony Pym, Miriam Shlesinger, Daniel Simeonit. - Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2008, p. 80.
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nonpo6yeT npl1MeHI1Tb 3TOT )J;eMarOrI1'-1eCKI1H JI03YHr Ha npaKTI1Ke. Y Hero peWI1TeJIbHO HI1'-1e ro He nOJIY'lI1TCH I1JII1 nOJIY'lI1TCH B31l0p. KaK B caMOM )J;eJIe )lOJI)((HbI 6bIJII1 nocrynl1Tb Te MaCTe pa nepeBO)la, Ha KOTOPbIX OH 06pYWI1JICH C TaKI1M Hel1CTOBbIM na<t>OCOM? Depe)J;aTb KpeCTb HHCKO-COMaTCKO-TIOpeMHbIH )l(aproH «TepneJIb HI1Ka» I1BaHa )J,eHI1COBI1'-1a )l(aproHoM Y3cceK CKI1X <t>epMepOB TOMaca Xaplll1? I1JII1 Hape'-lI1eM BaJIJIl1WCKI1XKpeCTbHH? .
11 MO)l(HO JII1 Ha)J;eHTbCH) '-ITO HaW)J;eTCH I1CKyCHI1K, cnoc06HbIW npaBI1JIbHO BOCC03)J;aTb B nepeBO)J;e CTI1JII1CTI1KY«Tpex cOMan> PellI1apJla
11 '1YK06CKUii K . 1 1. BIma I1JI1I6e'[(a? // J1I1Teparyp
HaH ra3eTa, 3 aBrycTa 1963 r. (http://www.speakrus.ru/ articies/chukovsk.htm)
12 B nepeBo,[(e napKepa 3TO npeD.IIO)l(eHlle 3By'!IIT
TaK: "Oh, it'd be cruel there today: seventeen degrees below zero, and windy. No shelter. No fire." O'[(HaKo ,[(pyrOMY nepeBO,[('!IIKY, rapplI YIIJlJleTTcy, BCe )l(e y,[(aJl OCb c'[(eJIaTb 3TO npeD.IIO)l(eHlle 60JIee )l(IIBbIM: " It would be murder out there - twenty-seven below, with a mean wind blowing, no shelter, and no hope of a warm!"
58
KliIIJII1Hra, 113 KOTOPbIX OJJ;I1H rOBOpl1T Ha aHfJIO-
1Il0TJIaH)J;CKOMHape'll1l1, JJ;pyroH - Ha aHfJIO-l1p
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CTOPOHhI, nYTh lllYMHhIH, 3BOHKHH, nOJIHhIH |
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CHOHaJI. 11 eCJIH HCnOJIh30BaTh TepMI1HOJIO- |
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HanpaBHTh CTY)],eHTOB no BTOPOMY nYTH. |
|
R. Kipling The Madness of Private
Ortheris
"Twasn't for that we bid you weikim, Sorr, ' said Mulvaney, sulkily.
'Fwhat's that for?' said Mulvaney. 'Have ye not drunk enough?'
'Tott'nim Court Road, an' a gal I fancied there. Wot' s the good of sadgerin'?'
'I don't care. It's all one to me. 'Ow d'you know I ain't 'froid 0' dyin' 'for I gets my discharge paipers?'
nep. E.M. '"IMCTRKoBoM-Bap
-Mbl He AIlS! :noro npHrIlaWa11l-l Bac, C3P, - XMypO nporoBopHll MellbBaHeH.
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-MHe npHrpe3HllaCb TOTHHM CKaS! Aopora, a Ha HeH AeB'lOHKa. !.jTO xopowero - TS!Hyrb llS!MKY COll AaTa?
-MHe BCe paBHo. Bce OAHO. OTKYAa Tbl 3Haewb, 'ITO SI He 60lOCb YMepeTb npeJKAe, 'leM nOlly'ly orny CKHOH 6HlleT?
nepeBOA H. PaxMaHoBoM
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3AOPOBO OHa MHe HpaBHllaCb. 3x,
npOK11S1TaSi lKH3Hb COllAaTCKaSl!
- Hy 101 'ITO? Bce eAHHol nO'leM Tbl 3HaeWb, MOlKeT, SI 60lOCb CAOXHyrb paHbwe, 'leM nOlly'ly YBollbHHTellb Hble 6YMarH.
HeCMOTPH Ha HenpeO)],OJIHMhIe npenHTCT BI1H, CBH3aHHhIe C )],HaJIeKTaJIhHhIMH pa3JIHqH HMH, nepeBO)]' H. PaxMaHoBoH - 3a CqeT pa3rOBopHOH H npOCTOpeqHOH JIeKCHKH, pa3rOBopHoro cHHTaKcHca, JIaKOHHqHOCTH - ,llaeT rOpa3,ll0 60JIeeBepHoe npe)]'CTaBJIeHHe o xapaKTepe OpHfHHaJIa. A 60JIee fJIa)J,KHH rrepeBO)], E.M. l..HCTHKOBOHJ:-B3P OKa3hIBaeTCH B TO )!(e BpeMH MeHee np03paqHhIM.
8npOqeM, B YCTaHOBKe Ha CKPOMHOCTh eCTh11 06meQeJIOBeqeCKHH MOPaJIhHhIH acneKT. 80 MHorHX 06JIaCTHX HCKYCCTBa, peMeCJIa, HaYKH cymecTByeT aJIhTepHaTHBa: C O)],HOH
13 fTo,np06Hee 0 POJIH npOCTOpe'lHlI (COUHaJlbHbIX
,nHaJleKTOB) B Ka'leCTBe cpe,nCTBa KOMneHcaUHH TeppHTo PHaJlbHbIX ,nHaJleKTOB B nepeBo,ne CM.: JIaH'lUK08 B. K. , flK081le8a M.A. fTO'leTHali KanHTYJIHUHH // MOCTbI 4(24)/2009. - M . : P. BaJleHT, 2009. C. 1 3-2 1 .
Pa3rpaHHI.feHHe KYAbTYP
KPHTHK, nHCaTeJIh H n03T AnOJIJIOH rpI1ropheB B CTaThe «0 PYCCKHX Hapo)],HhIx nec HHX. TIo nOBo)],y C60PHHKa 51KYlllKHHa» nHCaJI:
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59
06YCJIOBJIeHa H3BeCTHOll CTerreHblO rrOllIJIOCTH
BOCrrpHHHMalOmell )lymH, H3BeCTHOll CTerreHblO Y30CTH B3fJUIJ],a, He BH.)J,5Imero HHqerO, KpOMe
CTaporo ropH30HTa )lOMallIHero KypHTHHKa...
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3TM CJIOBa, XOHI M CKa3aHHbIe He 0 rrepe BOJ],1.B1.Kax, MHoroe 06b5ICH5IIOT B rrepeBOJ],1.JeC KOti J],e5ITeJIbHOCTM, B YCTaHOBKax OTJ],eJIbHbIX rrepeBOJ],1.JMKOB M Ll,eJIbIX HarrpaBJIeHMH M UIKOJI rrepeBOJl.a. qMTaTeJIIO, 3aMHTepeCOBaBllleMyC5I 3TMM BorrpOCOM, MO)I(HO rropeKOMeHJl.OBaTb 03HaKOMMTbC5I co BceH CTaTbeH B.K. JIaH1.JM KOBa, OTKYJl.a 3aMMCTBOBaHa 3Ta Ll,MTaTa. 3Jl.eCb )Ke 5I rrOCTapalOCb C<pOPMYJIMpOBaTb HeKOTO pbIe C006pa)l(eHM5I, KacalOllIMeC5I BOCrrpM5ITM5I rrepeBOJl.YMKOM KYJIbTYpbI MCXOJl.HOro 5I3bIKa (1-151) M n5l, HO rrpM 3TOM OTHOC5IllIMeC5I He CTOJIbKO K HayqHoH, CKOJIbKO K MJl.eOJIOflf'Ie CKOti CTopOHe rrepeBOJl.a M rrperrOJl.aBaHM5I.
CTOMT cpa3Y OTMeTMTb, 1.JTO BOCrrpM5ITMe KYJIbTYPbI ll5I CB5I3aHO M C rrpeJl.CTaBJIeHMeM rrepeBOJ],1.JMKa0 xapaKTepe 1.JMTaTeJIbCKOH aYJ],M TOpMM rrepeBOJ],a. HTaK, B 3TOM pa3Jl.eJIe peYb rroH.ueT 0 TOM, KaK (Ha1.JMHalOllIMti) rrepeBOJl. YMK BMJl.MT KYJIbTYPY H5I rro cpaBHeHMIO CO cBoeti c06cTBeHHoH M M5I Koro OH rrepeBOJl.MT.
14 UI1T. no: JlaH'IUK06 B. K. «Tpl1 p0.l\a BOCnpI1I1M
'!I1BOCTI1» // CTOJlnOTBOpeHl1e NQ 8/9 2003. - M : Barpl1Yc, 2003. C . 90.
0 ::.,' .
KOHe1.JHO, MO)KHO rrOJIHOCTblO COrJIaCMTb C5I C B.K. JIaH1.JMKOBbIM, YKa3bIBalOllIMM Ha TO, YTO rrepeBOJl.1.JMK Jl.OJI)l(eH Bblpa6aTbIBaTb Y ce65I rpeTMti TMrr BOCrrpMMM1.JMBOCTH, rr03BOJI5I I011IHH H 3aMeyaTb 1.Jy)I(oe, H BHJl.eTb CXOJl.CTBO Me)l(Jl.Y 1.Jy)I(HM M CBOHM. nO MbICJIH B . K. JIaH- 1.JMKOBa, rrepeBOJl.1.JMK, Ha.ueJIeHHbIH «BToporo pOJl.a BOCrrpHMM1.JHBOCTblO» 6YJl.eT «6YKBaJIH CTlNHbIM J],O M03ra KocTeH»15. A rrepeBOJ]" Ha KOTOPOM JIe)KHT OTrre1.JaTOK « r repBoro pO)la BOCrrpHMM1.JMBOCTM», xapaKTepM3yeTC5I )KeJIa HHeM «rrpHcrroc06HTb 5IBJIeHH5I HHOH KYJIbTY pbI K y)l(e M3BeCTHOMY M rrOH5ITHOMY, KO BKYCaM M rrpeJl.CTaBJIeHM5IM TOti CpeJl.bI, J],JI5I KOTOPOH
C03)laeTC5I |
rrepeBO)l, YBO)lHT rrepeBOJl.YHKa |
B CTOPOHY |
BOJIbHOCTH»16. O)lHaKO PHCKHY |
BbICKa3aTb, |
B03MO)KHO, rrapa)lOKCaJIbHYIO |
MbICJIb: 6bIBaeT, K 6YKBaJIHCTMyeCKOMY rrepe BOJl.YrrpMBOJl.HT, HarrpOTMB, HeYMeHHe YBHJl.eTb cBoe06pa3He HH05I3bI1.JHOti KYJIbTYPbI, a K BOJlb HOMY, «O)lOMallIHHBalOllIeMY» - 1.Jpe3MepHoe YBJIe1.JeHHe 3K30TMK0I1.
Ha 3aH5ITMM 06C aeTC5I rrepeBO)l <peJlb eTOHa ,lJ,. oappH, rrOCB5IllIeHHoro rrpe)lpo)l(Jl.e cTBeHCKOI1 cyeTe M Cpa)l(eHM5IM rroKyrraTeJIeW 3a rrapKOBOYHOe MeCTO Y TOproBOro lIeHTpa, 3a CB060Jl.HOrO rrpO)laBlIa H T. Jl.. 8 rrpeJ],JIO)Ke HMM "SO we follow our shoppers closely, hunched over the steering wheel, whistling "It's Beginning to Look a Lot Like Christmas" through our teeth, until we arrive at her car, which is usually parked several time zones away from the mall" Jl.Ba HJIM TpH CTY)leHTa rOBOpSIT, YTO nepe)1.aJIH Ha3BaHMe rreCHM It's Beginning to Look a Lot Like Christmas KaK «8 Jlecy PO)1.H JIaCb eJI01.JKa» .
MO)I(HOJIM CKa3aTb, YTO B aMepHKaHCKOM <peJIbeTOHe OHM yrJI5I)1.eJIM TOJIbKO «TaTbsIHY CaBMllIHY» ? KaK MHe rrpe)1.CTaBJISIeTC5I, HeT. OHM rrpeKpaCHO rrOHMMaIOT, YTO HHKaKOH « EJI01.JKM» aMepHKaHlIbI He nOIOT, H Ha CBoeM BapMaHTe He HaCTaHBaIOT. npOCTO HeTpM BHaJIbHa5I nepeBOJl.1.JeCKa5I 3a.ua1.Ja (yrroMHHa eTC5I peaJIbHa5I rreCH5I, HO PYCCKOMY YMTaTeJIIO
15JlaH'IUK06 B. K. YKa3 co'!. C. 93.
16 JlaH'IUK06 B. K. YKa3 co'!. C. 95.
60