Angl
.pdfМіністерство освіти і науки України Запорізький національний технічний університет
Методичні вказівки
з граматики англійської мови для студентів 1 курсу технічних спеціальностей
( 2 частина )
2007
2
Методичні вказівки з граматики англійської для студентів 1 курсу технічних спеціальностей ( 2 частина ) /Укл.: Булигіна Г.І., Прошина Г.М. – Запоріжжя: ЗНТУ, 2007. – 50 с.
Укладачі: Булигіна Г.І., ст. викл. Прошина Г.М., ст.. викл.
Рецензент: Сокол Т.А., ст. викл.
Відповідальний за випуск: Прошина Г.М., ст. викл.
Затверджено на засіданні
Кафедри іноземних мов.
Протокол № 10 від 10.08.06.
3
PART І
Revision of Tenses
Active Voice
1 Present Indefinite Tense
Стверджувальна |
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Питальна форма |
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Заперечна форма |
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форма |
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I do not walk |
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I walk |
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Do I walk? |
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He |
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he |
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He |
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(don’t) |
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She |
walks |
Does she |
walk? |
She |
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does not walk |
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It |
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It |
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It |
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(doesn’t) |
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We |
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we |
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We |
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You |
walk |
Do |
you |
You |
do not walk |
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They |
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walk? |
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They |
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they |
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2 Past Indefinite Tense |
Заперечна форма |
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Стверджувальна |
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Питальна форма |
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форма |
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I |
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I |
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I |
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He |
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He |
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He |
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She |
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She |
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She |
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It |
walked |
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Did |
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It |
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It |
did not |
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We |
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walk? |
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walk |
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You |
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We |
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We |
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They |
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You |
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(didn’t) |
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You |
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3 Future Indefinite Tense |
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Стверджувальна |
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Питальна форма |
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Заперечна форма |
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форма |
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4
I shall walk |
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Shall I walk |
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I shall not walk |
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He |
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he |
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(shan’t) |
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He |
will not |
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She |
will walk |
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Will |
she |
walk? |
walk |
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It |
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It |
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She |
(won’t) |
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We shall walk |
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Shall we walk? |
It |
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We shall not walk |
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You |
will walk |
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Will |
you |
walk? |
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They |
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they |
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You |
will not |
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walk |
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They |
(won’t) |
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4 Present Continuous Tense |
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Стверджувальна |
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Питальна форма |
Заперечна форма |
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форма |
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I am walking |
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Am I walking |
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I am not walking |
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He |
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he |
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He |
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She |
is walking |
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Is |
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she |
She |
is not |
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It |
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walking? |
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walking |
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We |
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It |
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It |
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(isn’t) |
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You |
are |
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we |
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walking |
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Are |
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you |
We |
are not |
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They |
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walking? |
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walking |
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they |
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You |
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(aren’t) |
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They |
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5 Past Continuous Tense |
Заперечна форма |
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Стверджувальна |
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Питальна форма |
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форма |
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5
I |
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I |
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I |
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He |
was |
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Was |
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he |
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He |
was |
walking |
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walking? |
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not walking |
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She |
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she |
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She |
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It |
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it |
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(wasn’t) |
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We |
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we |
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It |
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You |
were |
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Were |
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you |
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We |
were |
walking |
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walking? |
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not walking |
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They |
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they |
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You |
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(weren’t) |
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They |
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6 Future Continuous Tense |
Заперечна форма |
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Стверджувальна |
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Питальна форма |
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форма |
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I shall not be walking |
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I shall be walking |
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Shall I be walking? |
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He |
will be |
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he |
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He |
will not |
She |
walking |
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Will |
she |
be |
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be |
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It |
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walking |
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She |
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We shall be walking |
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It |
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walking |
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Shall we be walking? |
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It |
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You |
will be |
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We shall |
not be |
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They |
walking |
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Will |
you |
be |
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walking |
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walking? |
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they |
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You |
will not |
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be |
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They |
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walking |
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6
7 Present Perfect Tense
Стверджувальна |
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Питальна форма |
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Заперечна форма |
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форма |
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I have walked |
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Have I walked? |
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I have not walked |
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He |
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he |
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(haven’t) |
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He |
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She |
has |
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Has |
she |
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She |
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has not |
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walked |
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walked? |
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walked |
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It |
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it |
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It |
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(hasn’t) |
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We |
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we |
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Have |
you |
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We |
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You |
have |
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walked? |
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You |
have not |
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walked |
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they |
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walked |
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They |
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They |
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8 Past Perfect Tense |
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Заперечна форма |
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Стверджувальна |
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Питальна форма |
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форма |
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I |
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I |
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I |
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He |
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he |
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He |
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She |
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she |
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She |
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It |
had |
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Had |
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it |
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had not |
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walked |
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walked? |
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It |
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We |
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we |
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walked |
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You |
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you |
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We |
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They |
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they |
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(hadn’t) |
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You |
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They |
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9 Future Perfect Tense
Стверджувальна |
Питальна форма |
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Заперечна форма |
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форма |
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I shall have walked. |
Shall I have walked? |
I |
shall |
not |
have |
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He |
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he |
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walked. |
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She |
will have |
Will |
she |
have |
He |
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It |
walked |
walked? |
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She |
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will |
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We shall have walked. |
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it |
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not |
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Shall we have walked? |
It |
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have |
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You |
will have |
walked |
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They |
walked |
Will |
you |
have |
We |
shall |
not |
have |
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walked? |
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walked. |
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they |
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You |
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will |
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not |
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They |
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have |
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walked |
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Стверджувальна
форма
I have been walking. Have I been walking? I have not been walking.
He |
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he |
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She |
has been |
Has she |
been |
He |
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walking |
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walking? |
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She |
has not |
It |
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it |
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been |
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We |
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we |
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It |
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walking |
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You |
have been |
Have |
you |
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walking |
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been walking? |
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We |
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They |
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they |
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You |
have not |
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been |
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They |
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walking |
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8
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11 Past Perfect Continuous Tense |
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Стверджувальна |
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Питальна форма |
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Заперечна форма |
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форма |
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I |
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I |
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I |
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He |
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he |
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He |
had |
She |
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had |
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she |
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not |
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It |
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been |
Had |
it |
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been |
She |
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We |
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We |
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(hadn’t) |
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walking |
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walking |
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It |
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You |
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you |
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been |
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They |
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they |
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We |
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walking |
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You |
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They |
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12 Future Perfect Continuous Tense |
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Стверджувальна |
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Питальна форма |
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Заперечна форма |
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форма |
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I shall have not been |
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I |
shall |
have |
been |
Shall |
I |
have |
been |
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walking. |
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walking? |
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walking. |
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He |
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he |
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He |
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She |
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will |
Will |
she |
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have |
She |
will |
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have |
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been |
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have not |
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It |
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been |
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it |
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It |
been |
walking |
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walking? |
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walking |
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We |
shall |
have |
been |
Shall |
we |
have |
been |
We shall have |
not |
walking. |
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walking? |
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been walking. |
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You |
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will |
Will |
you |
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have |
You |
will |
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have |
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been |
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have not |
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They |
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been |
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they |
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They |
been |
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walking |
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walking |
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walking |
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9
Table 1.1 - Співставлення Present Indefinite теперішніх часів Present Continuous Present Perfect, Present Perfect Continuous
1. |
Present |
He regularly goes to the |
Regularly, |
usually, |
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Indefinite. |
University. |
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often, |
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seldom, |
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(дія |
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триває |
Він |
регулярно ходить |
sometimes, |
always, |
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завжди, а не на |
до університету. |
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every, in May, in the |
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момент |
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morning, on Sunday, |
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розмови.) |
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weekly, once (twice, |
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three |
times) |
a |
day, |
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as a rule... |
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2. |
Present |
He is still going to the |
Now, |
still, |
at |
the |
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Continuous. |
University. |
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moment, |
at |
… |
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(дія |
ще |
триває |
Він |
вже |
йде |
до |
o’clock, |
the |
whole |
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на |
момент |
університету. |
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evening… |
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розмови) |
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3. |
Present |
He has gone to the |
Already, |
recently, |
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Perfect. |
University. |
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lately, |
just, |
today, |
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(дія |
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вже |
Він |
вже |
пішов |
до |
since, |
for, yet, |
this |
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здійснена |
на |
університету. |
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week, |
ever, |
never, |
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момент розмови |
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for |
ages, |
many |
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) |
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times… |
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4. |
Present |
This has been going for |
For, since, the whole |
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Perfect |
two hours. |
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day, all |
day |
long, |
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Continuous. |
Це продовжується вже |
from 2 till 3… |
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(Дія |
вже |
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продовжувалась |
2 години. |
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на |
момент |
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розмови |
і все |
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ще триває) |
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10
Table 1.2 - Співставлення Past Indefinite минулих часів Past Continuous Past Perfect Past Perfect Continuous
1. |
Past |
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He went to the University |
Yesterday, the day |
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Indefinite. |
yesterday. |
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before |
yesterday, |
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(дія проходила у |
Він |
ходив |
до |
ago, |
last, |
during |
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минулому, |
не на |
університету вчора. |
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the |
war, |
in |
1999, |
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момент розмови) |
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once… |
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2. |
Past |
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He was going to the |
At |
… |
o’clock |
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Continuous. |
University |
when I |
met |
yesterday, |
while, |
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(дія |
все |
ще |
him. |
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just as, just at the |
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проходила |
у |
Він |
йшов |
до |
time, when mother |
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конкретний |
університету, коли |
я |
came home, from 5 |
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момент |
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його зустрів. |
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till 6 yesterday, the |
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минулого часу) |
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whole evening… |
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3. |
Past Perfect. |
He had gone to the |
Before, |
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after, |
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(дія |
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вже |
University before I came. |
hardly |
(scarcely), |
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трапилась |
до |
Він |
вже |
пішов |
до |
when he came, by |
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конкретного |
університету до того, як |
… o’clock (the end |
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моменту |
у |
я прийшов. |
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of the |
year), no |
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минулому часі) |
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sooner … than … |
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4. |
Past |
Perfect |
This had been going on |
For, since… |
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Continuous. |
for 2 hours when you |
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(дія |
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вже |
arrived. |
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проходила |
до |
Це продовжувалось вже |
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конкретногo |
2 години, коли ви |
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моменту |
у |
приїхали. |
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минулому |
і все |
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ще |
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продовжується) |
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