Англ яз

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an end.

Exercise 4.Translate into English.

1. Виявилось, що ми вже колись зустрічались. 2. Ви випадково не знаєте цю людину? 3. Кажуть, що ця стаття перекладена на усі мови світу. 4. Передбачали, що зустріч закінчиться о десятій годині. 5. Відомо, що римляни збудували на Британських островах гарні дороги. 6. Ніяк не очікували, що холодна погода наступить так рано. 7. Нові автобуси виявилися дуже комфортними. 8. Ваш приятель, здається, дуже цікавиться стародавньою історією. 9. Вальтер Скот вважається створювачем історичного роману. 10. Повідомляють, що експедиція досягла місця призначення. 11. Схоже, я знаю номер цього телефона. 12. Він пише нову статтю, здається, він працює над нею вже два тижні. 13. Кажуть, що ця будівля була збудована у 19 сторіччі. 14. Він обов’язково поверне тобі книгу. 15. Ви, здається, багато читали до вступу в університет.

Exercise 5. Translate into Ukrainian.

1. To accelerate economic progress one must introduce automation in production processes. 2. Our plant is said to have obtained new electronic devices. 3. It is necessary for these computers to be repaired very soon. 4. To master grammar rules is extremely essential for every student. 5. We consider the knowledge of a foreign language to be of great significance for every engineer. 6. The knowledge of a foreign language is known to be of great significance for every engineer. 7. This sophisticated method is unlikely to be used in this case. 8. Atoms are believed to be built up of protons, neutrons and electrons. 9. The article was provided with diagrams for the students to understand it better 10. Copper is claimed to have a relatively large conductivity. 11. The engineer spoke about different kinds of automatic controllers to be applied at their plant. 12. The experiments are claimed to have been carried out at their plant. 13. It was easy for our mechanic to repair this device.

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14. To obtain these data is necessary for carrying out further experiment. 15. These resistances are unlikely to be constant for all voltages. 16. The device to be used here is intended for the amplification of electrical signals. 17. One can see that these types of machines to be described here differ slightly from previous ones.

Participle

Дієприкметник

Утворення Present Participle (Participle I), IV форма дієслова

To do(без to) + ing = doing – роблячий, роблячи To stand(без to) + ing = standing – стоячий, стоя To take (без to) +ing = taking – беручий

To seat (без to) + ing = sitting – сидячий, сидя

Утворення Past Participle (Participle II), III форма дієслова

Правильні дієслова

To ask (без to) + ed = asked - запитаний To close (без to) +ed = closed - закритий Неправильні дієслова

To take => taken - взятий To see => seen - бачений

To find => found - знайдений

Forms of Present Participle

Simple Tenses

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Cricket is played mostly in England. – В крикет грають головним чином в Англії.

Cricket has been played for over two centuries. –У крикет грають вже більше200 років.

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N.B.!

Зверніть увагу на способи перекладу на англійську мову українських словосполучень, що відповідають дієприкметнику.

Participle II має одну форму для всіх граматичних часів (Active and Passive Voice)

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I have never played cricket. – Я ніколи не грав в крикет.

He said he had never played cricket. –Він сказав, що ніколи не грав в крикет.

Exercise 1. Define the type of Participle and give the Infinitive.

E.g. writing – Participle 1, to write - Infinitive

Washed, covering, sung, playing, lying, lain, stood, receiving, losing, taken, gone, speaking.

Exercise 2. Перекладіть на англійську мову.

Який приносить, принесений, приносячи, принісши, який перекладає, перекладений, перекладаючи, переклавши, даючи, написавши, який читає, який бере, даний, прочитавши, зроблений, що п`є, сказаний, будучи загубленим, намалювавши, який написав, роблячи, взятий, взявши, малюючи, випитий, зробивши, ідучи, який пише, давши, прочитаний, який малює, який робить, намальований, випивши, який говорить, беручи, написаний, читаючи, який іде, сказавши, який дає, подивившись, будучи забутим, який будує, граючи, погравши, розказаний, який розказав, бачачи, який приніс, будучи принесеним, приносячи, продавши, побудований.

Exercise 3. Choose the necessary form of the Participle:

1.a) The girl (washing, washed) the floor is my sister. b)The floor (washing, washed) by Helen looked very clean.

2.a.) The house (surrounding, surrounded) by tall trees is beautiful. b.)The wall (surrounding, surrounded) the house was very high.

3.Read the (translating, translated) sentences once more.

4.Name some places (visiting, visited) by you last year.

5.I picked up the pencil (lying, lain) on the floor.

6.(Taking, Taken) the girl by the hand, she led her across the street.

7.It was not easy to find the (losing, lost) stamp.

8.Translate the words (writing, written) on the blackboard.

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9.He could not see the sun (covering, covered) by dark clouds.

10.His hat (blowing , blown) off by the wind was lying in the middle of the street.

Exercise 4. Translate into Ukrainian.

A.1.The rising moon flooded the room with light. 2.He stood watching the match.3 Being in town he visited his friend. 4. While studying in the Institute, Ann read a lot. 5. Entering the room, she turned on the light. 6. Having descended the mountain they heard a man calling for help. 7. While being examined the boy could not help crying. 8. Having prescribed the medicine the doctor went away. 9. They were watching the moving particles.

B.1. Nobody saw the things kept in that box. 2. We stopped before a shut door. 3. They saw overturned tables and chairs and pieces of broken glass all over the room. 4. She wanted her coat mended. 5. They heard her to be spoken to. 6. The heated object became red-hot. 7. The complexity of the technique involved increased considerably. 8. The equipment needed for experiment was carefully checked. 9.The temperature of the liquid obtained remained constant.

Exercise 5. Transform these sentences according to the model and translate them.

A)The man who is standing near the captain is their new coach. The man standing near the captain is their new coach.

1. Do you know the man who is talking to Mr. Brown? 2. The sea which washes Norway in the south-west is called the North Sea. 3. The new stadium that houses forty five thousand people is a wonderful building. 4. She looked at the plane which was disappearing in the clouds.

B)I have just read his article that was published in the newspaper.

I have just read his article published in the newspaper.

1. Did you see the contract that was signed last Thursday? 2. Did you hear the announcement that was made on the radio? 3. Did he take part in the conference that was held last month?

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C) When I heard the news, I phoned him. Hearing the news I phoned him.

1. When I saw him, I felt happy. 2. When he watched the game, he enjoyed it. 3. When she spoke to mother, she asked her advice. 4. When they drove home, they saw Mr. Bentley. 5. When they arrived at the airport, they saw their friends there.

D) As she said so she went out of the room. Saying so she went out of the room.

1. As his looked out of the window he saw his father. 2. As she felt tired she sat down in the armchair. 3. As he did not know what to do he asked his brother’s advice. 7. As he failed to hit the ball he got angry.

E) While they were traveling in Europe they visited Spain. (While) traveling in Europe they visited Spain.

1. While he was looking through the newspaper he saw a picture of his friend. 2. While he was speaking to John, he invited him to the birthday party. 3. While he was walking along the street, he met his old friend.

F) After he had done his homework he went for a walk. Having done his homework he went for a walk.

1. After he had a holiday he felt better. 2. After he had made an appointment with Mr. Brown he told the director about it. 3. After they had settled all the questions they signed the contract. 4. After he had taken Ben to hospital he phoned his mother.

Exercise 6. Paraphrase the sentences using Participles.

1. When he had left the house and was crossing the street, he suddenly stopped as he remembered that he had forgotten to phone his friend. 2. He looked at me and hesitated: he did not know what to say. 3. As he had long lived in those parts and knew the place very well, he easily found his way to the marketplace. 4. He has no language problems, because he has been studying English for a long time. 5. After I had written this exercise, I began to doubt whether it was correct. 6. Take care when you cross the street. 7.

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Students should always be attentive while they are listening to the lecturer. 8. There are many students who study physics. 9. Don’t you feel tired after you have walked so much? 10. As he was promised help, he felt quieter. 11. After he was shown in, he was told to take off his coat and wait for a while. 12. He poured out a cup of coffee and sat down in a cosy armchair.

Exercise 7. Translate into English.

1. Учора в газеті була стаття, описуюча історію міста. 2. Повертаючись додому він згадав, що не відправив важливого листа. 3. Доївши свій сніданок, він пішов на роботу. 4. Купивши цю машину, він був щасливий. 5. Буваючи у місті, він відвідав свого друга. 6. Стаття, прочитана вчора, була дуже цікава. 7. Перекладена стаття цікава. 8. Книги, взяті в бібліотеці, слід повернути вчасно. 9. Ось книга, про яку так багато говорять. 10. Вони спостерігали за рухаючимися частинками. 11. Отримана речовина була ретельно досліджена. 12. Ми можемо використати метод, запропонований Корнером. 13. Зробивши уроки, діти пішли гуляти. 14. Будучи дуже зайнятим, він не відразу почув мене. 15. Випивши чашку чаю, вона відчула себе краще. 16. Граючись у саду, діти не помітили, що стало темно. 17. Том підійшов до дівчинки, яка сміялась. 18. Прочитавши багато книг Дікенса, він добре ознайомився з цим письменником. 19. Артистка, яка розповідає дітям казки по радіо, відома на всю країну. 20. Дитина завжди з інтересом слухає казки, які розповідає няня. 21. Розповідаючи дітям казки, вона говорить різними голосами, імітуючи героїв казок. 22. Казка, яку розповідала няня, справила на дитину велике враження. 23. Розповівши дитині казку, вона вимкнула світло. 24. Моя бабуся, що розповіла меня цю казку, живе у маленькому селі.

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Незалежний дієприкметниковий комплекс. The Absolute Participle Complex.

Унезалежному дієприкметниковому комплексі, у якому

вголовному і підрядному реченнях підмети різні, можуть вживатися всі форми Participle.

У реченні незалежний дієприкметниковий комплекс виконує функції обставин(часу, причини, способу дії, умови):

The rain having stopped we went home – Коли дощ ущух, ми пішли додому.

The day being very fine, she went for a walk.– Оскільки день був дуже гарний, вона пішла на прогулянку.

Weather permitting, we’ll spend our day off in the forest.- Якщо дозволить погода, ми проведемо вихідний день у лісі. Незалежний дієприкметниковий комплекс перекладається на рідну мову:

а) підрядним обставинним реченням:

The letter being written, I went to post it. – Коли лист був написаний, я пішла відправити його.

б) простим реченням, що входить до складносурядного:

They went out of the house, Jude accompanying her to the station –

Вони вийшли з дому і Джуд провів її до вокзалу.

в) дієприслівниковим зворотом:

Her face smiling, she came into the room.– Усміхаючись, вона увійшла в кімнату.

г) головним реченням в складнопідрядному, вставним реченням, іменником з прийменником:

She sat down at the table, her hands beginning to tremble.– Коли вона сідала за стіл, її руки почали тремтіти.

The evening was so dark, (the moon not havіng yet risen), that he could see no one twenty yards off. – Вечір був такий темний

(місяць ще не зійшов), що за двадцять ярдів він нікого не бачив.

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He came into the room, his face smiling. - Він увійшов до кімнати з усміхненим обличчям.

Незалежний дієприкметниковий комплекс може вводитись прийменником with. Такий комплекс вживається у функції обставини способу дії або супровідних обставин і перекладається на рідну мову здебільшого самостійним реченням або дієприкметниковим зворотом:

She was sitting on the ground with her head and one arm lying on a chair. - Вона сиділа на землі, а голова і одна рука лежали на стільці.

He was standing with his arms crossed and his head bent.- Він стояв,

схрестивши руки і опустивши голову.

Exercise 1. Translate into Ukrainian.

1)The weather being cold, he put on his overcoat. 2)It being pretty late, they decided to postpone their visit. 3)The sun, having set one hour before, it was getting darker. 4)The resistance, being very high, the currant in the circuit was very low. 5)This material, being dielectric, no currant can flow through it. 6)He, being no more heard of, it was natural to forget everything. 7)The treaty having been signed, trade was at once resumed. 8)This being understood, the conference was over. 9)All the necessary preparations having been made, the army launched an attack. 10)The cathode heated, the electrons leave the surface and move to the anode. 11)Electrons moving through a wire, electrical energy is generated. 12) The electrons move with varying velocities, their velocity depending on the temperature and nature of the material. 13)Any moving object can do work, the quantity of kinetic energy depending on its mass and velocity. 14)Radio was invented in Russia, its inventor being the Russian scientist A.S. Popov. 15) The speaker faced the audience, his hand raised for silence. 16)The moonlight road was empty, with the cold wind blowing in their faces. 17)My colleague, being away, I had to make a decision myself. 18)The signal, being given, the rocket starts immediately. 19)There being many people in the conference

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