Читай и говори пособие 1 курс
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[Λ] |
перед gh |
enough, rough, |
[au] plough |
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ou |
tough |
[ou] though |
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[ou] |
перед l |
poultry, shoulder |
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ough |
[o:] |
перед t |
bought, brought |
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our, ower |
[auə] |
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our, power |
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ow |
[au] |
в середине слова |
down, now, town |
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[ou] |
в конце слова |
grow, know, low |
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[ju:] |
в открытом слоге |
use, student, music |
[i] busy |
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future |
[Λ] study |
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[u:] |
в открытом слоге |
June, include, rule, |
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u |
после j, l, r |
true |
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[Λ] |
в закрытом слоге |
bus, subject, current |
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[u] |
в закрытом слоге |
bullet, brush, full, |
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после b, f, p |
pull, push, put |
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[-] |
после g перед |
guarantee, guard, |
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ударной гласной |
guess, guide, guilty |
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ue |
[ju:] |
в конце слова под |
blue, clue, due |
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ударением |
suite [swi:t] |
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ui |
[ju:] |
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suit |
[-] guide, guilty |
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[ju:i] suicide, tuition |
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[u:] |
перед j, r |
cruise, fruit, juice |
[ui] ruin, fluid |
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ur |
[ə:] |
в закрытом слоге |
burn, curl, turn |
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[juə] |
в открытом слоге |
pure, cure |
[uə] sure, [e] bury |
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y |
[ai] |
в открытом слоге |
by, type, cycle |
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[i] |
в закрытом слоге |
myth, system |
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[j] |
перед гласной |
yoke, beyond |
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yr |
[ə:] |
в закрытом слоге |
Myrch, myrtle |
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[aiə] |
в открытом слоге |
tyrant, tyre |
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11
EXERCISES
I. Spell the words:
what, young, chalk, page, switch, social, knife, quarter, union, why, parents, experiment, yesterday, pleasant, accept, space, keeps, exam.
II.Read the words:
a)see, reads, please, keeps, teacher, three, easy, space, climate, mice, guide, gate, general, guest, liquid, centre;
b)girl, third, turn, furniture, surname, learn, party, dark, morning, before, town, air, tired, here, chair;
c)chalk, which, who, wrong, know, phase, comb, science, listen, lecture, discussion, initial, Russian, bought, debt, foreign, chemistry.
III.Read the pairs of words, mind the stress
noun |
adjective |
verb |
noun |
culture |
cultural |
export |
export |
economy |
economical |
import |
import |
history |
historical |
organize |
organization |
policy |
political |
demonstrate |
demonstration |
industry |
industrial |
coordinate |
coordination |
theory |
theoretical |
illustrate |
illustration |
revolution |
revolutionary |
integrate |
integration |
nation |
national |
combine |
combination |
IV. Read the words with vowels in different positions.
A a |
[ei] |
[æ ] |
[a:] |
[εə ] |
[ə] |
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name |
tram |
hard |
share |
a`go |
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late |
map |
dark |
rare |
a`bout |
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game |
stand |
start |
care |
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`sofa |
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plane |
plan |
party |
compare |
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a`bove |
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fate |
factory |
farm |
prepare |
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`legal |
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E e |
[i:] |
[e] |
[ə:] |
[iə] |
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[i] [ə] |
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she |
get |
her |
here |
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be`gin |
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we |
egg |
term |
mere |
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re`turn |
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be |
fell |
verb |
sphere |
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`ticket |
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week |
let |
serve |
material |
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`sister |
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repeat |
ten |
person |
period |
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`absent |
I i / Y y |
[ai] |
[i] |
[ə:] |
[aiə ] |
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[i] |
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time |
ill |
sir |
fire |
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`engine |
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type |
wish |
bird |
lyre |
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`sorry |
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my |
milk |
girl |
hire |
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`family |
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fly |
system |
dirty |
tired |
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`music |
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fine |
syntax |
Byrn |
satire |
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`public |
U u |
[ju:] |
[Λ] |
[ə:] |
[juə] |
[ə] |
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use |
under |
burn |
pure |
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suc`cess |
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student |
fun |
burst |
cure |
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`difficult |
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union |
uncle |
Turkey |
during |
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u`pon |
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human |
butter |
return |
curious |
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`product |
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pupil |
supper |
furniture |
secure |
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`cucumber |
O o |
[ou] |
[o] |
[o:] |
[o:] |
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[ou] |
home |
not |
nor |
more |
to`mato |
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hope |
clock |
North |
shore |
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`photo |
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note |
fond |
sport |
explore |
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`metro |
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nose |
dog |
lord |
before |
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`negro |
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smoke |
shop |
short |
store |
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`zero |
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V. a) Compare the pronunciation of the vowels in the following words:
[i:] - |
[i] |
[i:] - |
[e] |
[i:] - [ə:] |
[e] - |
[æ] |
teen |
tin |
see |
set |
we were |
men |
man |
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hear |
hit |
meat |
melt |
see |
sir |
bed |
bad |
beat |
bit |
meet |
met |
team |
term |
send |
sand |
peak |
pick |
read |
red |
weak |
work |
lend |
land |
seat |
sit |
lead |
led |
niece |
nurse |
then |
than |
[a:] |
- [o:] |
[a:] - [o] |
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[Λ] - [o] |
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star |
store |
sharp |
shop |
sun |
song |
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far |
for |
last |
lost |
cut |
cot |
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mark |
more |
heart |
hot |
none non |
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park |
pork |
clerk |
clock |
dull |
doll |
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farm |
form |
dark |
dock |
front |
from |
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b) Compare the pronunciation of consonants in the following words:
[p] - |
[b] |
[k] - |
[g] |
[t] - |
[d] |
[f] - |
[v] |
pea |
bea |
crew |
grew |
try |
dry |
few |
view |
pie |
buy |
dock |
dog |
true |
drew |
safe |
save |
cap |
cab |
pick |
big |
late |
laid |
leaf |
leave |
pride |
bride |
come |
gum |
set |
said |
knife knives |
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VI. Practise the pronunciation of the following words: |
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a) [t] |
- |
[ð] |
[v - w - w - v] |
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[ð - z - z - ð ] |
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at |
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this |
very |
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well |
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this is |
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is this |
but |
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that |
very |
- |
worried |
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that is |
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is that |
just |
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this |
win |
- |
victory |
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there is |
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is there |
what’s |
- this |
wet |
- |
weather |
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there was |
- was there |
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[ð - s - z - Ө] |
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[r] |
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this is that thing |
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there |
W |
is |
near W it |
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that is the truth |
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there |
W |
are |
more |
W active |
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those three months |
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where W is |
a pen or W a pencil? |
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these thousands of thanks |
for |
example what colour W is the pen? |
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b)[s] - Mike’s flat, student’s decision, students’ decision, accountant’s papers.
[z]- girl’s doll, engineer’s map, country’s flag, this year’s plan, people’s will, the family’s friends.
[iz] - Max’s books, Mr. Fox’s car, Mrs. Patch’s husband.
[s]- speaks, helps, sits, breaks, costs, eats, writes, fights, keeps, makes, sleeps, translates.
[z]- reads, leaves, gives, goes, becomes, says, drives, flies, knows, pays, spoils, sends, tells.
[iz] - teaches, freezes, kisses, discusses, loses, watches, sneezes.
c) [d] - moved, solved, lived, smiled, played, seemed, shaved, closed, answered, opened, considered, joined, enjoyed, carried, occupied, recognized, examined, organized, turned.
[id] - translated, visited, waited, elected, consisted, studied, decided, intended, founded, wanted, crowded, surrounded, wounded, landed, included, greeted, reflected, represented.
[t] - asked, worked, walked, helped, liked, missed, discussed, furnished, passed, reached, picked, published, announced, placed, developed, finished.
VII. Read the words. Mind the pronunciation, spelling and meaning.
a)lead - lid, seek - sick, feel - fill, leave - live, seat - sit, eat - it, lark - luck, dark - duck, charm - chum, pool - pull, fool - full, food - foot, chalk - chock, port - pot, court - cot, board - body, raw - wrong.
b)our - hour, peace - piece, cent - sent, knew - new, too - two, sea - see, there - their, whole - hole, fool - full, be - bee, flower - flour, week - weak.
VIII. Read the sentences several times. Mind the pronunciation of vowels and consonants.
Which is which? |
Out of sight out of mind. |
We were very worried. |
Fight fire with fire. |
She was wearing silver ear-rings. |
It’s never too late to learn. |
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Where’s the railway timetable? |
Never judge from appearances. |
What are you waiting for? |
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IX. Read the following sentences with the proper pronunciation.
a) Is this a & pencil? `Is this a & black pencil? `Are `these & pens? `Are `those `pens & too? `Is this & salt? `Is there any & butter on the plate? `Do you `want to & eat? `Have you ever `been to St. & Petersburg? `Did you `come `home & late yesterday?
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b) A & picture, a |
& |
book and a |
& pen are on the |
( |
table. There is a |
& table, |
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six |
& chairs and an |
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armchair |
in this room. I `like to play |
& football, |
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volleyball, & |
basketball and ( |
handball. In the |
& South |
I’ll & swim, `lie in the |
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sun and `play ( |
volleyball. |
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c) On the & wall opposite the |
& window `there is a `large |
( map. On the |
& |
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shelves you can `find many |
& |
books in `all |
`foreign |
( |
languages. The & apples |
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that are on the |
& plate are ( ripe. |
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Canada which is situ`ated to the `North of |
& |
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America is a ( |
big country. |
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d) `Is this a |
& bed or a |
( |
sofa? Are these |
& books or |
( notebooks? `Is this |
a |
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good car or a ( bad car? Are these |
& big houses or |
( |
small houses? `Is the `day |
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& long or ( short? `Is the `school & |
new or |
( old? Is there a |
& TV set or a |
( radio |
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set in the room? |
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e) He is a ( |
foreigner, |
& isn’t he? |
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You are ( not a Londoner, & |
are you? |
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Your `friend has just `returned from |
( London, |
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hasn’t he? |
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You’ll `do your |
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best, |
& |
won’t you? |
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X. Read the following tongue-twisters.
We wonder whether the weather in the North is worse than the weather in the South.
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We wonder whether the weather will weather the weather. Or whether the weather the whether will kill?
* * *
Never trouble trouble Till the trouble troubles you.
It only doubles trouble, And troubles others too.
* * *
If a white chalk chalks on a black blackboard, will a black chalk chalk on a white blackboard?
* * *
Robert Rowley rolled a round roll round, A round roll Robert Rowley rolled round;
Where rolled the round roll Robert Rowley rolled round?
* * *
She sells sea shells on the sea shore.
The shells that she sells are sea shells, I’m sure.
* * *
There was a man, and his name was Dob, And he had a wife, and her name was Mob, And he had a dog, and he called it Cob, And she had a cat, called Chitterabob. Cob, says Dob.
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Citterabob, says Mob. Cob was Dob’s dog, Chitterabob Mob’s cat.
* * *
Swan swam over the sea, Swim, Swan, swim; Swan swam back again, Well swum, Swan.
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PART II. TOPICS FOR DICUSSION
TOPIC 1: ONE`S BACKGROUND
I. Revise the words and expressions:
The Family |
Семья |
relations/relatives |
родственники |
near, distant relations |
близкие, дальние родственники |
grandparents: grandfather, grandmother |
дедушка, бабушка |
grandchildren: grandson, granddaughter |
внуки: внук, внучка |
parents, a parent |
родители |
father, mother |
отец, мать |
stepfather, stepmother |
отчим, мачеха |
children |
дети |
son, daughter |
сын, дочь |
stepson, stepdaughter |
пасынок, падчерица |
orphan |
сирота |
brother, sister |
брат, сестра |
twins: twin brother, twin sister |
близнецы |
elder, eldest brother, sister, etc. |
старший, самый старший |
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брат, сестра, т.д. |
half-brother, half-sister |
брат, сестра только |
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по одному из родителей |
stepbrother, stepsister |
сводный брат, сестра |
uncle, aunt |
дядя, тетя |
nephew, niece |
племянник, племянница |
cousin |
двоюродный брат, сестра |
in-laws |
родственники со стороны |
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мужа или жены |
father-in-law, mother-in-law |
отец, мать мужа или жены |
son-in-law, daughter-in-law |
зять, невестка |
brother-in-law, sister-in-law |
брат, сестра мужа или жены |
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Marriage, etc. |
Женитьба, замужество |
single/unmarried |
неженатый, незамужняя |
bachelor |
холостяк |
to get, be engaged |
быть помолвленным (-ой) |
to break off an engagement |
разорвать помолвку |
an engagement ring |
кольцо, подаренное во время |
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помолвки |
francé, fiancée |
жених, невеста |
to marry smb., to get married to smb |
жениться на ком-то, |
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выходить замуж за кого-то |
to get married at a register office, in church |
жениться в отделе записи |
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актов гражданского |
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состояния, в церкви |
wedding |
бракосочетание |
wedding reception |
свадьба |
wedding ring |
обручальное кольцо |
wedding anniversary |
годовщина свадьбы |
bride, bridegroom |
невеста, жених |
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(новобрачные) |
a newly-married couple |
новобрачные |
honeymoon |
медовый месяц |
marriage |
брак |
to be married to smb. |
жениться на ком-то, |
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выйти замуж за кого-то |
a married couple |
супружеская пара |
husband, wife |
муж, жена |
to be expecting a baby |
ждать ребенка |
to have a baby (in a maternity hospital, |
родить ребенка (в |
at home) |
родильном доме, дома) |
to get, be divorced |
быть в разводе |
widow, widower |
вдова, вдовец |
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