Water is life

1. Water is an unchanging and ever renewing resource but its distribution on the surface of the globe varies greatly – there is either too little or too much water. Many problems are caused by too much water when we do not want it or too little when we do want it.

2. No natural resource on our planet has so many uses as water. We need water to support our lives, to grow our crops, to water our stock, to power our industries and for many other purposes.

3. Our water needs are great and they continue to grow. Agriculture requires great quantities of water to provide food and raw materials for industry. Industry consumes not less water than agriculture. Per capita use of water is increasing rapidly in the world.

4. There is plenty of water on the Earth. But the amount of fresh water available to man is very small.

5. Now measures are taken against waste of water and pollution of water. We have to use water more efficiently in industry, towns and cities, in agriculture and irrigation. All life depends on water.

VI. Прочтите 3 абзац и ответьте письменно на следующий вопрос: Why does agriculture require great quantities of water?

Вариант № 3

I. Перепишите предложения, определите в каждом из них видовременную форму и залог глагола, переведите предложения.

1. The collective farmers who visited the Institute were shown an interesting film on cultivation of potatoes in the North.

2. This book on problems of agriculture is often referred to in diploma papers.

3. Special attention has been called to the research work.

II. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива и причастия.

1. We use water for irrigating our fields.

2. Plants growing in the fields must be fertilized.

3. This dam to create a reservoir with a total storage capacity of 140 000 acre feet of water is exceedingly high

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения, принимая во внимание, что объективный и субъективный инфинитивные обороты большей частью соответствуют придаточным предложениям.

1. The collective farm is known to produce high yields of crops.

2. Nobody believed them to have completed the survey of dam.

3. The river is sure to flood large territories.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения, учитывая различия в переводе зависимого и независимого причастных оборотов.

1. The engineers applying a new method of cleaning irrigation canals, good result were achieved.

2. Powerful excavators are employed at the construction site, each performing the work of hundreds of workers.

3. Rain falling to the land erodes the soil.

V. Перепишите и устно переведите на русский язык весь текст. Письменно переведите 1, 4 абзацы.

Fresh Water Resources

1. Of the total annual world precipitation over 70 per cent is lost to man immediately since it falls on the sea. From the remaining amount of water falling on the land, some water is lost as a result of evaporation, some runs through the ground. It is estimated that the amount of water actually under control is only 0, 3 per cent of the total annual precipitation. That’s a valuable part of precipitation, that’s the part that is used for almost all human needs, and they as you know are rapidly growing.

2. By the year 2100 the problem of water supply is expected to be one of the most urgent problems. According to some specialists the world’s fresh resources, surface and subterranean, may become exhausted within 20-30 years.

3. The continuing growth of the cities, industrial development have greatly increased the amount and changed the composition of used water that flows away and accumulates in rivers, lakes and seas, thus creating a problem of water pollution. At present this problem faces all industrially advanced countries.

3. Russia is rich in both surface and ground water recourses. In its surface fresh water resources Russia leads the world. Over a period of one year, the country receives more than 11, 690 cubic kilometers of water in the form of rain and snow. Our country has a total of about three million rivers and streams, their annual flow being almost 4, 500 cubic kilometers of water. There are nearly 3 million lakes in Russia, Lake Baikal alone giving one fifth of the world’s total fresh water supply.

4. Russia has sufficient resources of fresh water to satisfy the growing needs of industry, agriculture and population. But it has estimated that in the coming 25-20 years fresh water requirement in our country will more than double.

5. However, the Russian’s water resources are not inexhaustible. In fact some areas of the country have insufficient fresh water. In some places there is also a considerable waste of fresh water which is often used for technological needs in industry. That is why the Government has adopted a number of important decisions on the use of water and its conservation.

VI. Прочтите 2 и 3 абзацы и ответьте письменно на следующий вопрос: Why is the problem of water supply expected to be one of the most urgent problems?