III Mixed conditionals.

a) The condition may refer to the past while the result refers to the present or future. In this case in the subordinate clause of unreal condition Past Subjunctive II is used and in the principal clause the verb is in the Present Conditional.

e. g. If I hadn’t left my watch at home we would know the time now.

b) If the condition is permanent while the action refers to the past, we use Present Subjunctive II in the subordinate clause and the Past Conditional in the principal clause.

e. g. If you were not so absent-minded you wouldn't have lost your purse.

IV Problematic condition.

In the principal clause of this kind of sentences Future indefinite or the Imperative Mood is used, in the subordinate clause Present Suppositional is used.

The Suppositional Mood is formed with the help of the auxiliary verb ‘should’ for all persons singular and plural and the infinitive without particle ‘to’:

should do (the present tense)

should have done (the past tense)

The Suppositional Mood represents an action as problematic but not as contradicting to reality. The realization of the action may depend on certain circumstances but these circumstances are not contrary to fact.

e.g. If you should want your breakfast, come and get it. –

Если ты все же захочешь позавтракать, приходи и бери все сам.

If she should write to Jack, he won’t pardon her.

Если она вдруг ему напишет, он все равно ее не простит.

Note IV Inversion is often used to make the sentence more emphatic.

e.g. Should you go there, call on my brother.

If she learns the truth Even if I see it

she will be unhappy. I won’t believe it.

Ex. 46. Complete the following sentences.

1. If she cuts her hair short ... . 2. If the boy takes after his father ... . 3. If he grows a beard ... . 4. If her dress is ready in time for the party ... . 5. If she wears her new dress .... 6. If the woman pays more attention to her appearance ... . 7. If you arrange your hair in a different way ... . 8. If the girl makes up heavily ... . 9. If you describe your sister to me ... . 10. Even if you agree... . 11. If you try these shoes on ... . 12. Even if I give you the money… . 13. Even if he saves her … .

Ex. 47. Supply the following sentences with suitable if - clauses.

1. ... I'll work as a teacher. 2. ... she'll take her exam next week. 3. ... you'll improve your spelling. 4. ... we'll get these books in the library. 5. ... the students will copy the verse. 6. ... the lecture will begin in an hour. 7. ... you won't pass your exams. 8. ... my brother will begin to study Spanish. 9. ... she'll fall behind the group. 10. ... they'll finish the translation in time. 11. ... I'll be able to prepare the text. 12. ... you'll get good marks. 13. ... we'll write the test-paper.

Ex. 48. Open the brackets in the sentences of real condition.

1. My grandmother is superstitious. She always says to me: "If you (to spill) salt, you should throw a little salt over your left shoulder. If you (not to do) this, you (to have) bad luck. If you (to break) a mirror, you (to have) bad luck for seven years." 2. I (to speak) to Mary if I (to see) her today. 3. If you (to ask) me a difficult question, I (to be) nervous. If I (to be) nervous, I (to make) a mistake. If I (to make) a mistake, the other students (to laugh) at me. If the other students (to laugh) at me, I (to be) embarrassed. And if I (to be) embarrassed, I (to cry). So please don't ask me a difficult question! 4. If the weather (to be) nice, we probably (to go) to the beach. 5. If he still (to have) a cold and (not to feel) better, he (not to go) to a disco. 6. If you (to decide) to forget about your diet, you (to eat) wedding cake tomorrow. 7. If I (to drink) too much champagne at my friend's wedding, I (to get) a bad headache. 8. If they (to go) to California next year, they (to visit) his friend in San Francisco. 9. If she (not to work) properly, her boss (to fire) her and (to hire) my sister.

Ex. 49. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Если пойдет дождь, нам придется искать укрытие. 2. Если мороз усилится, дети останутся дома. 3. Вы простудитесь, если промочите ноги. 4. Если подует сильный ветер, вы замерзнете в своем легком пальто. 5. Если погода ухудшится, они отложат свою поездку за город. 6. Будет сильный дождь, если ветер не разгонит эти тучи. 7. Если лето не будет теплым, я останусь в городе. 8. Если весь снег растает сразу, на улицах будет слякоть. 9. Я позвоню ему, если буду в Петербурге. 10. Если он будет более внимательным, он напишет перевод без ошибок. 11. Даже если он не придет, мы начнем эксперимент без него. 12. Я не колеблясь выскажу свою точку зрения, если это будет надо. 13. Если он нарушит данное слово, он подведет своих друзей. 14. Он примет правильное решение, если у него будут все необходимые данные.

If Even if Even though

smb did smth were could (might) do could (might) be

smb would do smth would be could (might) do could (might) be

Ex. 50. Translate the sentences into Russian. Analyze the forms of the predicate verb.

1. If I lost my ideals, I should lose everything. 2. If I told her about it myself, she wouldn't believe me. 3. If I were you I should fear him. 4. If I remembered him, I should say so at once. 5. She would be annoyed if she were told so. 6. And what would you do if you were rich? 7. Would you tell them all if you were in my place? 8. I should be quite jealous if I were you. 9. You wouldn't see the change unless you looked very close. 10. I shouldn't let them down unless it were quite unavoidable. 11. He would be very happy if you talked to him for a few minutes. 15. Would you come on Saturday if you had no work to do? 16. Would you sleep well if you did not take some proper sleeping stuff? 17. Even if I didn’t love Robert, you’re the last man I should care for. 18. Even if they had education or money men like Passini would not wish to be officers.19. If we could only get two bicycles we should take a short cut and get to town in time. 20. If he had but a little more brains, I might make something of him. 21. If they sent anything to us, it might be a bomb.

Ex. 51. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the verb.

1. If he ... back, I... him everything. (to come, to forgive) 2. I ... it if I ... in your place. (not to do, to be) 3. He ... if she ... him. (to come, to ask) 4. I ... you if I ... it myself. (not to bother, can manage) 5. If he ... himself, my answer ... the same. (to come, to be) 6. If it ... true, it ... the end of our friendship. (to be, to be) 7. How Edward ... if he ... here! (to laugh, to be) 8. If she ... as clever as she thinks she is, she ... that he is dangerous. (to be, to know) 9. Stay here, please. I ... easy if you ... within call. (never to feel, not to be) 10. There aren't any jobs. And if there ... , they ... them to me. (to be, to give) 11. I ... you at all if I ... you were what most other men are. (not to like, to think) 12. If I ... your mother I ... on your entering the University. (to be, to insist) 13. I ... happier if I ... all about it. (to feel, can forget) 14. What ... you ... if I ... you all? (to say, to tell) 15. Do you think if you ... ill he ... a finger to help you? (to be, to stir) 16. If I ... you, I ... that name again. (to be, not to mention) 17. If we ... our feelings all the time we ... like cats chasing their tails. (to follow, to be)

Ex. 52. Open the brackets.

1. If you (to understand) children, you (not to speak) like that. 2. She (to grow up) a sensible person if they (to stop) treating her like a plaything. 3. The flowers (to grow) much better if you (to water) them regularly. 4. I don't think he (to mind) if we (not to ask) him. 5. If you (not to be) so angry, you (can see) it yourself. 6. If she (to want) to see you, she (can come). 7. If he (to know) the subject better, he (not to say) the things he does. 8. Even if he (to be) here, I (to say) the same. 9. Even if nobody (to object), I (to object). 10. Even if she (to see) it with her own eyes, she (not to believe) it. 11. I (cannot go) to-day even if you (to ask) me. 12. They (to lose) the game if there (to be) no rain. 13. He (to do) the right thing even though he (not to like) you personally. 14. They (to go) there even though you (to try) to stop them. 15. Nothing (to come out) of this scheme even if you (to give) them every opportunity. 16. If nothing better (to turn up), he (may go) into his father's bank. 17. Even if I (can) help you, I (not to go) against my conscience.

Ex. 53. Join the sentences making them unreal.

1. He's getting fat. He doesn't take much exercise. 2. He smokes about 50 cigarettes a day. He is always coughing. 3. She goes to bed very late. She feels tired in the morning. 4. He is not a strong child. He never eats fruit. 5. Jack doesn't listen to the teacher very carefully. He makes a lot of mistakes. 6. Unfortunately, I don't know his address. I can't write to him. 7. The children can't play this game in the house. They are so noisy! 8. You can't watch this film before going to bed. It's a horror film. 9. They can't show you all the sights of the city. They are working all the week. 10. Pam can't afford this ring. She earns too little money. 11. We can't relax at the moment. There is some work to do. 12. Nobody in the office knows Turkish. We can't read the letter. 13. The child can't tell the truth. He is too scared. 14. I can't help you out. I'm leaving the city. 15. My grandparents can't live in the country all the year round. There are no conveniences in the cottage. 16. The store is not well located. It doesn't attract many customers.

Ex. 54. Translate into English.

1. Если бы я был сейчас свободен, я пошел бы купаться. 2. Если бы они были сейчас дома, они помогли бы тебе. 3. Если бы сейчас была хорошая погода, дети пошли бы погулять. 4. Если бы они приехали завтра, они застали бы меня в городе. 5. Если бы я завтра получила стипендию, я купила бы эти туфли. 6. Она была бы счастлива, если бы могла приехать в наш город. 7. Он рассказал бы тебе все, если бы знал сам. 8. Она приехала бы завтра, если бы дети не были больны. 9. Ты помог бы мне, если бы у тебя было время? 10. Вы бы поехали завтра на дачу, если бы была хорошая погода? 11. Даже если бы он меня пригласил в ресторан, я бы отказалась. 12. Я успел бы всех повидать, если бы приехал в воскресенье? 13. Я не стал бы говорить тебе об этом, если бы не был уверен, что это правда. 14. Мальчик не лгал бы, если бы не боялся тебя. 15. Я никуда бы не поехал, если бы лето у нас было теплое. 16. Что ты стал бы сейчас делать, если бы у тебя было время? 17. Даже если бы она не красилась, она бы выглядело здорово.

If Even if Even though

smb had done smth had been could (might) have done could (might) have been

smb would have done smth would have been could (might) have done could (might) have been

Ex. 55. Read the sentences, giving the contracted forms of the predicate verbs. Translate into Russian and analyze the moods.

1. If any one had told me of it yesterday, I should not have believed him. 2. If I had been in her place, I should have done the same. 3. Do you think your pretty wife would have married you if she had known that? 4. You mean that you would not have done so if you had known that you were being watched? 5. I am sorry that you have been ill; I should not have bothered you with my affairs if I had known. 6. Everyone would have known if they had quarrelled. 7. If he had asked me the same question that day, I would have given him the same answer.8. If he had had the luck to be born ten years later, he would have avoided all this horror. 9. “You see,” he said to me, “even if I had been able to get back to England on leave I would not have gone. 10. At the time we talked I was unaware that it had happened. Even if I had known, it would not have seemed to me important enough to mention it. 11. Anyway, even if we had been able to pay for the extra nurse, the matron would not have kept her. 12. I could not have held out much longer if you hadn't come. 13. He could have found the place easily if it had not been so dark. 14. If she had married someone else, she might have been happier. 15. If he had drunk less and thought more, I might have saved him.

Ex. 56. Replace the infinitives in brackets by the right form of the verb. (All the sentences contain unreal conditions and refer to the past.)

MODEL

If I (to know) about it, I (to help) you.

If I had known about it, I should have helped you.

1. If it (not to be raining) steadily for a fortnight, we (to cross) this river easily. 2. If you (not to interfere), they (to forget) all about it in an hour. 3. If you (to trust) me, I (can lead) you safely through. 4. The dinner (not to be spoiled) if you (to turn up) when you promised you would. 5. She (to know) how to act if she (to be given) all the particulars. 6. He (not to take) this case even if he (to be asked). 7. The accident (not to happen) if the other driver (not to be speeding). 8. She (to go) there even though she (to have) to walk all the way to the station. 9. None (to mind) if he (to stay) away. 10. Someone (may notice) if she (not to be) there to meet us. 11. The dog (to bark) his head off if it (to be) someone it did not know. 12. There (to be) no tracks on this concrete path even if it (not to be raining). 13. The children (to raise) the roof if we (to try) to leave them behind. 14. He (to be delighted) even if you (not to bring) him all these toys. 15. He (not to be) satisfied even though you (to consult) him before acting. 16. The crops (to be) much better if there (to be) no early morning frosts that spring.

Ex. 57. Fill in the blanks.

1. If anyone ... me yesterday that he was a traitor, I ... in his face. (to tell, to laugh) 2. ... you ... surprised if you ... me there? (not to be, to meet) 3. If they ... him the bag, he ... it as his own. (to show, to recognize) 4. If I ... it then I ... it. (to see, not to forget) 5. He was not very far. If you just ... around, you ... him. (to turn, to see) 6. As we led the way upstairs he stumbled and ... down again if I ... him round the waist. (to fall, to grab) 7. If she ... half as much as she said she did, she ... for Dr. Haydock long ago. (to suffer, to send) 8. If he ... a young attractive gentleman, I ... too shy to offer help. (to be, to be) 9. It was not a big hall, it ... probably a hundred if it ... full. (to hold, to be) 10. If he ... out through the study door, she ... him. (to come, to notice) 11. He went on living abroad. If he ... back to his native country he ... some rather unpleasant questions. (to come, to be asked)

Ex. 58. Join the sentences making them unreal.

1. We couldn't listen to the pop-concert. It started too late. 2. Angela couldn't dance with Nick. They had quarrelled. 2. My friends and I couldn't meet very often. Everybody was so busy! 3. Marina went to the market too late. She couldn't buy any fresh strawberries. 4. The play was boring. Some people didn't even watch it to the end. 5. Yuri didn't even try to do the job. It wasn't done. 6. Molly felt that the woman was deceiving her. So she didn't obey her. 7. My T-shirt shrank. I think I didn't dry it properly.

Ex. 59. Translate into English.

1. Если бы он не пошел вчера на каток, он бы не простудился. 2. Если бы у меня вчера были с собой деньги, я бы купила те туфли. 3. Если бы я застала их вчера дома, я пригласила бы и их. 4. Если бы они вчера приехали, они позвонили бы мне. 5. Я сделал бы то же самое, если бы был тогда на твоем месте. 6. Он действовал бы иначе, если бы он уже тогда знал обо всем. 7. Если бы она лучше занималась в школе, она не провалилась бы на вступительных экзаменах. 8. Если бы ты подождал меня в субботу, ничего этого не случилось бы. 9. Собака не укусила бы тебя, если бы ты ее не дразнил. 10. Ты не проболел бы столько времени, если бы послушался совета врача. 11. Ты улетел бы еще вчера, если бы заранее купил билет на самолет. 12. Если бы я вовремя купила этот словарь, я бы не потратила столько времени на перевод.

If Even if Even though	smb did smth	smb would do smth
	smb had done smth	smb would have done smth

Ex. 60. Change the sentences of real condition into the sentences of unreal condition.

MODEL:

If you come, I shall be very glad.

а) If you came tomorrow, I should be very glad.

б) If you had come yesterday, I should have been very glad.

1. If they come in time, we'll manage everything. 2. If you tell her the truth, she'll be disappointed. 3. If the wind rises, the boat will be driven ashore. 4. The dog won't bark if you move noiselessly. 5. You won't even know if he deceives you. 6. Who'll be responsible if something unexpected happens? 7. What will you do if you miss the last bus? 8. Well, who will undertake the job if I fail? 9. If you come, we'll have a nice chat. 10. Will you go to the country if the weather breaks? 11. What will she do if he leaves her? 12. What will your boss say if he finds everything out?13. He'll never succeed if he works in fits and starts. 14. I won't forget to post the letter if you remind me before we leave. 15. Will you call me up if you learn the facts? 16. How will he find the way if he comes without warning? 17. What country will you go to if it is up to you to choose?

Ex.61. Replace the infinitives in brackets by the right form of the verb.

MODEL

1) If I were you, I (to read) the book in the original.

If I were you, I should read the book in the original.

2) If I had known how dull the film was, I (not to go) to the cinema.

If I had known how dull the film was, I should not have gone to the

cinema.

1. If this reviewer had expressed an unfavourable opinion of the poems, it (to affect) the poet greatly. 2. They (to go) for a swim in the lake if it were warmer. 3. If the poem were not so long, I (to recite) it to show what I mean. 4. If you had given me leave to act, I (to do) my best to arrange the matters. 5. Even if it were not so late I don't think I (to go) to the cinema. I don't feel like going anywhere. 6. Even though he realized how bad his health is, he (not to stop) the preparations for the experiment. 7. Even if I had had a dictionary, I don't believe I (to be able) to translate the text in the short time we were given. 8. Even if you had given her every opportunity to do so, she (cannot do) it in so short a time. 9. Even if I wanted to, I (can do) nothing now. 10. If you really wanted to help, you (can do) it even now.

Ex.62. Replace the infinitives in brackets by the right form of the verb.

MODEL

1) If she (to be) present, she would explain it all to you.

If she were present, she would explain it all to you.

2) If I (not to lose) his address, I should not have wasted all this time.

If I had not lost his address, I should not have wasted all this time.

1. If you (not to be) in my way, I should not ask you to step aside. 2. If you (to attend) to the explanation, you would not have made so many mistakes. 3. I should reconsider my decision if I (to be) you. 4. If you (to remind) me to bring the book, I should not have left it at home. 5. I should try to explain to you where you go wrong if you (not to be) so angry. 6. If he (to approve) of the plan, he would say so. 7. Even if she (to put) a question point blank, she would not get anything out of this woman. 8. Even if I (to know) what it was all about, I should not have paid any attention to them. I was much too tired. 9. Of course he has not left. Even if he (to be) in a hurry, do you think he would leave without saying good-bye? 10. Even if it (to rain), it would not have spoiled the party. Not for me at any rate.

Ex. 63. Replace the infinitives in brackets by the correct form of the oblique mood.

1. We (to come) back by all means even if it (to be) as late as midnight. 2. "Even if I (to write) to Dave, he (not to get) the letter," said Stephanie. 3. You hardly (to believe) it even though you (to see) it with your own eyes. 4. Even though you (to come) earlier you (not to find) me in. 5. Even if you (to know) him well, you (not to recognize) him, he has so greatly changed. 6. He is a sound sleeper and you (not to wake) him up even if your voice (to be) as loud as a train whistle. 7. Even if the work (to be) twice as difficult I (not to refuse) to do it. 8. You (to do) as you please even if I (to give) you advice. 9. Even though the way (to be) twice as short we (to miss) the train all the same, for I got the schedule mixed up. 10. She (cannot join) our excursion even if you (to invite) her; she was ill.

Ex. 64. Complete the following sentences.

1. We couldn't have started yesterday even though ... . 2. Even if he had posted the letter two days before... . 3. You would have to accept his proposal even if ... . 4. They would have hardly won this match even though ... . 5. Even though he had never heard it ... . 6. The dog is well trained; he would never leave his place even if ... .

Ex.65. Complete the following sentences.

1. You would not think so ... . 2. You would not say it ... . 3. I should not mind it so much ... . 4. It would not matter ... . 5. I should be delighted ... . 6. They would support you ... . 7. If you realized what it means ... . 8. If you knew what you are talking about ... . 9. If you knew him better ... . 10. If it were not so late ... . 11. If you had seen her ... . 12. If you had taken the trouble to do it ... . 13. If they had not missed the train ... . 14. If they had taken my advice ... . 15. If you hadn't tried to cross the street against the traffic-lights ... . 16. He would have known about it ... . 17. They would have found the place ... . 18. You wouldn't have made so many mistakes ... . 19. Nothing would have happened ... . 20. She wouldn't have been offended ... .

Ex. 66. Translate into English.

1. Даже если бы вы позвонили мне вчера, я не смог бы прийти. 2. Он бы выполнил это задание, даже если бы оно было вдвое труднее. 3. В зале было так много народу, что я не мог бы найти его, даже если бы знал, что он там. 4. Даже если бы вы предупредили меня, я не успел бы повидать его. 5. Я не смог бы поговорить с ним на эту тему, даже если бы я его вчера видел. 6. Я не закончил бы эту работу к вечеру, даже если бы мне помогли. 7. Даже если бы он очень изменился внешне, я бы всегда узнал его по голосу. 8. Он ни за что с вами бы не согласился, даже если бы он был неправ.

Ex. 67. Compose conditional sentences on the basis of the following statements.

MODEL

1) It's raining hard. We can't go out.

If it were not raining so hard, we could go out.

2) I have no dictionary, I shan't finish the translation today.

If I had a dictionary, I should finish the translation to-day.

1. She thought of her figure and refused a second helping of pie. 2. He was deep in his thoughts and did not notice the "no parking" sign. 3. I have a composition to write, I can't go to the pictures. 4. There is no one to sit with the baby, I have to stay at home. 5. The sun came out at last, and we began to enjoy ourselves. 6. She did not think much of her son-in-law and never took his advice. 7. There were so many people there that nobody noticed his absence. 8. He's a friendly dog. The children are very fond of him. 9. He lost his temper and said things he did not really mean. 10. She knows how kind he is, so she does not mind.

Ex. 68. Make up a story by combining the sentences and making them unreal.

Model: If David hadn't got an invitation he wouldn't have gone to the party.

I. 1. David got an invitation. 2. He went to the party. 3. David drank too much. 4. He got drunk. 5. David drove dangerously. 6. He had an accident. 7. David was seriously injured. 8. He had to be taken to hospital.

II. 1. Lucy saw the advertisement. 2. She went for an interview. 3. Lucy got the job. 4. She met Alan. 5. He asked her out. 6. They fell in love with each other. 7. Alan proposed to her. 8. They got married.

Ex. 69. Translate into English.

1. Если бы ты смог прийти вовремя, мы бы уже давно со всем справились. 2. Ты бы чувствовал себя лучше, если бы мог говорить по-английски более свободно. 3. Я не смогла бы все это сделать, даже если бы сумела найти помощь. 4. Он мог бы прийти пораньше, если бы не опоздал на автобус. 5. Если бы он знал обо всем, что случилось, он не расстроился бы так. 6. Все могло бы быть иначе, если бы они тогда не поссорились. 7. Если бы не было такого наводнения, машина смогла бы добраться до города. 8. Он мог бы рассказать тебе обо всем, если бы знал сам. 9. Если бы у тебя было больше времени, я мог бы показать тебе город. 10. Разве они не помогли бы тебе, если бы могли? 11. Я согласился бы с тобой, если бы был уверен, что все это правда. 12. Если бы он мог сделать все это сам, он уже уехал бы. 13. Если бы я завтра уехал, ты смог бы присмотреть за собакой? 14. Если бы он стал завтра нашим боссом, он бы все изменил.

Could he help	he would do it.
Had he died	she would have learnt about it.

Ex. 70. Translate into Russian. Analyze the structure of the sentences.

1. Were I in her place I should not believe a word of it. 2. Were he not so vain he would stop at once. 3. Had I known who you really were, I should not have invited you to my house last night. 4. Had she been more friendly towards me, I would have felt sorry for her. 5. Were he less suspicious he would not be suffering so. 6. He really believed that were it not for her connections, he would be in some danger. 7. At that moment anything might have happened, had it not been for a sudden cry from the crowd.

Ex. 71. Transform the sentences according to the model.

Model: She wouldn’t have recognized him if he had not greeted her.

Had he not greeted her, she wouldn’t have recognized him.

1. If I had seen anything I should have said so at the inquest. 2. I should have been much too clever for you if luck had not been against me. 3. If there had been a dog there, it would have barked. 4. I should be a little more careful if I were you. 5. If you were in her place, you’d find something to do. 6. He said it would probably be worth ten dollars, if it were new. 7. His tone indicated that he would have been glad to give the information if it were in his power. 8. If it were not for him, we should not be late. 9. If it had not been for this young woman, none of this would have happened. 10. If he could have reached the place in time, nothing would have happened.

Ex. 72. Translate into English joining the sentence asyndetically.

1. Будь он умнее, он не говорил бы так. 2. Будь сейчас лето, ты бы купался в Черном море. 3. Будь я на его месте, я бы так не поступил. 4. Скажи он об этом раньше, мы бы его спасли. 5. Заметь я эту ошибку, мы не потеряли бы столько времени. 6. Приди ты вовремя, мы бы уже много сделали. 7. Будь она сейчас дома, она бы мне позвонила. 8. Будь ты сейчас здоров, мы пошли бы на каток. 9. Будь она немного постарше, вы могли бы начать учить ее языкам.

If smb did smth	smb would have done smth
If smb had done smth	smb would do smth

Ex. 73. Read and translate the sentences. Analyze the forms.

1. She would be all right now if she hadn’t had that unfortunate encounter yesterday. 2. I think that if I had bought these pictures, I would be a rich man now. 3. I don’t feel I’ve ever met you before. I’m sure, if I had, I’d remember it. 4. If there had been something suspicious about the way he met his death, his will would give a possible clue. 5. If he had been running all the way, as he says he did, he would be breathless. But he isn't. 6. He wouldn’t be finishing his journey on foot if his car hadn’t broken down on the road. 7. She wouldn’t know anything at all if that redhead hadn’t told her. 8. He would not have done anything of the kind if he didn’t take too much for granted. 9. If he cared for me he would have come after me, would have taken me back by force.

Ex.74. Replace the infinitives in brackets by the form of the verb indicating the past.

1. If you (not to go) out in this weather, you would not be ill. 2. If I (not to leave) my watch at home, we should know the time. 3. If it (to rain) in the night, the ground would be soft. 4. If you (to leave) the window open, the room would not be so stuffy. 5. They would be approaching home now if they (not to miss) the six o’clock train. 6. Your paper would be ready now if you (not to waste) so much time making up your mind what subject to take. 7. I should love to come if I (not to promise) mother to stay at home and baby-sit. 8. She couldn’t cook so well if she (not to be taught) properly. 9. You would be much more comfortable if you (to eat) a good breakfast. 10. He wouldn’t behave like that if he (not to make up) his mind in advance.

Ex. 75. Translate into English. Explain your choice of moods.

1. а) Ты бы сейчас не кашлял, если бы лежал в постели. б) Ты бы сейчас не кашлял, если бы пролежал в постели всю неделю.

2. а) Твой словарь был бы богаче, если бы ты больше читал. б) Твой словарь был бы богаче, если бы ты прочел больше книг.

3. а) Ты чувствовала бы себя лучше, если бы не легла спать так поздно. б) Ты чувствовала бы себя лучше, если бы не ложилась спать так поздно.

4. а) Погода сегодня была бы даже приятной, если бы не шел дождь. б) Погода сегодня была бы даже приятной, если бы не прошел дождь.

5. а) Вы отвечали бы сейчас лучше, если бы больше работали. б) Вы отвечали бы сейчас лучше, если бы побольше поработали.

Ex. 76. Join the sentences making them unreal.

1. He had spent all his life in England and was not accustomed to American people and American habits. 2. His carriage had broken down in the snow, so he was finishing his journey on foot. 3. I don’t know what he’s talking about, I haven’t been listening. 4. He is running a high temperature, he got drenched to his bones yesterday. 5. She’s so upset, she quarrelled with her husband in the morning. 6. The police can’t find the robbers. They didn’t leave any traces. 7. The flowers have died. You constantly forget to water them. 8. The tourists didn’t wear proper shoes. Now they have blisters. 9. You didn't sweep the room properly. It's dirty.

Ex. 77. Translate into English.

1. Если бы они вчера выехали, они сейчас уже были бы здесь. 2. Ты был бы сейчас здоров, если бы вовремя обратился к врачу. 3. Если бы я утром приняла лекарство, у меня сейчас не болела бы голова. 4. Я бы пошла сейчас с тобой на дискотеку, если бы написала вчера сочинение. 5. Она не сделала бы в диктанте столько ошибок, если бы не занималась урывками. 6. Она не пропустила бы столько лекций, если бы здоровье у нее было покрепче. 7. Ты бы чувствовала себя сейчас лучше, если бы не легла спать так поздно. 8. Мое домашнее задание было бы сделано, если бы я вечером не засиделась перед телевизором. 9. Если бы вчера подморозило, дороги сейчас были бы очень скользкими. 10. Если бы зима была не такой холодной, мы бы вчера поехали кататься на лыжах. 11. Если бы я получил все необходимые данные на прошлой неделе, я бы закончил свою работу завтра. 12. Если бы мы заказали билеты заранее, мы могли бы отправиться на юг на этой неделе. 13. Если бы я достал словарь вчера, то я закончил бы перевод этой статьи сегодня. 14. Если бы мы отправились в наше путешествие два дня тому назад, мы сейчас находились бы на побережье Кавказа.