Section 5 complex sentences with attribute clauses

Exercise 1 p. 34.

Analyse the connectives used to join the relative attributive clauses and write them out under the following headings.

Number of sentence	Connectives			Asyndetic Sudordination
	Relative Pronouns	Relative adverbs

Classify the clauses into restrictive and non-restrictive¹and answer the following question.

Which type of relative attributive clauses can be joined asyndetically?

1) I reluctantly asked her to sit down. We had never been friends since the night she was taken ill (Gr). 2) He is a person who is easily deceived (C). 3) Pa’s job was gone, even the turrent lathes on which he had worked were gone (C).²4) I speak as one who has led a sheltered, privileged life (Gr). 5) In the window, whose curtains were not drawn, I saw the Park prematurely grey (Sh).¹6) I remembered back to the day when a skinny young man had helped to carry their furniture back into the house after the eviction (C). 7) All she had done was slam the door in his face (C). 8) This was the moment you’d be looking forward to (Gr). 9) He began to cough and under his pajama jacket, which had lot two buttons, the tight skin twanged like a drum (Gr). 10) Ellen sat listening, which she did so very well (Crane). 11) There was a feeling in the air and a look on the faces that he did not like (Gls). 12) I’m used to London, you see, where people live pretty thick on the ground (Sy). 13) As I was going through the book department, I was surprised to meet an old friend of mine, whom I hadn’t seen for years (Lnc). 14) But such conclusions as I have come to have drifted about my mind like the wreckage of a foundered ship on a restless sea (M). 15) Everything that I did that evening took a long time (Gr). 16) He occasionally had toothache, which made him restless (Sy). 17) We should merely place what information we hold in the hands of the police, who would then act as they thought fit (Sy). 18) I tell you these things to show you that you are not in the house of ignorant country folk who would kill you the moment they saw your Servian uniform but among civilized people (Sh). 19) But there was something about him that got me down (Frd). 20) Leonardo da Vinci is among the most complete men who had ever lived (Cx).

Exercise 2 p. 36.

Leave out the relative pronouns wherever possible. Explain why in some sentences the relative pronouns cannot be dropped, taking into account the type of attributive clause (restrictive or non-restrictive) and the syntactical function of the pronoun.

1) She went to the ladies for whom she had worked (Prk). 2) Mrs. Fairfax wished she could find a little girl who would come and stay with her (Bu). 3) Boon answered that he could try to get the information which she wanted (Lnd).4) Pyle was very earnest and I had suffered from his lectures on the Far East, which he had known for as many months as I had years (Gr). 6) Julia’s room was set at the end of a corridor, at whose farther end Mrs. Ponsouby slept (Glb). 7) He stepped across the threshold, and took up his stand just inside the door, which she quietly shut (Bu). 8) The policeman who had stopped me moved to one side to let it (the ambulance) through (Gr). 9) He handed her the carefully folded sheets on which he had written Michael’s “thousand words” (C). 10) There are some men whose names are always shortened (Gr).

Exercise 3 p. 37.

Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to the way the attributive clauses are joined to the principal clauses.¹

1) “There was a man,” said Michael, “was a type” (Gls). 2) There are not many men would have stood by her as I have (Sh). 3) He is saying it was Ronald Dancy robbed him down at Winsor’s (Gls). 4) Each thought the other was pathetically young and needed all the support and love there was to give (W). 5) There is no one works harder than you, father (Gr). 6) But it was my husband brought Baby here in the perambulator (Bt). 7) Rita Ferguson wants me to share rooms with her. You know I’ve always wanted and now she’s just heard of some; there’s a studio goes with it (Mln). 8) There’s nothing irritates me more than seeing other people sitting about doing nothing when I’m working (Jr). 9) “Is that all there is to it?” Eric said (W)

Exercise 4 p. 37.

Make up complex sentences with relative attributive clauses according to the patterns.

Pattern I
Principal Clause Antecedent All Everything Nothing Anything Something	Subordinate clause Introduced by that or asyndetic subordination
e.g. I wondered at everything (that) he told me. All (that) he said was clear.

1) The students have learned all … . 2) I have seen at the exhibition something … . 3) The mother gave the children all … . 4) Everything … produced a great impression upon us. 5) I recalled that all … had already been told to us before. 6) Could you supply us with everything … ? 7) Can you tell me anything … ? 8) Nothing … could be of any use under the circumstances. 9) This is all … .

Pattern II
6Principal Clause Antecedent Only Any Adjective in the superlative degree	noun	Subordinate Clause Introduced by that or asyndetic subordination1
e.g. It is the best way out (that) we can think of. Write out any imperative sentence (that) you’ll come across.

1) They chose the shortest way … . 2) This is the only chance … . 3) Find any quotation … . 4) His lecture contained the most interesting information … . 5) Bring me any book … . 6) That was the only place … . 7) Wasn’t it the best solution … ? 8) I can meet them any time … . 9) The most important subject … is mathematics.

7Pattern III1
Principal Clause Antecedent Such The same	noun	Subordinate Clause Introduced by as
e.g. He gave away such books as he could spare. Is this the same magazine as you got last year? The village was the same as it used to be.

1) He despised such people … . 2) The home task is the same … . 3) Is it the same book … ? 4) Send her such postcards … . 5) The house was the same … . 6) It is not the same rule … . 7) The girl played the piano with such feeling … . 8) I was sure I would get the same answer … .

Exercise 7 p. 40.

Classify the attributive clauses into relative and appositive¹and make a list of nouns modified by appositive clauses. Analyse the connectives used to join the appositive attributive clauses and write them out under the following headings:

Number Of Sentence	Connectives
	conjunctions	Conjunctive adverbs

1) The idea that his only son could be haled half across the world on a charge of murder was as horrible as a nightmare (Gls). 2) Of all the different ideas that were started lately, I think that the best is the notion of celebrating once a year Mother’s Day (Lc). 3) Somewhere in her head or her heart was the lazy, nebulous hope that things would change (Prk). 4) I would that my tongue could utter the thoughts that arise in me (Prk). 5) He was again tortured by the doubt whether or not he might venture to meet Antonia at the station (Gls). 6) She had no idea where she was going (Mrd). 7) Again Dinny had the feeling that Fleur had once suffered as she was suffering now (Gls). 8) There was no particular reason why we should not have gone to sleep again (Jr). 9) The crowd’s multiple entreaty that she should have her fortune told did its best to distract her (Gls). 10) He noted the subjects of the pictures but without the satisfaction he usually derived from this inward appraisal (Gls). 11) Incidentally, she also began to recall the fact that he had practically forced her to flee with him (Dr). 12) To this I added the suggestion that I should give some explanation of his character and history of Mrs. Pegotty, who I knew could be relied on (CD). 13) The impression that he gathered was that he would be able to make his own terms (Gls). 14) Thus to Cytherea and Owen Gray the question how their lives would end seemed the deepest of possible enigmas (Hrd). 15) There were times when I wanted to stop the car and tell him to get out (Mlt). 16) You will be given many false explanations of what I have done (W). 17) There was also a vague gnawing apprehension lest Cec might have got into some deeper trouble while he had been away (Gr).