Section 10 complex sentences and adverbial clauses of purpose

Exercise 1 p. 62.

Write out the conjunctions used to join the adverbial clauses of purpose. Translate the sentences with the conjunctions of negative meaning into Russian.

1)She got up an fixed the latch on the wicket at the landing so that Philip couldn’t get in (M).¹2) As you go, leave the door open so that the light from the lamp may show you some of the way down (Ca). 3) Perhaps I had been wrong and Roy had invited me only that we might idly chat of Shakespeare and the musical classes (M). 4) An access of joy made him shut his eyes, lest tears should flow from them (Crn).²5) She strained herself painfully to talk so he could hear (Mlt). 6) He held a very guarded conversation with her on his way home, for fear that ahe would take additional offence (Dr). 7) His brother had stayed behind preparing the vessel for the voyage which was to be made on the tide in order that advantage might be taken of the weather (Herbert). 8) I turned away so that Frith should not see my face (DuM).

Exercise 2 p. 62.

Analyse the moods of the verbs in bold type and answer the following questions:

1) What moods are used in adverbial clauses of purpose?

2) Is the sequence of tenses observed in adverbial clauses of purpose?

1) Mr.Fox and I hold an open house for all the members of the stuff so that the new men can meet everyone else (W).¹2) In the pantry every cup was hung on a hook, every wineglass was lightly wedged in a fitting so that it couldn’t dash itself against another wineglass (Bt). 3) These committees investigate various areas of our national life so that they may gather proper information (W). 4) He turned on the other side so that he might see the reality of the world (Hn). 5) I will not make a noise lest I should disturb you (Pts). 6) They drove with both windows closed so that the Vicar should not catch cold (M). 7) She took to pronouncing words carefully, lest she say things like “goil” for “girl” (Sth).²8) It means that we all have to get on the ground floor so that everyone starts even (W). 9) Moon kept jerking the table-cloth so that it all hung down her side and Sun hadn’t any and then she pretended she didn’t do it on purpose (Mn). 10) I’m saving every cent I can out of your pay so that next year both of you will be back in school (Sth). 11) They climbed on tiptoe so that the Sn would not come up over their rubbers (Sxt). 12) I am coming back to England early this year and would like to meet the girl straightway so that I can marry before the end of the year (Dw). 13) We’d better exhume the body and make our own measurements … so that it may not be so easily for Mason to make any use of the tripod now that he has it (Dr). 14) He would have liked to probe into his soul so that he might see in its nakedness the dreadful dismay of the unknown which he suspected (M).

Exercise 3 p. 63.

Make up complex sentences with adverbial clauses of purpose according to the patterns.

Pattern I
Principal clause Present or future tense forms	So that	Subordinate clause Can May + non-perfect infinitive Should Future tense
e.g. He will come early so that we can (may, will) discuss the matter with him. He will come early so that we should not worry.

1) … so that he can … . 2) Mary is going to accompany you so that … . 3) … so that they should not … . 4) The mother told the children to stay indoors so that … . 5) … so that they will … . 6) The teacher will give you a consultation so that … . 7) … so that we may … . 8) I am warning you about the danger so that … . 9) … so that the students should not … . 10) The students must work in the library tomorrow so that … .

Pattern II
Principal clause Past tense forms	So that	Subordinate clause Could Might + non-perfect infinitive Should Future in the past
e.g. He came early so that we could (might, would) discuss the matter with him. He came early so that we should not worry.

1) … so that we could … . 2) He decided to leave the place at 10 a.m. so that … . 3) … so that you should not … . 4) I asked the women to come to my place so that … . 5) … so that they would … . 6) They hurried to the office so that … . 7) … so that we might … . 8) The teacher told them the marks so that … . 9) … so that the children should not … . 10) He went to see the doctor in the morning so that … .

Exercise 5 p. 65.

Open the brackets using the appropriate form of the verb.

1) They left it in the hall, so that it (no to seem) that they wanted to be asked to play or sing (M). 2) And if necessary, strike a light blow so as to stun her – no more – so that, falling in the water, she (to drown) the more easily (Dr). 3) What do you say, De Levis? D’you want everybody in the house knocked up so that their keys (to be tried)? (Gls). 4) Judge not that ye (to be) not judged (C). 5) At your age I looked for hardship, danger, horror and death, that I (to feel) the life in me more intensely (Sh). 6) Miss Osyth turned and ran, she ran lest she (to be seen) (Bt). 7) Of course, there may not be a vacancy, and I don’t want to put another person out of her place that I (to step) into it (Mhl). 8) Now here’s a form of receipt I’ve made out and you mast get her to sign that so that there (to be) no possible mistake (Pr). 9) Roberta finally arranged with her mother to leave in order that she (to help) her more directly with her wages (Dr). 10) All insisted on refilling the glasses so that everybody (to drink) to Mrs. Cough’s health, happiness and prosperity on the fields (Prch).

Exercise 6 p. 65.

Replace the conjunctions lest and for fear by so that making all the necessary changes in the adverbial clauses of purpose.

Model: The information is kept secret lest the enemy should get hold of it.

The information is kept secret so that the enemy may not (cannot, should not, (will not) get hold of it.

The information was kept secret lest the enemy should get hold of it.

The information was kept secret so that the enemy might not (could not, should not, would not) get hold of it.

1) The irises restrained their perfume lest it should whip his senses (Gls). 2) They sat a strong guard lest anyone should escape (Pts). 3) I will not make a noise lest I should disturb you (Pts). 4) She clasped her hands together lest their trembling betray her (Brf). 5) She had sat the doors that divided her from the hall wide open, lest she should be taken unawares by Cesare (Hch). 6) And he told me that he found it in her pocket and took charge of it for fear it might disappear or be opened before I got there (Dr). 7) Say as little as possible about it to Sybil lest she should repeat my account to anyone (Crm).

Exercise 9 p. 67.

Classify the subordinate clauses joined by the conjunctions lest and for fear into adverbial clauses of purpose and object clauses.¹Translate the sentences into Russian.

1) He was stricken and withdrew his eyes lest she should read them (Crn). 2) He trembled daily lest he should hear that she was proclaimed his second mother-in-law (Th). 3) She feared lest she should be blamed (Sth). 4) Let us leave the house this instant for fear he should ask further questions (Pts). 5) I was getting a little worried for fear you didn’t like your son (Sth). 6) At last he turned away, hastening for fear he should be late (Crn). 7) He seemed nervous lest, in thus announcing his intention, he should be setting his grand-daughter a bad example (Gls). 8) He might have been a sick man whom it was advisable to humour lest his illness should get the better of him (Bt)