Стандарты ЕСКД
.pdf« »
2008
3
!" 744 (07)
# $# ". % : . ./ . &. . ', (. . ; . . . - . – . 2008. – 12.
# )
) . # ) ) $# "
.
* +
+ «, +»
- . 11. '.: 3 .
+ %. . .
/ +-
©
, 2008
#: & ' (
# $# ". %
& 2008 ., . 040
. 60 84 1/16. ' . . !. . . 0,75.
& ) 200 *. 1 0 . '.
400131 , . . . -. 2, 28.
« »
400131 , . #, 35
4
1.
3 4 $
+ ($# ")
).
2.
" ) 4
, %,#& 2.301−68: |
|
|
||
, ...... |
51 |
52 |
53 |
54 |
.. |
594 841 |
594 420 |
297 420 |
297 210 |
# .1.
. 1
% ()), 4
, ) ( . 2).
, ,
%,#& 2.104−68.
# ), )
) ) ( . 2) 1;
2; 4
, ) 2 .
5
, /
/ %,#& 2.303−68.
, ) ). (
54 %,#& 2.301−68
( . 1). %
( . 1 )
. . 1 4
(*
*). " + .
. 2
6
# ) . 1
|
|
|
|
|
& + 1 |
|
|
|
|
! ", |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
( , |
|
|
|
|
|
|
), |
|
|
|
||
|
) ( |
|
|
|||
|
) |
|
) |
) |
) |
|
|
|
|
. " ) |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
, |
#. 4 |
|
|
||
3 |
, %,#& |
1 ) |
||||
4 |
2 %,#& 2.103 − 68 |
( ) |
|
|||
5 |
, , , |
( ) |
|
|||
6 |
/ ) , |
( 1:1 |
|
|
||
|
, , |
|
|
|
|
|
|
) |
%,#& 2.302 − 68 |
|
|
|
|
7 |
|
" 1 2 |
||||
|
|
|
4 1; |
|||
|
|
|
, 4 , |
|||
|
|
|
. " 2 |
|||
|
|
|
4 2, 3, 4 . . |
|
||
8 |
|
# 4 1; |
||||
|
|
|
4 |
|||
9 |
( . ( |
(: %&!, 6−256 |
|
|
||
10 |
. , +, |
( |
) |
|
||
|
4 |
( ) |
|
|
||
11 |
+, / |
( |
“ .”), |
|||
|
|
|
( “ .”) |
|
||
12 |
+, |
( |
“ .”), |
|||
|
11 |
|
( “ .”) |
|
||
13 |
" |
" ) ( |
||||
|
|
|
|
“ .”), |
|
) |
|
|
|
( “ .”) |
|||
( . 1. 14 18 ( . .1.2)
) .
" #
) %,#& 2.101 − 68 )
,
) + +
+.
%,#& 2.201 − 80
+
/ , , * + .
7
! 4 :
..... ....... ...
+
+
+
" :
%1. |
08. |
10-17. |
03. |
14. |
00. |
00. |
|||
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(
( )
(
#$ #
.
,
4 4. 2
) )
,
+
) . ,
/
.
( . 3_).
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
. |
|
|
|
||
& |
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
||
/ . |
|
|
|
|
|
( |
|
|
|
||
()) |
|
||||
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
.3 |
|
8
2 ( . 4). (
2, .
+
) 5 ,
)
4
-10 .
|
|
%1. |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
54 (210 297 ). |
|
|
|||
|
|
) |
|
||
|
%,#& |
|
|||
2.301−68 / |
|
||||
, |
|
|
|
|
|
. ) |
|
||||
|
/ |
|
|
||
, |
|
) |
|
|
|
20 5 |
|
||||
, |
|
||||
/ . ( ) |
|
||||
|
|||||
|
) |
|
. 4 |
||
,
%,#& 2.104−68 +. , , 54,
. ( 54
.
) / ).
– * / ) )
. / )
%,#& 2.302−68. / 1:1.
/ : 1:2; 1:2,5; 1:4; 1:5; 1:10; 1:20 ..; / – 2:1; 2,5:1; 4:1; 5:1; 10:1; 20:1 . . /
4 1:1; 2:1. .. $ / - ) /,
, )
4 : 2:1; 5:1.
% 0 1 )
/ ) )
4 :
9
1. .
2 , 4 ) ),
4 %,#& 2.303−68. ( ) :
•/ , 4 4 S (0,5−1,4 ), −
. "
) 4 0,8 ;
•(S/2− S/3) − (
/ 4 )
1 );
•(S/2− S/3) − + ( / 15 , ) ) + /
3 );
•(S/2− S/3) − ,
/, ) ;
•(S/2− S/3) − ,
;
•(S− 1,5S) − . " /
8 20 .
2. .
3 ) ) / / , ; / )
/ .
% 4
/ (%,#& 2.306−68). 7 /
45° ), ,
). $ /, 45°
),
, 45° 30° 60°.
2 / ) ,
, ) . 8
/ )
1−10 . ! 4 (4
) 2 4 ) / +
, 4 – /
. ! 4 4 2
.
%,#& 2.307−68
+ . " 0 1 ) 4:
• ) ,
;
10
•+ (
);
•) +
1−5 ;
•/
;
•)
);
•) )
7 , ) – 10 .
.
. 5.
, 4 , ,
. 1
- , 4 . ! )
/ h L ( , h=1, L=10 / – 1:10),
(0,1), + (10%), .
.5
) 4 –
R . 6.
6
11
4. .
– * /
) ( . 7). ,
4 , , /
/ . )
/ (D − d):L ( , 1:5), (0,2),
+ (20%), . %
. 8.
. 7
8
5.,
10 15 20 30 .
( . 9 / ). 1
R1 R2 R3 ).
0
12