IV. Answer the questions:

1. What are the reasons we wear footwear?

2. What is a shoe?

3. Where are high heels considered a women’s style?

4. What materials is footwear made of?

5. What kinds of insoles have the most shoes?

6. What are the reasons to add extra insoles?

7. What kinds of outsoles have dress shoes and casual shoes?

8. Do shoes always have midsoles?

9. What is the function of a heel?

10. What does a high of a heel depend on?

V. Complete the sentences with the words from the text:

1. Footwear is worn for … against the environment, hygiene and adornment.

1. … is worn between the feet and the footwear.

2. Shoes may vary from a simple flip-flops to a complex … .

3. Athletic shoe … may be made of rubber.

4. Any shoe has an upper part that helps hold the shoe onto the … .

VI. Find the English equivalents to the words:

прикраса, модне взуття, жіночій стиль, гума, замінний, волога, каучук, тиск, сандаля, чобіт

VII. Make up sentences with the terms:

a variety of reasons, to be associated with, fashion footwear, shoe materials, to control the shape, dress shoes, work-oriented shoes, durability and traction, specialized shoes, shock absorption

VIII. Give definitions to the words:

garment, hosiery, a shoe, thongs, a women’s style, a sole, an athletic shoe, an insole, an outsole, a casual shoe

IX. Translate the sentences into English:

1. Взуття носять з таких причин, як захист від оточуючого середовища, гігієни та інших.

2. Деякі люди дуже захоплюються модним взуттям.

3. Нижня частина взуття називається підошвою.

4. Додаткова устілка додається для зручності, збереження форми та інших причин.

5. Підметка складається з однієї або декількох деталей, виготовлених із різних матеріалів.

6. Різні компанії використовують для підложки різноманітні матеріали.

7. Функція каблука – підтримка п’яти ступні.

8. Під впливом моди каблук може бути різної висоти або плоским для практичних цілей.

9. Будь-яке взуття має верхню частину, щоб кріпитися до стопи.

10. Щоб привабливо виглядати, верхню частину взуття завжди прикрашають або виготовляють у певному стилі.

X. Speak on the topic using the following words and word-combinations:

to be worn on the feet, a variety of reasons, to be passionate about fashion footwear, a shoe, a sandal, a flip-flop, high or low heels, shoe materials, leather or canvas, to be made of rubber, a sole, removable or replaceable insoles, an outsole, shock absorption, a midsole, to support the heel of the foot, for fashion, complex upper, to be decorated, to be made in a certain style

TEXT B

I. Read and remember:

1. stitching – строчка

2. pumps – туфлі «човники»

3. clogs – туфлі на товстій дерев’яній підошві

4. lining – підкладка

5. vogue – мода

6. fastening – застібка, кріплення

7. winter outfit – зимовий ансамбль

8. lace ankle boots – взуття на шнурках

9. arch – підйом

10. to trim – прикрашати

II. Read the text and define the main idea of it:

FOOTWEAR IN SUMMER AND WINTER

All footwear can be divided into summer and winter footwear according to its purpose. The summer shoes are, naturally, more flexible, softer and lighter. Summer shoes exist in broad variety of designs opened, closed and light with very few fancy details and decorative elements. The predominant decorations are stitching or simple fastening.

Women’s summer shoes are mostly pumps, open-toe and open back shoes, clogs flip-flops and moccasins. Belt and strap shoes are particularly fashionable, and shoes without lining stay in vogue. Men’s summer shoes are simpler. They are decorated with perforation and lace stitches. The materials used for making the uppers are chrome leather, various fabrics. Artificial leather is also broadly used in the manufacture of summer shoes, which called for special methods of designing and decoration. The most simple sports models are decorated with contrasting stitches, simple fastenings and finishing with the use of different patterns. Perforation is a necessary element of closed shoes made of artificial leather. The bottom of summer shoes is made of leather, light porous rubber, wood. The bottom attaching methods used in the manufacture of summer shoes ensure their lightness. The colours of summer shoes are light and neutral tones.

In countries with cold climate people wear winter footwear. Winter footwear has become a part of the modern winter outfit. Warm footwear for men, women and children is represented in models and designs which have a fashionable look and give the wearer a protection against frost. For a number of years the fashion in ladies’ winter footwear has been close fitting high leg boots and lace ankle boots, in men’s winter footwear – half boots and shoes. Lining of natural and artificial fur and woolen fabrics ensure warmth and comfort. The uppers of shoes are mainly made of chrome leathers, velour and woolen fabrics.

The men’s winter shoes are mainly closed and zipped. The moccasin – styled toe gives a touch of stolidity to them. Women’s boots or half boots for close fitting are zippered or laced on the arch or on side. Characteristic of women’s and children’s footwear is the accentuating of the arch line the use of fastenings and course stitches. The women’s and children’s shoes with textile uppers are trimmed with various tapes and ornamental embroidery based on folk art motives. The children’s winter shoes have the same design and decorative elements as men’s and women’s footwear. Dark tones are the predominant colours of winter footwear.