Грамматика

Глагол “to have” (иметь)

Спряжение глагола “to have” во временах Indefinite

Число	Лицо	Личные местоимения	TheIndefiniteTenses
			Present		Past	Future
Ед. число	1	I		have	had	shall have
	2	You		have	had	will have
	3	He She It		has	had	will have
Мн. число	1	We		have	had	shall have
	2	You		have	had	will have
	3	They		have	had	will have

IX. Прочитайте предложения, обращая особое внимание на форму глагола “to have”. Определите, в каком времени стоит предложение:

a) 1. The first ICs had only tens of transistors per chip. 2. Now ICs have from 3 million to 5 million transistors per chip. 3. The transistor will have a great importance in today's society. 4. The transistors have several advantages in comparison with vacuum tubes. 5. Class B amplifiers had a very high efficiency.

б) 1. Capacitors in a parallel configuration have the equal voltage. 2. The capacitor had a finite parallel resistance. 3. Capacitors will have many uses in electronic and electrical systems. 4. Calculator chips, and the first microprocessors had under 4000 transistors. 5. The diode voltage has a positive temperature coefficient. 6. Analog and digital circuits have linear and non-linear operation elements. 7. Many universities in our country will have separate departments for Electronics Engineering.

Схема образования вопросительного и отрицательного предложений во времени

Present and Future Indefinite

The computer has digital circuits in its design. The computer will have digital circuits in its design.

Схема образования вопросительного и отрицательного предложений во времени

Past Indefinite

The computer had digital circuits in its design. Did the computer have digital circuits in its design? The computer did not have digital circuits in its design.

X. К предложениям из предыдущего упражнения (IX) поставьте вопросы и дайте отрицательные ответы.

XI. Вставьте соответствующую форму глагола “to have” во времени Present Indefinite:

а) 1. Most silicon chips … a serial number on them. 2. A transistor … three terminals for connection to an external circuit. 3. The printed circuit boards … very different electrical characteristics. 4. Today's electronics engineers … the ability to design different integrated circuits. 5. The different types of devices … different temperature coefficients.

б) 1. They … small size and minimal weight and high reliability. 2. An IC, in its turn, … a great amount of electronic circuits on one chip. 3. The flexibility and reliability of transistors … a great significance in modern microelectronics. 4. In fact, every branch of mathematics (for example, number theory and topology) … applications in science. 5. In their construction the first computers … vacuum tubes and electric relays rather than microscopic transistors on chips.

XII. Предложения из предыдущего упражнения (XI) поставьте сначала в прошедшее время (Past Indefinite), а затем в будущее время (Future Indefinite).

XIII. Переведите следующие предложения на английский язык:

1. У компьютера есть главное устройство обработки информации. 2. Один чип имеет огромное количество компонентов. 3. У транзистора будет три терминала для подсоединения к внешним схемам. 4. Центральное устройство обработки имеет функции простого калькулятора. 5. Два типа транзисторов имели незначительные отличия. 6. У них будет небольшой размер, минимальный вес и высокая надежность. 7. Каждая конфигурация имеет разную характеристику. 8. Все конденсаторы имели недостатки.