Access Systems
How can you protect your computer from unauthorized access? Various ways have been developed to ensure that only the right people can access a system. We can divide these methods into three groups:
what you have, what you know, and who you are.
What you have
You may have a plastic card, a swipe card, to get into rooms where there are computers. In some companies, workers wear an active badge, an ID card with an embedded chip, which signals where the wearer is at any time. The company knows immediately if an employee enters a computer room.
What you know
Computers are often protected by passwords. You have to know the correct password to enter the system, in the same way that you have to know your personal identification number to get money out of a bank cash machine.
Who you are
Every individual is unique. Some security systems use individual body characteristics. For example, your computer can be protected by a fingerprint recognition system. The computer will only respond when it reads your unique fingerprint. A new product called Facelt uses face recognition to protect individual files. It will only give access to a file if your face matches stored pictures of authorized users. However, beards and spectacles can cause problems. Voice recognition and identification, by the retina of the eye are other means to protect access.
Some systems use a combination of these groups. For example, an ID card and a password.
Task 4. Make notes about each type of access system in the table
_____________________________________________________________
Access system Examples
_____________________________________________________________
What you have ________________________________________
What you know ________________________________________
Who you are ________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
GRAMMAR: Неопределенные местоимения SOME, ANY и отрицателтьное местоимение NO
В зависимости от контекста some и any могут переводиться на русский как «некоторый», «какой-то», «несколько», «некоторое количество», «сколько-нибудь».
В утвердительных предложениях употребляется some:
I have some cassettes of country music.
В вопросительных и отрицательных предложениях употребляется any:
Have you any cassettes of country music?
I haven’t any cassettes of country music.
Вместо сочетания not any часто употребляется отрицательное местоимение no:
I have no cassettes of pop music.
ЗАПОМНИТЕ!
|
|
+thing |
+body, one |
+where |
|
some |
something что-то, что-нибудь |
somebody, someone кто-то, кто-нибудь |
somewhere где-то, куда-то |
|
any |
anything все, что-то, что-нибудь |
anybody, anyone всякий, кто-то, кто-нибудь |
anywhere везде, где-нибудь, куда-нибудь |
|
no |
nothing ничто, ничего |
nobody, no one никто |
nowhere нигде, никуда |
There is something on the table.
Is there anything on the table?
There is nothing on the table.
Task 5. Answer the questions:
What is there in your bag?
What is there in your hand?
What is there on the wall?
How many students are there in the classroom?
How many tables are there in the room?
Are there any newspapers on the desk?
Is there anybody in the corridor?
Is there anything in your bag?
Was there a concert at the Theatre last Sunday?
Will there be a party at school next Saturday?
PROBLEM-SOLVING
Task 6. These headlines cover some of the ethical issues involved in computing. Try to match the headlines to the first sentence of each story.
Task 7. Revise the following abbreviations:
ISA, MCA, PCI, VESA ,USB, AGP, DMA, CPU, RAM, ROM, DRAM, SRAM, SDRAM, FPM DRAM, PB SRAM, SIMM, DIMM, CD-ROM, DVD, PCMCIA