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G R A M M A R 29 V E R B / A D J E C T I V E + P R E P O S I T I O N

3 Put one suitable word in each space.

a)

David was

.ashamed...

of what he had done, and he blushed.

b)

I'm not very

 

on the idea of going climbing.

c)

Mary is always

about all the famous people she has met.

d) Jim was often

for work, and lost his job as a result.

e)

There were no empty seats on the train, which was

of soldiers.

f)

Bill decided not to

Bob with his secrets.

 

g)

The two boys were

of stealing a sports car.

h)

We

in persuading Carol to lend us her boat.

i)

You have worked very hard! I am very

with you!

j)

I can't remember her name, but it

with

'J'.

4Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.

a)William could do better work. capable

 

William

is

capable

of

doing better work.

b)

I own this car.

 

 

 

 

 

belongs

 

 

 

 

 

This car

 

 

 

me.

c) The job received over a hundred applications.

 

 

 

applied

 

 

 

 

 

Over a hundred people

 

 

the job.

d)

Mrs Jones' death was caused by old age.

 

 

 

died

 

 

 

 

 

Mrs Jones

 

 

 

old age.

e)'Well done, Tony, you have passed the exam,' said Joe. congratulated

Joe

the exam.

f)Jean borrowed Shirley's camera. lent

Shirley

camera.

g)Graham found the film very boring. by

Graham

the film.

h) We all pitied Stephen.

 

sorry

 

We all

Stephen.

173

FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE

5 Put one suitable word in each space.

a)

My boss shouted at me - he was really

angry.

 

with me!

b)

I can see your point, but I just don't

 

 

with you.

c)

Terry doesn't

 

 

 

of his children going to rock concerts.

d)

George and I

 

 

 

about politics all night!

e)

Can I have a

 

 

 

at the evening paper?

 

 

f)

This story

 

 

me of a novel by Dickens.

 

g)

Peter feels

 

 

of anyone who talks to his girlfriend.

h)

I didn't expect you to behave like that! I'm

 

at you!

i)

Oh dear, I forgot to

 

 

any baking powder to the cake.

j)

I think you should

 

 

your boss for a rise.

6 Complete each sentence with

the most suitable word or phrase.

a)

Thank you very much. It's very

B.

you to help me.

 

A) good with

B) good of

C) good for

D) good about

b)

The bad weather was

 

 

the series of power cuts.

 

A) blamed for

B) blamed on

C) blamed with

D) blamed by

c)

I'm sorry, but I

 

 

 

seeing the manager at once!

 

A) arrange for

B) look for

C) agree with D) insist on

d)

Why do you spend all your time

 

your sister!

 

A) arguing about

B) arguing for C) arguing with

D) arguing at

e)

Helen is very

 

 

 

going to work in Germany.

 

A) excited about

B) excited for

C) excited with

D) excited to

f)

The tourists were not

 

 

the danger of bandits in the hills.

 

A) known about

B) aware of

C) provided with

 

D) guessed at

g)

I understood the problem after it had been

 

 

me.

 

A) explained to

 

B) admitted to

C) confessed to

D) replied to

h)

I wish you wouldn't show off and

your success so much!

 

A) full of B) bored by

C) boast about

D) congratulate on

i)

If you listen to music, you can't

 

your

homework.

 

A) read about

B) arrange for

C) specialise in

D) concentrate on

j)

Will we be

 

 

the storm if we shelter under a tree?

 

A) happy about

 

B) safe from

C) depended on

D) cared for

174

G R A M M A R 29 V E R B / A D J E C T I V E + P R E P O S I T I O N

 

 

Look carefully at each line. Some of the lines are correct, and some have a word

 

 

which should not be there. Tick each correct line. If a line has a word which

 

 

should not be there, write the word in the space.

 

 

Brothers and sisters

 

 

When I was young I had argued with my

 

 

brothers and sisters all the time. I used to

 

 

share with most of my toys with my brother,

 

 

but he specialised in to keeping them for

 

 

himself. When I asked about him for anything

 

 

he simply used to refuse to give it to me, and

 

 

then I became and very angry with him. Our

 

 

sisters blamed for everything on us when our

 

 

parents accused us of quarrelling all the time.

 

 

My brother and I got up annoyed about this,

 

 

but only succeeded them in making matters

 

 

worse. Our parents didn't approve of our

 

 

quarrelling so much, and insisted us on

 

 

not taking sides. They either laughed about

 

 

it, or told us to forgive and each other for

 

 

everything. Soon we became ashamed of

 

 

quarrelling, and became good at last getting

 

 

on well with each other.

K ey p o i n t s

1

Check verbs and adjectives in a dictionary to be certain which prepositions

 

 

follow them.

 

2

In some cases different prepositions give different meanings.

 

3

Note the difference between used to (see Grammar 1) and be used to.

 

 

I used to go to the beach every weekend when I was a child.

This is a habit in the past which is no longer true. To is part of the infinitive to go in this sentence.

I am not used to getting up so early in the morning.

If you are used to something you have done it many times so that it no longer seems surprising or difficult. In this case to is a preposition, and getting up is the noun form of the verb (gerund).

175

Put one suitable word in each space.

Parents and children

I was reading an article last week in which the writer describes how her children

had changed as they (1)

grew

up. When they were small, she had to

(2)

up with noisy games in the house, or (3)

in

their interminable games of football in the garden which (4)

her

out. If the house went quiet, she wondered what the monsters were

(5)

up to, or what crisis she would have to (6)

with

next. She dreaded the fact that they might (7)

after her husband,

who admitted having been an uncontrollable child who (8)

most

of the time (9)

 

off to his friends by breaking things or

(10)

into fights. What was worse was that everyone else thought

he was a sweet child, and he (11)

away with terrible things!

However, she had experienced an even greater shock with her children. They

had (12)

out of all their naughty behaviour, and

(13)

up serious hobbies such as chess and playing the piano. They

never did anything without (14)

it over first, and coming to a

serious decision. She had to (15)

up to the fact that they made

her feel rather childish, and that in some ways she preferred them when they were young and noisy!

2 Complete each sentence with an expression with get.

a) When are you going to ....get

round. to writing to the bank?

b) I'm afraid I don't

very well with my teacher.

c) I don't understand what you are

What do you mean?

d) How are you feeling? Have you

your cold yet?

e) Jim chased the burglar, but unfortunately the burglar

3 Complete each sentence with an expression with come.

a)

Has the new book of tests

come

out.

yet?

b)

It's a difficult situation and we haven't

a solution yet.

c)

I

these old photographs in my desk yesterday.

d) Julie became rich when she

 

 

a fortune.

e)

I'm afraid we've

 

 

a lot of problems in this project.

G R A M M A R 30 C O N S O L I D A T I O N 6

4Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.

a)I wish I could work in the evenings as I used to.

miss

I

miss

working

in

the evenings.

b)If I take the job, I'll have to move to London. mean

Taking the job

..7:

London.

c)Neil wishes he hadn't sold his car. having

Neil

car.

d)Please see that you post all the letters. to

Please don't

all the letters.

e)Sheila has decided to take driving lessons. how

Sheila has decided

drive.

f)Jim said he hadn't stolen the jewels. stealing

Jim

the jewels.

g)How about going to the theatre tonight? like

 

Would

the theatre tonight?

h)

Peter will look after the children - he has no objection.

 

 

looking

 

 

Peter doesn't

children.

i) 'I'll definitely be here by eight,' Ann promised.

 

 

would

 

 

Ann

by eight.

j)

We first met in 1978. Do you remember?

 

 

our

 

 

Do you remember

1978?

177

FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE

5 Decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each space.

/ don't believe in ghosts!

Last year I stayed for a few days in an old house in Scotland which was famous

(1)

B

its ghost. I don't really believe (2)

ghosts, so I'm

not afraid (3)

them of course. So when my hosts suggested

(4)

 

up all night to see their ghost, I simply laughed

(5)

 

them. Then they told me (6)

the woman who

haunted their house. She had been accused (7)

murdering her

husband in the eighteenth century because she had been jealous

(8)

 

him, but she had avoided (9)

tried, and had

disappeared. She appeared quite regularly, walking through the house as if she

was searching (10)

something. I agreed to watch that night,

although it would (11)

sitting for hours in the cold. I expected

one of my friends to appear dressed (12)

the ghost, and so when

the figure of a woman finally came (13)

me, I (14)

to be terrified. You can imagine my surprise when the figure took a knife from her dress, and then vanished. I decided to disappear myself, and drove home to

London as (15)

as I could.

 

 

1)

A with

B for

C from

D as

2)

A for

B to

C at

D in

3)

A with

B for

C of

D by

4)

A waking

B getting

C staying

D coming

5)

A at

B with

C about

D to

6)

A for

B that

C with

D about

7)

A that

B of

C for

D while

8)

A ot

B by

C to

D or

9)

A and

B being

C but

D having

10)

A like

B after

C with

D for

11)

A mean

B be

C have

D uncomfortable

12)

A with

B for

C as

D in

13)

A about

B towards

C round

D through

14)

A wanted

B imagined

C pretended

D supposed

15)

A quickly

B then

C well

D though

178

G R A M M A R 30 C O N S O L I D A T I O N 6

6 Put one suitable word in each space.

a)

Don't go so fast! I can hardly

keep.

up with you.

 

b)

Don't be such a coward!

up for yourself!

 

c)

Please don't let me down. I'm

 

on you.

 

d) We don't know who started the fire, but we're

into it.

e)

I must go to the dentist's and have my teeth

to.

7 Complete each sentence with an expression containing of.

a) Jim's boss didn't think he was ...capable of

working on his own.

b)

Mrs White is very

animals, and has six cats.

c)

I know I shouldn't have stolen the money. I'm

myself.

d)

It was very

you to help me carry my shopping.

e)

Georgina is very

anyone who dances with her husband.

8 Complete each sentence with an

expression containing about

a)

I knew I'd really seen a ghost. I was ..certain

about. it!

b)

Bill was very

missing my birthday party.

c)

You were

the film. It was awful, just as you said.

d)

I always get worried at airports. I feel

missing the plane.

e)

Poor Lucy has lost her job. She's very

it.

9 Complete each sentence with a word ending in -ing.

a)

That's all right, I don't mind ....washing... up the dirty dishes.

b) Most people try to avoid

up words in the dictionary.

c)

Can you imagine

up six small children?

d)

I was considering

up golf, actually.

e)

We're rather hard up. It means

without a holiday this year.

10 Put one suitable word in each space.

a)

Have you ever thought of

taking.....

up cycling?

b)

Harry had a serious illness, but he has

over it now.

c)

We have decided to

 

 

off our holiday until next month.

d) I think that you

 

 

up the whole story!

e)

What are the children

:

up to in the garden?

f)

Everyone says that Chris

 

 

after his father.

g) You'll never guess who

 

up at the end-of-term party!

h)

Please

over our offer before you make a decision.

i) After the party, John had to

 

 

up all the mess.

179

FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.

a)The minister responsible has promised to investigate the problem. into

The minister responsible has promised

to

look

into

the problem.

b)Sorry, we must end there, as there is no more time. run

Sorry, we must end there, as

time.

c)All passengers are asked to complete this immigration form. in

All passengers are asked to

this immigration form.

d)The war began when the army crossed the border. out

The war

when the army crossed the border.

e)I don't understand what Ann is trying to say in this letter. at

I don't understand what Ann is

in this letter.

f)Your behaviour is intolerable! I won't tolerate it! for

Your behaviour is intolerable! I

it!

g)I always omit the garlic from this recipe. out

I always

the garlic from this recipe.

h) Have you ever discovered a writer called Jack Common?

 

across

 

 

Have you ever

a writer called Jack Common?

i) I'll do some of the driving, when you feel like a rest.

 

over

 

 

I'll

, when you feel like a rest from driving.

j) I'll do the garden soon, but I just haven't found the time yet.

 

got

 

 

I'll do the garden soon, but I just haven't

yet.

Explanations

Inversion after In formal speech and writing there is a special construction when the sentence negative adverbs begins with a negative adverb (or one with negative meaning). The subject and

the verb are inverted from the normal form to a question form. Study the examples below.

 

Not only

 

 

 

Harry not only missed the train, but also lost his case.

(normal form)

 

 

Not only did Harry miss the train, but (he) also lost his case.

(inversion)

 

No sooner

 

 

 

With no sooner the main verb is always in the past perfect.

 

 

 

Tim had no sooner left, than the phone rang.

(normal form)

 

 

No sooner had Tim left, than the phone rang.

(inversion)

 

Under no circumstances

 

 

 

You shouldn't touch these wires under any circumstances.

(normal form)

 

 

Under no circumstances should you touch these wires.

(inversion)

 

Seldom

 

 

 

I have seldom watched a better match.

(normal form)

 

 

Seldom have I watched a better match.

(inversion)

 

• Other expressions which are followed by an inversion are:

 

 

 

little, never, not once, only then, only after, rarely

 

Inversion to

With some expressions we can begin the sentence with an adverb and then put

emphasize an

the verb before the subject.

 

With come and go we can start the sentence with an adverb of place. This construction is used with exclamations. It is an informal usage.

Here comes Jack!

There goes my money!

Up went the plane into the clouds!

Along the road came Jim.

• With live and stand we can start the sentence with an adverb of place. This is a formal usage.

In this house lived Charles Dickens.

On a hill outside the town stands the castle.

• With be we can begin the sentence with now.

Now is the best time to visit the Channel Islands.

181

FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE

Question tags

Sometimes a simple statement is too short and does not help the

 

conversation to develop in a friendly way.

 

You're French.

 

The other person does not know what to say. We can add a tag to the end of

 

the statement so that it becomes a question.

 

You're French, aren't you?

 

Now the other person knows that they have to reply and the conversation

 

can continue.

• Tags are formed using auxiliaries {do, be, have or a modal).

Helen lives here, doesn't she?

You left early, didn't you?

Jack was born in Italy, wasn't he?

You will help me, won't you?

Someone's got to pay, haven't they?

A positive statement has a negative tag, and expects the answer Yes.

A:You agree with me, don't you?

B:Yes, I do.

A negative statement has a positive tag, and expects the answer No.

A:You don't take sugar, do you?

B:No, I don't.

It is possible for a positive tag to follow a positive statement, to express interest, or ask for confirmation. This is less common.

So you like working here, do you?

Tags with will and won't can be used after imperatives.

Don't drive too fast, will you?

- Let's ... has a tag formed with shall. Let's have a drink, shall we?

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