Text a. Manchester

1. Manchester is the second biggest city in Lancashire, Liverpool being the first one, and the industrial capital of the north of England. Its climate is mild and temperature, with the highest summer temperature +27⁰ C and the lowest winter t - 6⁰ C.

2. Manchester is the fifth largest port in Great Britain. Though 56 km away from the sea, it is connected with it by the Manchester Ship Canal. Founded in the Roman times, in later history the city was the country’s and the world’s centre of cotton trade. At present its mills and factories produce electronic machinery materials, different foods, clothes, soap and perfumes.

3. The population of Manchester is about 680 000 people. Manchester was the first city in England to build its own airport in 1919. The city is an important cultural centre, famous for publishing books and magazines. It is also noted its excellent libraries, magnificent museums and art galleries. The famous Halle Orchestra which is leading British symphony orchestra is in Manchester and gives concerts twice a week.

4. Manchester’s theatres are quite good; besides, the Royal ballet from London and the Royal Shakespeare Company from Stratford-on-Avon often perform in Manchester.

Text b. Charles Robert Darwin (1809-1882)

1. Charles Robert Darwin was born in Shrewsbury in 1809. He was the grandson of the famous naturalist-physician Erasmus Darwin. Charles had a lifelong passion for biology. As a boy, he loved to walk in the countryside collecting insects, flowers and minerals. On his father’s wish he spent three years at Cambridge studying medicine. But Charles did not like this. He spent a lot of time with zoologist friend, watching birds and other animals.

2. Shortly after his graduation, Darwin received an invitation to become a naturalist on a survey voyage of «Beagle». He went to South America in 1831 and returned in 1836. In his voyage round the world he looked carefully at thousand of living things in the sea and on land and came to very important conclusion. After his return he married his cousin, a rich woman, whose money allowed him to devote the rest of his life to scientific research.

3. His most important work on natural physiology, «On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection», was published in 1859. His «Descent of Man» followed in 1871 and his «Autobiography» in 1887. In his works Darwin showed the evolution of the living creatures from the point of view of science and put an end to the legend that plants and animals had always been the same, as created by a mysterious power. Charles Robert Darwin received many honors from learned societies in Great Britain and on the continent.

Вариант № 5

I. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык.

1. The assembly Hall is the largest room in the Institute.

2. There were more students at the lecture today than yesterday.

3. Mathematics is the subject which I like best.

4. Yesterday our team played football very badly. I think it was their worst match.

5. The more you learn the better you pass your exams.

II. Перепишите и переведите предложения, определите в них видовременные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив.

1. The teacher had explained new grammar to us by the time the lesson was over.

2. When I came to the library I saw a man there working with my friend.

3. Science is becoming a leading factor of progress of mankind.

4. We have witnessed great progress in space research.

5. This new method gives very good results.

6. Britain has had a long agricultural history.

III. Перепишите и переведите предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент.

1. Most students of our group can study well.

2. She will be able to finish her work next month.

3. Last year we were to carry out a series of experiments.

4. They had to work hard last week.

5. You must heat the mixture for two hours.

IV. Перепишите и переведите предложения. Подчеркните Participle I, Participle II, установите их функции (определение, обстоятельство или часть глагола-сказуемого).

1. Water becomes ice when cooled.

2. Everybody looked at the dancing girl.

3. Working in the fields the students helped the farmers.

4. At ten o’clock tomorrow he will be having an examination.

V. Прочтите и устно переведите весь текст. Письменно переведите абзац 2.