- •Unit 1. Breaking the ice
- •1. Read the following words of wisdom. What do they mean?
- •A Short Course in Human Relations
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Say how the prefixes dis-, un-, in-, im- change the meaning of the words (a–h).
- •3. Translate the derivatives; say to what part of speech they belong.
- •4. Match the parts of speech (a–d) with the lists of typical suffixes (1–4).
- •5. Choose the corresponding English word.
- •6. Match the words of similar meaning.
- •7. Match the words to their opposites.
- •8. Express the following in one word.
- •9. Read and translate the sentences.
- •10. Fill in the correct word from the list below. Some words may be used more than once.
- •11. Complete the sentences with the prepositions in the box.
- •12. Match the sentence beginnings (a-g) with their endings (1-7).
- •13. Put in am/am not/is/isn’t/are/aren’t.
- •18. Work with a partner. Complete the tag questions; act out the following dialogue.
- •19. Work with your partner. Imagine you are going to get a new job and you are being interviewed by a hiring manager (hm). Complete the conversation.
- •20. Complete the sentences. Use in, with, at, about, on.
- •21. Write questions that match the answers.
- •22. Write the words in order to complete the questions. Then answer the questions.
- •23. Read the text and do the tasks below.
- •24. Are the following sentences true or false? If false, say why.
- •25. Here are the answers to some questions about the text. Ask the questions.
- •26. “Breaking the ice” is an idiom that means getting to know someone. An atmosphere that was cold becomes warm. Now we will break the ice by introducing ourselves.
- •27. Read through the following paragraph and practise introducing yourself to a roomful of people.
- •28. Make notes about yourself under the headings, then talk about yourself.
- •29. Work in pairs following the instruction:
- •30. Read and learn how “social language rules” work in English.
- •Politeness Conventions
- •How to Be a Good Listener?
- •31. Answer the following questions.
- •32. Express the following in one word.
- •33. Find a synonym in the box for each underlined word or phrase.
- •34. Choose a word from the box to complete each sentence. Some words may be used more than once.
- •35. Read and learn how different nations behave in the same situations. Think about whether this is different in your culture. Saying it without words
- •Unit 2. Daily life
- •By doing nothing we learn to do ill.
- •1. Remember some words of wisdom.
- •2. Read the text and answer the questions below.
- •Vocabulary
- •3. Translate the derivatives; say to what part of speech they belong.
- •4. Choose the corresponding English word.
- •5. Complete the sentences below using the correct adjective.
- •6. Match the words of similar meaning.
- •7. Match the words to their opposites.
- •8. Read and translate the sentences.
- •9. Fill in the correct word from the list below. Some words may be used more than once.
- •10. Match the sentence beginnings (a-g) with their endings (1-7).
- •Time Expressions
- •Telling the time
- •11. Match the time.
- •12. What is the difference between 8 a.M. And 8 p.M.? Look at the chart and check your answer.
- •13. Match the times that are the same.
- •Days and Dates
- •14. Practice saying these important dates in the Russian calendar.
- •15. Put in the correct preposition at / on / in or —.
- •17. Work with your partner. Take it in turns to ask and answer the questions.
- •18. Rewrite each sentence with the adverb of frequency (in brackets) in its correct position.
- •19. Work with a partner. Use the adverbs of frequency to talk about your daily routine.
- •20. Complete the text with the correct form of the word in brackets; translate the text.
- •21. Match the two halves of English sayings. Are they similar to any in your own language? How many Russian sayings about time can you think of?
- •22. What sort of people tend to be unpunctual? Read the following text and check your ideas.
- •It is Never Too Late to Be Punctual
- •23. Give personal information.
- •24. Read the text and do the task below. Use your dictionary to help. Paul brown's daily routine
- •25. Are the following statements true or false? If false, say why.
- •27. Read the text and answer the questions below. Procrastination – a difficult word that makes life difficult
- •28. Express the following in one word.
- •29. Fill in the correct word from the list below.
- •30. Work with a partner. What advice would you give somebody who wants to fight a habit of putting off difficult tasks? Give advice using should or shouldn’t.
- •31. Render the text in Russian.
- •32. What’s a typical day for you? Look at the activities below and fill in the time you spend on each activity.
- •33. Work in pairs or small groups. Discuss the questions about your daily routine.
- •34. Think about your morning routine from the moment you get out of bed to the moment you leave the house.
- •35. Read through these two morning routines. Underline the correct alternatives. Which person is most like you?
- •36. Work with a partner. Take it in turns to describe your daily routines.
How to Be a Good Listener?
Careful listening can build good relations. It can help you make friends and settle arguments.
Some practical advice
SHOW YOUR INTEREST
a) non-verbally – letting your ‘body language’ show that you are paying attention: nodding1 your head, frequently looking the person in the eye, etc. When seated lean2 forward slightly. Don’t scowl3, frown, fold your arms, etc.
b) verbally – inviting the speaker to say more, e.g. by saying: I see. Really? Oh? Tell me more.
DO NOT INTERRUPT
Pay attention to the speaker. Don’t interrupt4 him/her even though you think you know what the speaker is going to say. Save your thoughts until the other person has finished talking.
SUM UP WHAT HAS BEEN SAID
Restate (paraphrase) what the other person has said in your own words. This will tell the speaker whether you understood what he or she said, and it will give the speaker a chance to explain again and correct any misunderstanding. Ask questions if necessary. Typical phrases used in beginning a clarifying5 response: Are you saying (restate in other words)? I heard you say (then summarize).
LISTEN FOR FEELINGS
In paraphrasing the other person’s ideas don’t mimic or parrot6 his/her exact words. Also, avoid any indication of approval7 or disapproval. Refrain from blaming8, giving advice or persuading9. For example, the phrase "Oh, you shouldn’t let that upset10 you!" suggests that the person’s feelings are wrong. But feelings are not right or wrong – they just are. Sometimes people just want to express their feelings – they are not looking for advice.
If you have something to offer, ask first. Try to show understanding and acceptance of the other person’s feelings or experience. For example, say “Yes, I see that this is important to you”, or “I understand (appreciate, value) what it means to you (or how it makes you feel)”, or “It’s really sad (great, emotional, amazing, unfair, etc.).”
Especially important is to show understanding and acceptance of the other person’s expressed feelings or opinions when you want to disagree, or when you have different opinion or perspective. In this case it is appropriate to say “What you have said is really important (you can repeat the person’s statement). There is something that I want to add (point out, mention).
Smiling is one of the most important indicators of a good listener! This does not mean laughing at someone, or grinning, or an ironic face. Just keeping a friendly smile on your face, nodding your head and saying "uhm..." from time to time will get you the recognition of a good listener and a nice person. This will be an important message to another person, which will indicate that you are happy to be in his/her company, that you are paying attention to the conversation, and you are not preoccupied with your own stressful or sad thoughts instead of listening.
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1 nod – кивнуть головой
2 lean – наклоняться; склоняться
3 scowl –хмуриться, хмурить брови;смотреть сердито
4 interrupt –обрывать, прерывать
5 clarify –прояснить
6 parrot – механически повторять
7 approval –одобрение; благоприятное мнение
8 blame –порицать, осуждать, критиковать
9 persuade –убеждать (в чём-л.); урезонивать
10 upset – расстраивать, огорчать
DID YOU KNOW?
93 per cent of our communication with others is non-verbal. What we actually say makes up only seven per cent of the picture! That’s what US scientist Ray Birdwhistell found out when he began to study body language back in the 1950s. He filmed conversations and then played them back in slow motion to examine gestures, expressions and posture1. When he noticed the same movements happening again and again, he realised that the body can talk too!
We use our bodies to send messages all the time. We nod instead of saying “Yes”, shrug our shoulders to mean “I don’t know”, or raise our eyebrows to show surprise.
But even when we don’t want other people to know how we’re feeling, our body language can give us away2. The way we sit or stand, the expression on our face can reveal3 far more than words.
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1 give away – выдавать, разоблачать (кого-л.)
2 posture – положение тела, поза
3 reveal – обнаруживать, показывать
Follow-up