- •11.1 Cooling
- •Table 11.2 Molecular Lowering of the Melting or Freezing Point
- •11.2 Drying and Humidification
- •11.3 Boiling Points and Heating Baths
- •Table 11.8 Organic Solvents Arranged by Boiling Points
- •Table 11.9 Molecular Elevation of the Boiling Point
- •11.4 Separation Methods
- •Table 11.11 Solvents of Chromatographic Interest
- •11.4.1 McReynolds’ Constants
- •11.4.2 Chromatographic Behavior of Solutes
- •11.4.3 Ion-Exchange (Normal Pressure, Columnar)
- •Table 11.16 Guide to Ion-Exchange Resins
- •Table 11.18 Relative Selectivity of Various Counter Anions
- •11.5 Gravimetric Analysis
- •Table 11.19 Gravimetric Factors
- •Table 11.20 Elements Precipitated by General Analytical Reagents
- •Table 11.21 Cleaning Solutions for Fritted Glassware
- •Table 11.25 Tolerances for Analytical Weights
- •Table 11.26 Heating Temperatures, Composition of Weighing Forms, and Gravimetric Factors
- •11.6 Volumetric Analysis
- •Table 11.28 Titrimetric (Volumetric) Factors
- •11.6.3 Standard Volumetric (Titrimetric) Redox Solutions
- •11.6.4 Indicators for Redox Titrations
- •11.6.5 Precipitation Titrations
- •11.6.6 Complexometric Titrations
- •11.6.7 Masking Agents
- •11.6.8 Demasking
- •Table 11.30 Standard Solutions for Precipitation Titrations
- •Table 11.31 Indicators for Precipitation Titrations
- •Table 11.32 Properties and Applications of Selected Metal Ion Indicators
- •Table 11.41 Pipet Capacity Tolerances
- •Table 11.43 Buret Accuracy Tolerances
- •11.7 Laboratory Solutions
- •11.7.1 General Reagents, Indicators, and Special Solutions
- •Table 11.49 TLV Concentration Limits for Gases and Vapors
- •Table 11.52 Chemicals Which Polymerize or Decompose on Extended Refrigeration
- •11.9 Thermometry
- •11.9.1 Temperature and Its Measurement
- •11.10 Thermocouples
- •Table 11.63 Type T Thermocouples: Copper vs. Copper-Nickel Alloy
- •11.11 Correction for Emergent Stem of Thermometers
11.136 |
SECTION |
11 |
TABLE 11.51 |
Chemicals Recommended for Refrigerated Storage |
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A. Due to chemical decomposition or polymerization |
|
|
|
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Acetaldehyde |
Isoprene |
|
Acrolein |
Lecithin |
|
Adenosinetriphosphoric acid |
Mercaptoacetic acid |
|
Bromacetaldehyde, diethyl acetal |
Methyl acrylate |
|
Bromosuccinimide |
2-Methyl-1-butene |
|
3-Buten-2-one |
Methylenedi-1,4-phenylene diisocyanate |
|
tert |
-Butyl hydroperoxide |
4-Methyl-1-pentene |
2-Chlorocyclohexanone |
-Methylstyrene |
|
Cupferron |
1-Naphthyl isocyanate |
|
1,3-Cyclohexadiene |
1-Pentene |
|
1,3-Dihydroxy-2-propanone |
Isopentyl acetate |
|
Divinylbenzene |
Pyruvic acid |
|
Ethyl methacrylate, monomer |
Styrene, stabilized |
|
Glutathione |
Tetramethylsilane |
|
Glycidol |
Thioacetamide |
|
Histamine, base |
Veratraldehyde |
|
Hydrocinnamaldehyde |
Vitamin E (and the acetate) |
|
|
|
|
|
B. Due to flammability and high volatility |
|
|
|
|
Acetaldehyde |
Iodomethane |
|
Bromoethane |
Isoprene |
|
tert |
-Butylamine |
Isopropylamine |
Carbon disulfide |
Methylal |
|
1-Chloropropane |
2-Methylbutane |
|
3-Chloropropane |
2-Methyl-2-butene |
|
Cyclopentane |
Methyl formate |
|
Diethyl ether |
Pentane |
|
2,2-Dimethylbutane |
Propylamine |
|
Dimethyl sulfide |
Propylene oxide |
|
Furan |
Trichlorosilane |
|
|
|
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TABLE 11.52 Chemicals Which Polymerize or Decompose on Extended Refrigeration
Formaldehyde |
Sodium methoxide |
Hydrogen peroxide |
Sodium nitrate |
Sodium chlorite [sodium chlorate (IV)] |
Sodium peroxide |
Sodium chromate(VI) |
Strontium nitrate |
Sodium dithionite |
Urea |
Sodium ethoxide |
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