Vocabulary assistant

launch - внедрение, запуск

rating - рейтинг

setback - неудача

drastic - радикальный, крутой

Exercise 10

Sometimes it is necessary to interpret visuals explaining the cause and effect of a fact. Make up sentences using words from each column

1. There are several	caused	for the decrease in productivity.
2. We chose this method	has led	a new overtime policy.
3. The	resulted	by the collapse of one of our partner firms.
4. Our new policy	reasons	of this move was a drastic increase in our costs.
5. The slump was	thanks to	to a significant rise in sales.
6. Downsizing	and	in a drastic fall in staff number.
7. We increased our prices	because	our sales went up!
8. Our output has doubled	result	we needed reliable figures.

Which sentences above explain a) cause?

b) effect?

Exercise 11

Fill in each gap with a suitable preposition from the box below

A	around	F		in
B	at	G		of
C	between	H		to
D	by	I		until
E	from

The graph shows our online sales figures for the EU market _______ (1) 2004. In the first quarter, online sales averaged _______ (2) 50,000 and 52,000 euros. In April, sales increased _______ (3) 61,000 euros and remained steady _______ (4) the end of the second quarter. In the third quarter we notice a sharp rise _______ (5) 61,000 to 87,000 euros, an increase _______ (6) almost 50 per cent. In October and November, sales fluctuated _______ (7) 85,000 euros. This was followed by a slight decline in December, with online sales falling _______ (8) 10 per cent, reaching 73,000 euros _______ (9) the end of the year.

Checking list for using visuals

1. Make your visual as clear and easy to understand as possible

2. Start by telling your audience what the graph? Chart illustrates.

3. Highlight the key points.

4. Say why these points are important (and explain the cause or effect).

5. Use different verbs to express movement/ development.

6. Use the same key words and phrases you used on your bullet charts.

Practice 1

Draw a graph for use in a presentation. Choose any situation or subject, real or imagined. If possible prepare a Power Point slide. Then present the graph as you would in a presentation. Your description should last no more than a minute.

If possible, construct a graph that males comparisons possible. Use solid, dotted or broken lines (or colours) to make the picture clear.

2.3. Body language and voice

“The right word may be effective but no word was ever as effective as a well timed pause”.

Mark Twain

Exercise 12

A lot of research has been done into the impact on an audience of three elements: content, tone of voice and body language. Which do you think is the most important? Match the results of this research with the three elements

Three elements	Impact
Content	55%
Tone of voice	7%
Body language	38%

Exercise 13

Scan the article to identify if the statements below are true or false

		True	False
1	A speaker should avoid eye contact.
2	Monotonous voice produces a beneficial effect on the audience.
3	A variety of nonverbal behaviours can be a reliable index of a presenter’s character.
4	There is a close link between spoken and unspoken messages.
5	The body language makes less than fifty per cent of nonverbal communication.