![](/user_photo/2706_HbeT2.jpg)
ЯМР спектороскопия
.pdf![](/html/2706/12/html_v83Do56EYs.CfDv/htmlconvd-_RA273191x1.jpg)
Задача 36.
Ниже приведены спектры соединения C7H7FO. Установите его структурную формулу и выполните полное отнесение сигналов в обоих спектрах.
2096.7 |
2087.5 |
2079.4 |
2051.4 |
2047.0 |
2042.2 |
2037.8 |
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2.00 |
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1.99 |
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7.00 |
6.95 |
6.90 |
6.85 |
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6.80 |
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6.75 |
2.001.99 |
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2.99 |
7.0 |
6.5 |
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6.0 |
5.5 |
5.0 |
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4.5 |
4.0 |
158.86 |
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155.78 |
155.70 |
115.91 |
115.60 |
114.88 |
114.78 |
55.72 |
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115.91 |
115.60 |
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114.78 |
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156 |
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159 |
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158.86 |
155.78 |
155.70 |
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116.0 |
115.5 |
115.0 |
114.5 |
77.48 |
77.06 |
76.62 |
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160 |
150 |
140 |
130 |
120 |
110 |
100 |
90 |
80 |
70 |
60 |
190
![](/html/2706/12/html_v83Do56EYs.CfDv/htmlconvd-_RA273192x1.jpg)
Задача 37.
Ниже представлены спектры 3-метилпентандиона-2,4. Объяснить картину, наблюдаемую в спектре 1Н ЯМР (для удобства анализа область сильного поля растянута).
3.70 |
3.68 |
3.72
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1.00 |
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3.70 |
3.65 |
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5.96 |
4.82 |
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2.41 |
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2.2 |
2.1 |
2.0 |
1.9 |
1.8 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.4 |
0.74
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5 |
1.34 1.32
1.34 3.01
3.723.703.68
1.005.963.01
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28.73 |
23.42 |
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61.92 |
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12.60 |
205.10 |
190.41 |
77.59 |
76.73 |
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12.96 |
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104.85 |
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26.14 |
21.22 |
200 |
150 |
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50 |
191
![](/html/2706/12/html_v83Do56EYs.CfDv/htmlconvd-_RA273193x1.jpg)
Задача 38.
Ниже приведены спектры соединений А и Б, имеющих формулу C9H9N. Установите их строение.
Соединение А:
1.00 |
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2.13 |
1.10 |
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0.99 |
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1.01 |
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7.6 |
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7.5 |
7.4 |
7.3 |
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7.2 |
7.1 |
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7.0 |
6.9 |
6.8 |
6.7 |
6.6 |
6.5 |
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1.00 |
2.13 |
0.99 |
1.01 |
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3.08 |
7.5 |
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7.0 |
6.5 |
6.0 |
5.5 |
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5.0 |
4.5 |
4.0 |
3.5 |
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119.19 |
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120.78 |
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128.66 |
121.39 |
109.10 |
100.84 |
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77.43 |
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76.59 |
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32.61 |
136.66 |
128.46 |
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77.01 |
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130 |
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110 |
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90 |
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40 |
30 |
192
![](/html/2706/12/html_v83Do56EYs.CfDv/htmlconvd-_RA273194x1.jpg)
Соединение Б:
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6.00 |
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2.89 |
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3.8 |
3.7 |
3.6 |
3.5 |
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3.4 |
3.3 |
3.2 |
3.1 |
3.0 |
2.9 |
2.8 |
2.7 |
2.6 |
2.5 |
2.4 |
2.3 |
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2.2 |
2.1 |
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41.78 |
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73.40 |
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78.38
80 |
75 |
70 |
65 |
60 |
55 |
50 |
45 |
40 |
35 |
30 |
25 |
20 |
15 |
10 |
5 |
0 |
193
![](/html/2706/12/html_v83Do56EYs.CfDv/htmlconvd-_RA273195x1.jpg)
Задача 39.
Ниже приведены спектры трех изомерных соединений А, Б и В состава C3H3ClO2. Установите их строение.
Соединение А:
7.48 |
6.28 |
7.53 |
6.24 |
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1.00 |
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1.07 |
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1.09 |
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12.0 |
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11.5 |
11.0 |
10.5 |
10.0 |
9.5 |
9.0 |
8.5 |
8.0 |
7.5 |
7.0 |
6.5 |
6.0 |
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124.25 |
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140.64 |
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169.87 |
77.50 |
170 |
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140 |
130 |
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90 |
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194
![](/html/2706/12/html_v83Do56EYs.CfDv/htmlconvd-_RA273196x1.jpg)
Соединение Б:
6.85 6.24
6.88 |
6.27 |
0.94 |
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1.00 |
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1.01 |
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12.0 |
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11.5 |
11.0 |
10.5 |
10.0 |
9.5 |
9.0 |
8.5 |
8.0 |
7.5 |
7.0 |
6.5 |
6.0 |
5.5 |
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120.84 |
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135.50 |
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169.14 |
77.51 |
170 |
160 |
150 |
140 |
130 |
120 |
110 |
100 |
90 |
80 |
195
![](/html/2706/12/html_v83Do56EYs.CfDv/htmlconvd-_RA273197x1.jpg)
Соединение В:
1.00 |
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1.00 |
1.00 |
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5.0 |
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7.0 |
6.5 |
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100.88 |
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142.76 |
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77.48 |
77.06 |
76.64 |
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148.54
150 |
145 |
140 |
135 |
130 |
125 |
120 |
115 |
110 |
105 |
100 |
95 |
90 |
85 |
80 |
75 |
196
![](/html/2706/12/html_v83Do56EYs.CfDv/htmlconvd-_RA273198x1.jpg)
Задача 40.
Ниже приведены спектры соединения C2H3F3O. Какова его структура? Объясните форму сигналов в спектрах 1Н и 13С ЯМР, определите величины КССВ (спектр регистрировали на приборе с рабочей частотой 300 МГц)
3.94
3.91
3.97 |
3.88 |
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2.00 |
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0.93 |
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4.05 |
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4.00 |
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3.95 |
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3.90 |
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3.85 |
3.80 |
3.75 |
3.70 |
3.65 |
3.60 |
3.55 |
3.50 |
3.45 |
3.40 |
3.35 |
3.30 |
3.25 |
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61.50 |
61.03 |
77.59 |
77.15 |
76.73 |
126.20 |
122.51 |
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61.97 |
60.56 |
129.89 |
118.82 |
130 |
125 |
120 |
115 |
110 |
105 |
100 |
95 |
90 |
85 |
80 |
75 |
70 |
65 |
60 |
197
![](/html/2706/12/html_v83Do56EYs.CfDv/htmlconvd-_RA273199x1.jpg)
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Таблица 2. Характерные величины химических сдвигов протонов различных групп. |
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Тип протона |
11 |
10 |
9 |
8 |
7 |
6 |
5 |
4 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
C CH3 |
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C CH(2) |
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C CH |
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H |
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C CH |
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C CH3 |
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C CH(2) |
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C CH(2,3) |
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O |
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O CH(2,3) |
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N CH(2,3) |
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O |
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C CH(2,3) |
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C O |
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H |
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C O |
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OH |
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C OH |
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Ф Е Н О Л Ы |
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C П И Р Т Ы |
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NH(2) |
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А М И Д Ы |
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А М И Н Ы |
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Таблица 3. Диапазоны химических сдвигов в спектрах 13С ЯМР некоторых группировок. (если заместитель не указан, подразумевается алкильная группа)
Тип атома С |
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180 |
160 |
140 |
120 |
100 |
80 |
60 |
40 |
20 |
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-CH3, -CH2-, - |
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CH< |
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-CH= (алкены) |
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-CH= |
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(ароматика) |
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-СH≡ |
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=C-C |
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(аллильный) |
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=C-C |
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(бензильный) |
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=С= |
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Hal-С |
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>N-C (амины) |
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-O-C (спирты) |
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-O-C (эфиры) |
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-S-C (тиолы) |
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-SO-C (оксиды) |
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-SO2-C |
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(сульфоны) |
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-C(=O)-C |
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-CHO |
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(альдегиды) |
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>C=O (кетоны) |
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-COOH |
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-COOR |
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-COONR2 |
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-C≡N |
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Фураны |
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Пирролы |
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Тиофены |
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Пиридины |
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Б