Sechenov and His Works on the Blood Gases

I. M. Sechenov was a prominent Russian scientist, the founder of Russian physiology and scientific psychology.

The range of Sechenov’s scientific interests and the number of his research works are really great. 106 scientific works were written by him. In these works he included the findings which he had observed and determined before.

Some of his research works were connected with the investigation of the blood gases and their role in the respiratory process.

I. M. Sechenov isolated the blood gases and found out that most of the blood gases were combined with erythrocytes. No physiologist had been able to do it before Sechenov. On the basis of his observations I. M. Sechenov came to the conclusion that hemoglobin was that substance of the blood which accomplished the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the respiratory process. Physiologists of many countries who had worked on this problem before Sechenov could not estimate the role of hemoglobin in the act of respiration. So the accomplishment of the respiratory process is due to hemoglobin.

I. M. Sechenov investigated the process of absorption of carbon dioxide by the solutions of salts. When he had completed his investigations, he proved that only 2/3 of carbon dioxide were dissolved in plasma. The rest of carbon dioxide was combined with red blood cells. The transfer of carbon dioxide from the blood into the lungs was due to the law of diffusion of gas from fluid into the air. When Sechenov had investigated this phenomenon, he was able to answer the question why oxygen passed into the blood from atmospheric gases during the act of respiration.

Home Assignments 2

Task 1 Read the sentence and answer the questions:

The man you see in the classroom teaches us Physiology.

1 Знайдіть підмет та присудок у реченні.

2 Скільки в ньому речень?

3 Яка залежність між цими реченнями?

4 Чого не вжито між цими реченнями?

5 Перекладіть речення.

Task 2 Read and compare the following sentences:

1 I know my friend is not ill.

2 My friend you know well is not ill.

1 Визначте типи підрядних речень в 1) та 2) та яким чином вони узгоджуються з головним реченням.

2 Як перекладаються такiречення українською мовою?

Task 3 Determine the types of subordinate clauses and translate them:

1 We know well Servet was the first anatomist to describe the pulmonary circulation in the first half of the 16^th century (1536-1538).

2 The phenomenon of the transfer of carbon dioxide from the blood into the lungs Sechenov investigated is due to the law of diffusion of gas from the fluid into the air.

3 The vital capacity of the lungs many physiologists have studied changes in some cardiac and pulmonary diseases.

4 The great English anatomist W. Harvey found out that the heart changed its color during the contractions.

Task 4 Learn the following words and word combinations:

associate – з’єднувати(ся); тісно пов’язаний

passage – прохід

breathe– дихати

flow– течія, стікання; текти, литися

decrease– зменшуватися

depth – глибина

fat– товстий, гладкий

amount – кількість

Task 5 Translate the words with the same root:

associate, associated, associative, association; particular, particularly, particularity; change, changed, changing, changeable, exchange; connection, connective, connected; deep, deeply, depth

Task 6 Fill in the blanks with the suitable words. Put the verbs in the proper tense (in writing):

1 On physical exertion the patient’s … became deep.

2 When the temperature is high a patient usually … deeply.

3 When one … the lungs dilate.

4 When one … the lungs contract.

breathe, breathe out, breath, breathe in

Task 7 Read the text. Find Indefinite personal sentences and translate them. Find Present Participle and state its function in the sentence. Put up 5 questions to the text. Give the English equivalents of the following word combinations:

має особливе значення для, який відбувається у легенях, брати участь у відпрацюванні.