- •О.В. Орлова
- •1. Содержание дисциплины
- •Глоссарий
- •3. Рабочая программа дисциплины
- •3.1. Пояснительная записка
- •3.1.1. Программа составлена в соответствии с требованиями фгос впо
- •3.1.2. Цель освоения дисциплины
- •3.1.3. Место дисциплины в структуре ооп
- •3.2. Структура и содержание дисциплины
- •3.2.1. Объем дисциплины и виды учебной работы
- •3.2.2. Содержание дисциплины
- •3.2.2.1. Теоретический блок
- •6.Начало эпохи Просвещения и Романтизм (первая половина XIX в.)
- •8.Индустриализация и культура (первая половина XX в.)
- •9.Культура второй половины XX в.
- •10. Особенности культуры современных американских штатов
- •2. Pre-Columbian America and Indian Culture
- •3.The First explorers of America
- •4. The culture of the first colonies
- •5. The war of Independence and after-war culture
- •6. The beginning of Enlightenment and
- •7. Realism of the second half of XIX c.
- •8. Industrialization and culture (first half of XX c.)
- •9. American culture of the second half of XX c.
- •10. Cultural peculiarities of New England states
- •11. Cultural peculiarities of Mid-Atlantic states
- •12. Cultural peculiarities of Midwest states
- •13. Cultural peculiarities of Southeast states
- •14. Cultural peculiarities of Great Plains and Mountains states
- •15. Cultural peculiarities of Far west states and Hawaii
- •3.3.2. Тематика эссе
- •3.3.3. Темы рефератов
- •3.3.4. Темы курсовых проектов
- •3.4. Оценочные средства для текущего контроля успеваемости, промежуточной аттестации по итогам освоения дисциплины
- •3.4.1. Вопросы для промежуточной аттестации
- •3.5. Учебно-методическое и информационное обеспечение дисциплины
- •3.6.Материально-техническое обеспечение дисциплины
- •4.Методические указания для студентов
- •5.Методические рекомендации для преподавателя
- •5.2. Рекомендуемые образовательные технологии
- •6.Контрольно-измерительные материалы
- •Гурьянова Елизавета Геннадьевна,
- •История культуры сша
4. The culture of the first colonies
The culture of the first European settlers. The Puritan influence on the cultural life of the colonies. The structure of the first towns. Different organization of the North and South farms. The first writings: histories (W. Bradford), religious papers, poetry (A. Bradstreet).
1. What do you know about the lost colony?
2. What was called green or common in the first American towns?
3. Can you explain the origin of the first colonies names?
4. What did American colonists write?
The Mayflower Compact
When the Pilgrims arrived on the coast of America they faced many dangers and difficulties. They did not want to put themselves to further danger by quarreling with one another. Before landing at Plymouth, therefore, they wrote out an agreement. In this document they agreed to work together for the good of all. The agreement was signed by all forty-one men on board the Mayflower. It became known as the Mayflower Compact. In the Compact the Plymouth settlers agreed to set up a government – a civil body politic” – to make "just and equal laws" for their new settlement. All of them, Pilgrims and Strangers alike, promised that they would obey these laws. In the difficult years which followed, the Mayflower Compact served the colonists well. It is remembered today as one of the first important documents in the history of democratic government in America.
5. The war of Independence and after-war culture
Forming of a new nation. The beginning of the War of Independence. The flowering of arts after the War of Independence. New literary forms: T. Pain, B. Franklin, P. Freneau. J. Barlow and the «Wits».
1. What was called Boston Tea Party?
2. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
3. Who were the 1st, 2nd, 3rd presidents?
4. What war was called the Second War for American Independence?
5. What was President Jackson famous for?
6. What was the main form of literature?
7. Who was America’s first important poet?
Trade laws and «sleeping dogs»
Until the 1760s most Americans seemed quite content to be ruled by Britain. An important reason for this was the presence of the French in North America. So long as France held Canada and Louisiana, the colonists felt that they needed the British navy and soldiers to protect them.
Another reason the colonists accepted British rule was that the British government rarely interfered in colonial affairs.
A century earlier the British Parliament had passed some laws called Navigation Acts. These listed certain products called "enumerated commodities" that the colonies were forbidden to export to any country except England. It was easy for the colonists to avoid obeying these laws. The long American coastline made smuggling easy.
The colonists did not care much either about import taxes, or duties, that they were supposed to pay on goods from abroad. The duties were light and carelessly collected. Few merchants bothered to pay them. And again, smuggling was easy. Ships could unload their cargoes on hundreds of lonely wharves without customs officers knowing.
When a British Prime Minister named Robert Walpole was asked why he did not do more to enforce the trade laws, he replied: "Let sleeping dogs lie." He knew the independent spirit of the British colonists in America and wanted no trouble with them. The trouble began when later British politicians forgot his advice and awoke the "sleeping dogs."