Angl

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when I (to come) to his place at nine, he (to read). 3. I (to wait) for permission to go abroad for already three weeks, but I (not to receive) the visa yet. 4. We (to drink) tea when the telephone (to ring). 5. Light (to travel) more quickly than sound. 6. When I (to come) to Pete’s house last Sunday, he (to read) a new book. He (to say) he (to give) it to me soon. Today I (to take) it from him. Now I (to read) it. I (to finish) it by Friday. If you like, I (to give) it to you on Saturday when you (to come) to see me. 7. When will he come? We (to wait) for him for already half an hour. 8. On leaving the hall the students (to thank) the professor who (to deliver) the lecture. 9. He (to be) here five minutes ago, but you (to be) out. He (to ask) me (to tell) you that he (to come) again tonight. 10. When we (to come) to the station, the train already (to arrive).

Exercise 2. Put the verbs in brackets into the necessary tense.

1. We could not go out because it (to rain) hard since early morning. 2. She (to teach) at our school for twenty years now. 3. He (to begin) to write his composition at three o’clock. It is already eleven, and he still (to write) it. He says he (to finish) it by twelve. 4. What you (to do) when I (to come) in? 5. When I (to come) to his house, they (to tell) me that he (to leave) an hour before. 6. When we (to leave) home, the snow already (to stop), but a strong wind (to blow). 7. You (to read) this book? – Yes, I (to read) it. I (to think) it (to be) very interesting. 8. They (to reach) the corner of the street by now and (to stand) at the bus stop. 9. Don’t speak to him: he (to be) very busy, he (to do) some urgent work. 10. I did not notice that my watch (to stop), and when I (to arrive) at the station, my train (to leave) and I (to have) to ask when the next train (to come).

Exercise 3. Put the verbs in brackets into the necessary tense.

Our train starts late in the evening, so if you (to come) at seven o’clock, we still (to pack) our luggage. 2. The play (not yet to begin) and the people (to talk) in the hall. 3. I (to read) about an hour when he (to come). 4. Don’t enter the bedroom! The child (to sleep) there, and he always (to wake) up when somebody (to open) the door. 5. Where is your luggage? – I (to leave) it at the station. I (to take) it tomorrow when Nick (to come) to help me. 6. Yesterday I (to buy) a new pair of gloves, as I (to lose) the old ones. 7. What you (to read)? – I (to read) a magazine. – How long you (to read) it?

– I (to read) it for half an hour. 8. You ever (to be) to London? – Yes, I (to be) there last summer. 9. What your friend (to do) now? – She (to have)

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dinner. She usually (to have) dinner at this time. 10. At this time tomorrow we (to discuss) your report. 11. Hardly I (to go) out when I (to remember) that I (to forget) to take my umbrella.

Exercise 4. Put the verbs in brackets into the necessary tense.

1. Yesterday I (to meet) a friend of mine whom I (not to see) for a long time. 2. You (to be) late for the concert if you (not to take) a taxi. 3. When I (to come) home yesterday, my sister already (to return) and (to sit) at the fireplace. 4. She is going to read the letter she just (to receive). 5. The students (to write) the paper by dinner-time. 6. I (not to be) to my home town for five years. 7. The message (to arrive) five minutes after he (to leave) the house. 8. Where is Nick? – He (not to be) at home, he (to go) to the cinema, he (to come) in half an hour. 9. When Mrs. Smith (to come) home, she (to see) that her daughter (to cook) supper and (to wait) for her with the table laid. 10. What you (to do) yesterday? 11. How many pages you (to translate) for today? 12. Where she (to go) every evening? 13. When the train (to stop), I (to look) out of the window but (not to see) any of my friends there. I (to send) them a telegram and hoped that they (to meet) me. As I (to discover) later, they (to receive) it ten minutes before the train arrived. 14. Hardly he (to open) the suitcase, when he (to find) the tie he (to think) he (to lose) long before.

Exercise 5. Put the verbs in brackets into the necessary tense.

Ann: Hello, Kate. I am so glad you (to come) at last. Where you (to spend) the morning?

Kate: I (to be) in the bookstore choosing new books in English. Ann: It (to rain) still? It (to be) rather dark in the room.

Kate: No, the rain (to stop), but the wind (to blow). On my way to your place I (to meet) Mary, you (to know) her?

Ann: Of course, I … I (to know) her since childhood. When we (to be) children, we often (to play) together. Where you (to meet) her? I (not to see) her for a long time. What she (to look) like?

Kate: She (not to change) a bit. She (to go) to the library when I (to meet) her.

Ann: What she (to tell) you?

Kate: She (to tell) me she recently (to return) from a very interesting trip and that she (to travel) a lot and (to see) many interesting things. She (to want) to see all her friends soon.

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Ann: Oh, then she (to come) to see me, too, I (to think).

Kate: Yes, that (to be) a pleasant meeting, I (to be) sure. But what (to be) the time? My watch (to stop) and I (not to know) the exact time.

Ann: It (to be) ten minutes to three.

Kate: Oh, then let’s begin working at once. At four o’clock my mother (to wait) for me at the metro station.

Exercise 6. Translate into English.

1. Що робить твій брат? – Він працює на заводі. А що він робить зараз? – Читає газету. Я завжди приношу йому газети, коли він приходить з роботи. А вчора о четвертій годині він також читав? – Я не знаю, а що? – Я йому дзвонив, але ніхто не відповідав. 2. Що ви будете робити завтра о восьмій годині вечора? – Завтра до восьмої години я закінчу всю свою роботу, і о восьмій я буду грати на гітарі. 3. Вона була здивована, бо ще ніколи не бачила стільки квітів. 4. Вона жила в тому домі вже п’ять років, коли приїхав її брат. 5. Невже вони грають в футбол з самого ранку? 6. Я знаю, що вона працює над цією статтею вже три тижні. 7. Ти вже склав свої речі? Таксі чекає нас десять хвилин. 8. Де Марія? – Вона в бібліотеці, вона готується до доповіді. Вона працює вже три години. 9. Скільки днів ви вже читаєте цю книгу? 10. Він був щасливий, бо написав листа своїй матері. 11. Осінь прийшла, але сонце завжди сяє і ще тепло. 12. Коли ми підійшли до дому, було вже темно; дув сильний вітер і ставало все холодніше і холодніше. 13. Я був впевнений, що він зробить всю роботу до п’яти годин. 14. Якщо ви мені допоможете, я зроблю цю роботу добре.

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Table1.5 - Passive Voice (пасивний стан)

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Пасивний стан (Passive Voice) часів Indefinite, Continuous,

Perfect.

В англійській мові є два стани: активний і пасивний. Коли підмет є особою чи предметом, що виконує дію, дієслово вживається у формі активного стану:

I asked him. – Я запитав його.

Коли підмет є особою чи предметом, що підлягає дії збоку особи чи предмета, дієслово вживається у формі пасивного стану:

I was asked. – Мене запитали.

Як утворюється? Пасивний стан утворюється за допомогою дієслова to be у відповідному часі, особі, числі та дієприкметника

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Слід зазначити, що перехідні дієслова можуть вживатися як у активному, так і пасивному стані. Деякі неперехідні дієслова можуть теж вживатися у пасивному стані. (This music is often listened to)

Перехідні дієслова, які приймають два додатки, можуть утворювати пасивний стан двома шляхами, наприклад:

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Exercise 3. Use the verbs in Present Indefinite Passive.

( Usually) 1. The postbox (to empty) every day. 2. The letters (to sort) into different towns. 3. The mail (to load) into the train. 4. The mailbags (to unload) after their journey. 5. The bags (to take) to the post office. 6. The stamps (to postmark) at the post office. 7. The letters (to sort) into different streets. 8. The letters (to deliver).

Exercise 4. Use the verbs in Past Indefinite Passive.

(Yesterday) 1. The postbox (to empty). 2. The stamps (to postmark) at the post office. 3. The letters (to sort) into different towns. 4 The mail (to load) into the train. 5. The mailbags (to unload) after their journey. 6. The bags (to take) to the post office. 7. The letters (to sort) into different streets. 8. The letters (to deliver).

Exercise 5. Use the verbs in Future Indefinite Passive. (Tomorrow) 1. The postbox (to empty). 2. The stamps (to postmark) at the post office. 3. The letters (to sort) into different towns. 4 The mail (to load) into the train. 5. The mailbags (to unload) after their journey. 6. The bags (to take) to the post office. 7. The letters (to sort) into different streets. 8. The letters (to deliver).

Exercise 6. Use the verbs in Present, Past or Future Indefinite Passive.

1. My question (to answer) yesterday. 2. Hockey (to play) in winter. 3. Mushrooms (to gather) in autumn. 4. Many houses (to burn) during the Great Fire of London. 5. His new book (to finish) next year. 6. Flowers (to sell) in shops and in the streets. 7. Bread (to eat) every day. 8. The letters (to receive) yesterday. 9. Nick (to send) to London in a week. 10. I (to ask) at the lesson yesterday. 11. I (to give) a new book at the library last Friday. 12. Many houses (to build) in our capital every year. 13. This work (to do) tomorrow. 14. This text (to translate) at the last lesson. 15. These trees (to plant) last autumn. 16. Lost time never (to find) again. 17. Rome (not to build) in a day.

Exercise 7. Use the verbs in Active or Passive.

1.At the station they will (meet, be met) by a man from the travel bureau.

2.She will (meet, be met) them in the hall. 3. The porter will (bring, be brought) your luggage to your room. 4. Your luggage will (bring, be

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brought) up in the lift. 5. You may (leave, be left) your coat in the cloakroom. 6. They can (leave, be left) the key downstairs. 7. From the station they will (take, be taken) straight to the hotel. 8. Tomorrow he will (take, be taken) them to the museum.

Exercise 8. Put the sentences into the Passive Voice. Mind the place of prepositions:

The doctor was sent. – Доктора послали.

The doctor was sent for. – За доктором послали.

We often speak about her. – Ми часто говоримo про неї. She is often spoken about. – Про неї часто говорять.

1.The senior students laughed at the freshman. 2. The group spoke to the dean yesterday. 3. The young mothers look after their babies with great care. 4. Nobody will live in that old house. 5. We thought about our friend all the time. 6. The doctor will operate on him in a week. 7. They are looking for the newspaper everywhere. 8. Nobody sleeps in this bed. 9. The neighbour asked for the telegram. 10. Everybody listened to the lecturer with great attention.

Exercise 9. Put the sentences into the Passive Voice, remembering: It must be done. – Це треба зробити.

It can be done. – Це можливо зробити.

1. You must take the box to the station. 2. He can cross the river without any help. 3. The worker can finish the building of the house very soon. 4. You must return the books the day after tomorrow. 5. You must do three of these exercises tomorrow. 6. We must send these letters at once. 7. The doctor says they must take her to hospital. 8. You can do the work in three days.

Exercise 10. Put the verbs into the Active or Passive Voice. 1.Nobody (to see) him yesterday. 2. The telegram (to receive) tomorrow. 3. He (to give) me this book next week. 4. The answer to this question can (to find) in the encyclopedia. 5. We (to show) the monuments of the capital to the delegation. 6. You can (to find) information about the life in the USA in this book. 7. She (to meet) them in the hall in an hour. 8. From the station they (to take) to the hotel yesterday. 9. My sister often (to help) at school. 10. Where bread (to buy)?

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Exercise 11. Put the sentences into the Passive Voice.

I. 1. He stole a lot of money from the shop. 2. By six o’clock they had finished the work. 3. At twelve o’clock the workers were building a bridge over the river. 4. They send their daughter to rest in the south every year. 5. They will show this film on TV. 6.They are building a new concert hall in our street. 7. I bought a new dictionary. 8. They are repairing the clock now. 9. I have translated the whole text. 10. When I came home they had eaten the sweets.

II. 1. We shall do the work in the evening. 2. He wrote this book in the 19th century. 3. They were playing tennis from four till five. 4. They have made a number of important experiments in this laboratory. 5. By the middle of autumn we had planted all the trees. 6. They will stage this play at the beginning of next season. 7. They have forgotten the story. 8. Has anybody explained the rules of game to you? 9 They haven’t brought back my skates. 10. He will introduce me to his friends.

III. 1. They often speak about him. 2. Everybody laughed at this funny animal. 3. We have been looking for you the whole morning. 4. Who discovered the circulation of blood? 5. We shall insist on strict discipline. 6. Have dogs ever attacked you? 7. They will hand in the homework tomorrow. 8. They did not turn off the light. 9. Have you written the letter yet? 10. We turn on the light when it is dark.

Exercise 12. Translate into English.

1. Мого друга кожний рік посилають за кордон. 2. Ці вправи можна написати олівцем. 3. Її відправили до лікарні два тижні тому. 4. Тебе шукають. Йди до дому. 5. Чому над ним завжди сміються? 6. Лекції цього професора завжди слухають з великою увагою. 7. Почекайте! За директором вже послали. 8. Всіх запросять до офісу через десять хвилин. 9. Ці журнали повинні бути повернені в бібліотеку через тиждень. 10. Мене запросять на вашу вечірку? 11. Дітей залишають дома одних. 12. Нам показали багато гарних речей. 13. До дванадцяти годин пeреклад був зроблений. 14. Мій друг зараз cкладає іспит. 15. Книги вже принесли із бібліотеки? 16. Про цього чоловіка багато говорять у нашому домі. 17. Коли я прийду додому, обід будуть готувати. 18. Не хвилюйся, йому допоможуть в роботі. 19. Мені шкода, що її слухали неуважно. 20. Ці книги використовуються для роботи?