Essay: Importance of Kazakhstan in the world

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• It is often suggested / believed that …

• A lot of people think that …

• Some people are against …

• Many people are convinced that ….

• I think / I believe / I consider that…

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• I am against… / I don’t approve of… / I don’t support the idea of… / I personally frown on… 

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• It goes without saying that…

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• All in all, I believe that…. 

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Importance of Kazakhstan in the world

October 25, 1990 is a special date for the citizens of Kazakhstan. It symbolizes the end of the old history and the beginning of a new one. Kazakhstan declared its sovereignty on October 25, 1990, and full independence on December 16, 1991. December 10, 1991 the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic was renamed the Republic of Kazakhstan. December 21, 1991 the heads of 11 former Soviet republics signed the declaration of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). January 2, 1992 Kazakhstan became a member of the OSCE. March 3, 1992 the Republic of Kazakhstan became a member of the UN. June 4, 1992 Laws on the national flag, national emblem and national anthem. January 26, 1993 the first Constitution of sovereign Kazakhstan was adopted. November 15, 1993 the national currency tenge (KZT) was introduced.

In 1994 the government decided to gradually transfer the national capital from Almaty, located in the country’s southeast, to Aqmola, located in the north-centre, in the following years. The capital was officially moved in 1997, and in May 1998 the city was renamed Astana. March 1, 1995 the Assembly of the Peoples of Kazakhstan was established in order to strengthen social stability and interethnic accord. August 30, 1995 a new Constitution was adopted by republican referendum. December 1995 Kazakhstan became a member of the Islamic Cooperation Organization. September 30, 1996 Kazakhstan signed the Treaty on Universal Prohibition of Nuclear Tests. January 10, 1997 trilateral agreement on everlasting friendship between Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan was signed. January 15, 1998 Agreement on Partnership and Cooperation between Kazakhstan and the European Union was signed. June 4, 1998 2^nd Kazakhstan Investment Summit with 160 companies from 24 countries. June 10, 1998 international opening of the new capital Astana. July 6, 1998 Declaration between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation on everlasting friendship for XXI century was signed.

January 28, 2002 Summit on governmental cooperation in Central Asia and Summit of Heads of CIS countries was held. July 5, 2005 Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Council meeting in Astana. Declaration of SCO member states. India, Pakistan and Iran declared SCO observers.

Kazakhstan's foreign policy has aimed to achieve international guarantees of Kazakhstan's sovereignty and independence. Much work has been done in establishing friendly relationships with foreign countries. Over 120 countries have officially recognized and have diplomatic relationships with Kazakhstan, which is a full and active member of the UN and is strengthening its cooperation with the most authoritative international organizations including the EU, the EBRD, the IMF, MAGATE, the Red Cross, UNICEF and UNESCO. Kazakhstan has joined over 40 multilateral and over 700 bilateral agreements and treaties.

Today we can say with confidence that Kazakhstan has an internationally acknowledged government and occupies a worthy place amongst world economies. Despite some periods of tension, Kazakhstan’s relations with Russia in the years following independence remained close, marked by economic partnerships, treaties of accord, and cooperation on matters of security and intelligence. In consideration of both demographic and cultural factors, Russian continues to function as an official language. Kazakhstan also maintains an important relationship with China, with whom it settled lingering border demarcation issues in 1999. Although Russia remains one of Kazakhstan’s principal trading partners, Kazakhstan’s growing relationship with China led to increased trade in the early years of the 21^st century.

Over the years of independence Kazakhstan attracted 150 billion US dollars of foreign investments that makes up about 70 % of the total amount of all investments attracted to the Central Asia. The country’s international reserves as of June 1, 2012 made up about 85 billion US dollars, of them more than 50 billion US dollars are related to the National fund.

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