- •BlackBox
- •Component Pascal Language Report
- •1. Introduction
- •5. Constant Declarations
- •6.1 Basic Types
- •6.2 Array Types
- •6.3 Record Types
- •6.4 Pointer Types
- •6.5 Procedure Types
- •6.6 String Types
- •7. Variable Declarations
- •8. Expressions
- •8.1 Operands
- •8.2 Operators
- •8.2.1 Logical operators
- •8.2.2 Arithmetic operators
- •8.2.3 Set operators
- •8.2.4 String operators
- •8.2.5 Relations
- •9. Statements
- •9.1 Assignments
- •9.2 Procedure Calls
- •9.3 Statement Sequences
- •9.4 If Statements
- •9.5 Case Statements
- •9.6 While Statements
- •9.7 Repeat Statements
- •9.8 For Statements
- •9.9 Loop Statements
- •9.10 Return and Exit Statements
- •9.11 With Statements
- •10. Procedure Declarations
- •10.2 Methods
- •10.3 Predeclared Procedures
- •Function procedures
- •Proper procedures
- •10.4 Finalization
- •11. Modules
- •Appendix a: Definition of Terms
- •Array compatible
- •Parameter compatible
- •Expression compatible
- •Appendix b: Syntax of Component Pascal
- •Appendix c: Domains of Basic Types
- •Appendix d: Mandatory Requirements for Environment
- •Object Lesson 1 - objects and inheritance
- •Introduction
- •Course Aims - Creating Beautiful Systems
- •Why Design?
- •Design methods
- •Objects
- •How do objects relate to other concepts in design methods?
- •Inheritance
- •The big deal about inheritance
- •Clarity
- •Delegation
- •Relationships
- •One to one relationships
- •One to many relationships
- •Many to many relationships
- •Object Models
- •Exercises
- •Object Lesson 3 Analysis - the rudiments of an approach
- •Removing synonyms and/or generalising
- •Look for attributes
- •Irrelevant objects
- •The process of development
- •Prototyping
- •Evolutionary development
- •Charters
- •Why object modelling lends itself to iterative methods
- •Lesson 4 - Dynamic Modelling - Event traces Dynamic Modelling
- •Event traces - building scenarios
- •Progressing the analysis with event traces
- •What do you do with the event traces?
- •Dynamic modelling - state diagrams
- •An example of an object model for a simple computer
- •An object model for genetic algorithms.
- •Business Activity Modelling - a Starting Point for Software Development Applied to The Functional Specification of a System for Planning Elderly Care in the European Community (planec)
- •Abstract
- •Functional modelling - data flows
- •Use Cases
- •Opening up the use-case requirements model
- •Conclusion
- •Business Process Reengineering
- •Conclusion
Appendix c: Domains of Basic Types
|
Type |
Domain |
|
BOOLEAN |
FALSE, TRUE |
|
SHORTCHAR |
0X .. 0FFX |
|
CHAR |
0X .. 0FFFFX |
|
BYTE |
-128 .. 127 |
|
SHORTINT |
-32768 .. 32767 |
|
INTEGER |
-2147483648 .. 2147483647 |
|
LONGINT |
-9223372036854775808 .. 9223372036854775807 |
|
SHORTREAL |
-3.4E38 .. 3.4E38, INF (32-bit IEEE format) |
|
REAL |
-1.8E308 .. 1.8E308, INF (64-bit IEEE format) |
|
SET |
set of 0 .. 31 |
Appendix d: Mandatory Requirements for Environment
The Component Pascal definition implicitly relies on three fundamental assumptions.
There exists some run-time type information that allows to check the dynamic type of an object. This is necessary to implement type tests and type guards.
There is no DISPOSE procedure. Memory cannot be deallocated manually, since this would introduce the safety problem of dangling pointers, i.e. premature deallocation. Except for those embedded systems where no dynamic memory is used or where it can be allocated once and never needs to be released, an automatic garbage collector is required.
Modules and at least their exported procedures (commands) and exported types must be retrievable dynamically. If necessary, this may cause modules to be loaded. The programming interface used to load modules or to access the mentioned meta information is not defined by the language, but the language compiler needs to preserve this information when generating code.
Except for fully linked applications where no modules will ever be added at run-time, a linking loader for modules is required. Embedded systems are important examples of applications that can be fully linked.
An implementation that doesn't fulfill these compiler and environment requirements is not compliant with Component Pascal.
Object Lesson 1 - objects and inheritance
Introduction
Welcome to the world of object-oriented programming. You are about to embark on learning a method which is fun, elegant, easy to understand, powerful and comprehensive. The intention of this course is to emphasise the fun as much, if not more, than the other characteristics. After all, what is the point of learning something to make life duller. So if we sometimes see examples which appear off the wall, do not worry. There is a serious side to object-oriented systems too.
Object modelling is useful for designing computer systems, whether those systems are to be implemented in object-oriented languages or not. Most designs are likely to need more than an object-oriented language, such as a database. Therefore, do not think that this is a wasted exercise if you cannot convince your manager to let you use C++, Smalltalk or whatever flavour of the month language is out there.
Object modelling also has a use outside of the design of computer systems. It is an excellent analysis method, and it can be used in business process reengineering, in social science research, or any complex environment where it is important to capture the structure and functionality of some world.