Benjamin Franklin

BF was the first American to win an international reputation in pure science and the first man of science and well-known in the fields of electricity, general physics, oceanography, meteorology, promotion and others. His principal achievement was the formulation of a widely used theory of general electrical “action”. He advanced the concept of a single, was responsible for the principle of conservation of charge, analyzed the distribution of charges in the Leaden jar. He introduced into the scientific language such technical words as “plus”, “minus”, “positive”, “negative”, “charge”, “battery”. By experiment he shoved that the lighting discharge is an electrical phenomenon and invention of the lighting rod.

BF was born in Boston Massachusetts, 17 January 1706 both sides of the family Franklin had skilled in the use of their hands and with literary or intellectual gifts.

At the age of 8 F was put to grammar school in year his father send him “to a school for writing and arithmetic”. At 10 years of age, F to assist his father. He was found of reading and it was decided that he should become a printer. He went to N.Y to Philadelphia and London. When F. returned in Philadelphia he became a major figure and organizer company. In 1748 F. retired from the business and started public life. He won a high place in 1757: he was a fellow of the Royal society, he was conferred the Copley Medal honorary degrees Harvard and others. His book on electricity was published in England and France and very popular. F was largely self-taught in science but this does not mean that he was uneducated. F is well-known with this invention of: rocking chain, bifocal glasses, the idea of summer time and others.

Discoveries led F to the concept that the “electrical fire” is real element not created by the friction but collected only .In short since one or more bodies must gain the “ electrical fire” that a given body loses ’plus’ and ‘minus’ charges or states of electrification mast-occur in equal amounts. This quantitative principle is known today as the low of conservation of charge.

F. was known as statement and public figure too. He was one of the 3 authors of the Declaration of Independence. He was elected of the eight associate of the Royal Academy of science. His mad contact with many scientists. He died 17 April 1790.

Charles Babbage

C.B born in 1791 in Teignmount, Devonshire UK. He took no part in the divorce between academic science and among the first to apply higher mathematics to certain commercial and industrial problems.

Babbage love of numbers was well known. He wanted to quantify everything. He would preserve any fact. C.B is known as the ‘Father of computer’ for his contribution to the basic design of the computer. C.B designed his mechanical computer, the Difference Engine in the early 1820. It was special purpose devise intended for the production of tables. C.B also made plans for another machine the Analytical Engine. It was designed to perform all arithmetic operations efficiently. However C.B didn’t build it, because he lived in an era of wood and coal and the era electronics would begin many years often is death.

C.B died in 1871. As was C.B was known for intention of dynamometer, heliograph ophthalmoscope etc.

Alan Turing

Alan Matheson Turing was one of the great investigations of the computer filed. He applied the concept of the algorithm to digital computers.

He was born in London on June 23 , 1912. He began his career as a mathematician at king’s College, Cambridge University in 1931. During this time he explored what was later cater the “Turing Machine”.

He described a machine that would read a series of ones and zeros from a tape, zeros described the steps. The Machine would read each of the steps and perform them in sequence, resulting in the steps and perform them in sequence, resulting in the proper answer. During world war 2 Turing worked with a devise, called COLOSUS.

Also he worked for the National Physic laboratory and the Automatic Computer Engine.

Turing wrote the “holy grail” of the artificial intelligence mathematical approach to the problem. His goal was to merge already established biological theory with math sand computers to create his intelligent multi-purpose moment.

Turing worked towards this end by creating algorithms and programs for the MADAM. He dead on Jane 1954.