II. Соотнесите слово в колонке a с его определением из колонки b. Запишите свой выбор в колонке с.

A B С

1. trade-off a) any situation where goods and 1. b

services are exchanged freely

2. export b) sacrifice of one item for another 2.

3. capital resources c) money and goods that are used 3.

to produce consumer products

4. market d) goods taken out from the country 4.

5. private property e) goods that are owned by individuals 5.

and by businesses

A B С

6. contract a) items provided by nature and used 6.

to produce goods

6. needs b) the cost of sacrifice 7.

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8. natural resources c) money used in the country 8.

9. opportunity cost d) agreement of individuals to buy and 9.

sell goods and services

8. currency e) goods and services necessary for survival 10.

A B С

8. demand a) looking to the past for the answers 11.

9. traditional b) business that is owned and 12.

controlled by one person

8. profit c) amount of a good or service a 13.

consumer is willing and able to buy

8. sole d) the amount of money that remains after 14.

proprietorship all costs of production have been paid

8. international e) a voluntary exchange of goods and 15.

trade services among people in different nations

A B С

8. franchise a) the difference between the value of a 16.

nation’s imports and its exports

8. consumer b) the study of the choices people make in 17.

an effort to satisfy their needs and wants

18. the balance c) goods that are owned by individuals or 18.

of trade businesses, rather than by the government

18. private property d) a contract in which a company agrees to 19.

let another person or group start a business

using its name to sell goods or services

18. economics e) a person who buys products 20.

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A B С

21. corporation a) a physical object that can be purchased 21.

22. technology b) an action or activity done for others for a fee 22.

23. good c) the certificate of ownership in a corporation 23.

24. stock d) the use of science to create new products or 24.

more efficient ways to produce products

21. service e) a business organization that is treated by law 25.

as if it were a person

III. Подберите к началу предложения из колонки а окончание предложения в колонке b. Запишите свой выбор в колонке с.

A B С

1. Most choices, however a) the answers to the three basic 1. c

questions.

2. Self-interest is the force b) is considered a human resource. 2.

3. A traditional economy looks c) involve more or two trade-offs. 3.

to the past for

4. Anyone who works d) that directs the action of individuals 4.

and businesses in the market system.

5. Many of the poorer, less e) receive economic assistance from 5.

industrialized nations, often a variety of sources.

called developing nations,

A B С

6. Choosing among alternative a) help individuals, businesses, and 6.

uses for available resources governments exchange foreign

currencies.

7. A mixed economy combines b) to increase production of a good or 7.

elements of service.

8. Foreign exchange markets c) do not remain constant. 8.

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9. In the real world, technology d) forces people to make sacrifices. 9.

and the other factors of

production

10. Higher sales and higher prices e) the pure-market and the pure 10.

are signals to producers -command economic models.

A B С

11. A production possibilities a) the economic systems of all the 11.

curve shows all of the nations of the world.

possible combinations of

goods and services

12. Interdependence links b) products are called capital resources. 12.

13. The money and capital c) the poorer, less industrialized 13.

goods used to produce countries of the world.

14. ‘Developing nations’ is the d) of their private property as they 14.

term given choose.

15. Property owners are free to e) that can be produced within a stated 15.

use or dispose time period.

A	B	C
16. A franchise is a contract in which a company agrees to	a) by establishing laws and rules that individuals and businesses must follow.	16.
17. A pure command economy relies on officials	b) to protect its members from poverty, business and bank failures.	17.
18. The government regulates the economy	c) arise because different groups in the nation have different needs.	18.
19. The goal of economic security refers to a nation’s efforts	d) let another person or group start a business using its name to sell goods or services.	19.

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20. Even at a single point in history, conflicts among goals

e) in the government to answer the three basic economic questions.

20.

A	B	C
21. The money payments that households receive from business firms and	a) efforts to make the best use of scarce resources.	21.
22. Combinations that lie inside the curve	b) efforts to increase the amount of goods and services each worker in the economy can produce.	22.
23. The goal of economic efficiency refers to	c) represent the inefficient use of existing resources.	23.
24. The goal of economic growth refers to	d) who live in the same residence.	24.
25. By households, economists mean all persons	e) the government in exchange for the households’ resources are called income.	25.